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Final Flashcards

1
Q

431-421BCE

A

“Archidamian War”: Archidamus (Spartan) invades Attica. Athenians huddle inside city walls

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2
Q

480 BCE

A

Battles of Thermopylae and Salamis

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3
Q

479 BCE

A

Battle of Plateia

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4
Q

464 BCE

A

Cimon victorious over Persian navy in the battle of Eurymedon; end of Persian naval threat (for now.)

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5
Q

462 BCE

A

Spartan “affair of Ithome” -Cimon loses status, is ostracized

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6
Q

460-445 BCE

A

“First Peloponnesian War”

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7
Q

431 BCE

A

The affair at Corcyra, beginning of Peloponnesian War

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8
Q

454 BCE

A

Treasury of Delian League moved to Athens

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9
Q

451 BCE

A

Periclean citizenship law passed: in order to be a citizen, both parents must be citizens

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10
Q

447 BCE

A

Periclean building program: begin construction of Parthenon and Propylaia

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11
Q

430 BCE

A

The Plague at Athens. Jeremy argues that it was typhoid

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12
Q

428 BCE

A

Pericles dies

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13
Q

428 BCE

A

Revolt of Mytilene; cf. Thucydides’s “Mytilinean Debate”

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14
Q

425 BCE

A

Athenians take Spartan forces at Sphakteria; first surrender of Sparta

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15
Q

421 BCE

A

The “Peace of Nicias” which lasts for 5 years, sort of

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16
Q

416 BCE

A

Athens attacks island of Melos (a Spartan colony). Thucydides’ Melian Dialogue

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17
Q

415 BCE

A

Athens sends forces to Sicily, under leadership of ALcibiades, Lamachus, Nikias. Alcibiades wanted at home for role in “mutilation of the Hermes”

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18
Q

411 BCE

A

Oligarchic revolution at Athens; Assembly dissolved, COuncil of 400 set up, perhaps to be followed by Council of 5000.

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19
Q

410 BCE

A

Democracy restored in Athens; Sparta offers peace, Athens refuses under urging of Cleophon

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20
Q

406 BCE

A

Atheneian diaster at Arginousae; 6 of 8 generals (including Pericles’s son) put to death.

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21
Q

405 (?) BCE

A

Athenians lose final battle at Aegospotami

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22
Q

404-403 BCE

A

Reign of the Thirty Tyrants under Critias; reign of terror

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23
Q

403 BCE

A

Democracy re-established; blacnket amnesty declared

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24
Q

399 BCE

A

Socrates tried and convicted of “Corrupting the youth and believing in false gods.” Put to death

25
377 BCE
Athenians form the "Second Athenian League." In contrast to the first, they do not levy tribute on their allies, and they give members of the league veto power
26
371 BCE
Battle of Leuktra, Epaminondas and the Thebans defeat Sparta despite inferior numbers. Epaminondas has developed new phalanx tactics.
27
362 BCE
Epaminondas killed at battle of Mantinea (against the Spartans). This effectively end Theban Hegemony.
28
349 BCE
Philip of Macedon attacks Olynthos (city on Chalkidikean peninsula); razes it in 348. Demosthenes (orator in Athens) is unable to convince Athenians to oppose him.
29
346 BCE
"Peace of Philocrates" negotiated with Athens. Athens gives up cities and properties on Chalkidike, and gives up al claims to Amphipolis.
30
338 BCE
Philip defeats Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, effectively ending Greek resistance to his leadership.
31
338/337 BCE
League of Corinth is established; Philip declared Hegemon of Greece
32
337 BCE
League of Corinth under Philip declares war on Persia; Philip marries Cleopatra Eurydice, a Macedonian and daughter of one of his generals, Attalus.
33
336 BCE
Advance force goes to Persia; Philip assassinated in theater at Aigai under mysterious circumstances; at the age of 46 he is dead. His son by Olympias of Epirus, Alexander the Pretty Good So Far becomes the leader of Greece at the ripe age of 20
34
334 BCE
Battle of Granicus RIver; first major battle of Persian campaign. Here, Cleitus allegedly saves Alex after he has lost his helmet. Afterwards, Alex heads down Ionian coast to Halicarnassus, where he reestablishes Ada as Queen over her brother Pixodaros
35
333 BCE
Battle of Issus; 2nd major battle. Macedonians, greatly outnumbered, rout the Persian forces (which includes Greek mercenaries). Darius offers terms of surrender; Alex demands to be King of all Asia; terms rejected.
36
331 BCE
Battle of Guagamela- final defeat of Darius III, who flees to Ecbatana
37
326 BCE
Battle with Indian King Poros near the Hydaspes river. Death of Bucephalus (Alex's horse). Afterward his men refuse to go further east; Alex takes army down the Indus (south) to the sea.
38
323 BCE
June 10: Alex falls ill while still on campaign in Babylon, and dies. On his deathbed he is said to have been asked to name a successor, and in response to have said "To the strongest". Chaos ensues.
39
Themistocles
Athenian general and politician during Persian War; Saviour of Greece during Battle of Salamis and spearheaded getting the Athenian navy on its feet (sea legs?)
40
Calimachus (the polemarch)
Callimachus was the Athenian polemarch at the Battle of Marathon, which took place during 490 BC. According to Herodotus he was from the Attica deme of Afidnes
41
Leonidas
King of Sparta; died at Battle of Thermopylae
42
Xerxes
Persian ruler; beat the Hellespont, etc. etc. etc.
43
Perikles
Athenian politician and general during Peloponnesian War; instituted reforms including the citizenship reforms requiring both parents to be citizens
44
Cleon
Athenian politician and general during Peloponnesian War; characterized as most violent man in Athens and very persuasive
45
Nikias
Athenian general that gets sent to Sicily; very cautious and thinks Alcibiades is insane for pushing this. Tries to convince the Athenians to not do this by telling them how expensive it will be
46
Alcibiades
two-faced general (?) that starts out Athenian then goes to Sparta then Persia then back to Athens and then perhaps does another stint with Sparta; in it for personal gains only
47
Demosthenes (general)
Athenian general that is part of the Sicily expedition; ambushed and executed by Sicilians
48
Gylippus
Spartan general who wanted to take Demosthenes and Nikias as prisoners instead of having them executed
49
Peisander
Pro-Oligarchy Athenian general stuck on Samos; convinced by Alcibiades
50
Theramenes
Athenian statesman; pro-oligarchy
51
Thrasybulus
Pro-Democracy Athenian statesman during later years of Peloponnesian War
52
Thrasylus
Pro-Democracy Athenian statesman during later years of Peloponnesian War
53
Socrates
Athenian philosopher accused of corrupting youth and executed via hemlock
54
Demosthenes (orator)
tried to convince Athenians to stand up to Philip II, and also was involved in a variety of legal cases; Athen's most famous orator
55
Aeschines
Athenian orator who disliked Demosthenes; insulted him on a variety of occasions; eventually went into exile after being utterly demolished by Demosthenes
56
Philip II of Macedon
Macedonian king who took over most of Greece and basically established the base of what would become Alexander's empire; Alex's father; conquers Athens and Thebes
57
Alexander the Great
conquered most of the known world
58
Cleitus
General for Alexander's army; killed in a drunken quarrel where he kept challenging Alex
59
Darius III
Persian king that Alex defeated

Ancient Greek History (1 decks)

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