Final Flashcards
Warp
It’s the part of the fabric (yarn) that runs from top to bottom
Face –
The side that is seen when a garment is being worn
Back –
The side of a garment that is not seen when being worn
Filling –
The part of the fabric that runs from left to right
Weight –
How much the fabric weighs or feels in total. There are light weight, medium weight and heavy weight fabrics.
Grain –
Grain is the direction of the yarns in a fabric.
Selvages –
The side edges of a woven fabric
Weaving Methods –
Plain weave, basket weave, twill weave, satin weave
Count –
The Fabric count is the number of warp and weft yarns per unit
Width –
Fabric width is the distance from one selvedge to the other
- What are the differences between Balanced vs unbalanced weave?
Unbalanced weave fabrics that have an unequal number of yarns when comparing the number of yarns per inch for the warp and filling, while balanced weave have an equal number of years per inch.
- Fabric count – how to read and calculate- and a higher number of yarns per inch effect- ?
It is measured by counting the number of threads in one square inch of fabric, including both the length warp and width weft threads.
For example, if there are 100 threads per inch horizontally and 100 lengthwise, the fabric will have a thread count of 200.
- How to identify:
Plain weave
warp and fill yarns are interlaced over and under each other in alternating fashion
basket weave
Two or more warp and/or two or more filling yarns.
Fairly loose in weave, not as durable as regular plain weave
Variation
2x2, 4x4,etc.. (full basket)
2x1, 1x2, 2x3 .. (a half basket, similar to rib weave)
Twill Weave -
A twill weave is characterized by diagonal lines of warp and weft floats on the face of the fabric. Twill line may be from lower lift to upper right (Z-twill) or from lower right to upper lift(S-twill) corner. Smaller repeat twill is (3). It means take at least end and three picks produce twill weave.
Twill weave filling faced
Predominance of filling yarns on the surface.
Seldom used
Less durable than other twills.
Satin/Sateen weave -
Long floats in the warp or filling direction.
lustrous
filament yarns with a minimal twist.
satin or sateen weave warp faced
Warp thread count is higher than filling.
most common method
smooth lustrous of filament yarns
Satin/Sateen filling faced
Less common
Filling yarns float on the surface
- What is the difference between satin and sateen?
Satin-weave fabrics are made from filament yarns
Usually Warp face
Silk or other filament fiber
Lustrous
Sateen fabrics are made from staple yarns
Usually Filling faced
cotton yarns
Heavier, not as drapable as satin fabric
- What is crepe – back satin?
Crepe is a weaving or fabric treatment method that results in a unique rippling, three-dimensional texture.
- How to make Back Satin/Crepe?
Loosely twisted, lustrous warp yarns are combined with tightly twisted filling yarns
- What colors can we get from natural plant dyes?
Red, Blue, Yellow, Green, Brown, and Purple.
- What are the Advantages and disadvantages of natural dyeing?
natural dyes are ecofriendly
protective to skin
have very poor bonding with textile fibre materials
necessitate mordanting with metallic mordants
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of chemical dyeing?
it is easy to find and can be used easily.
requires more calculation and precise measurement, as a slight mistake can lead to entire fabric being destroyed.
- What is Color fastness and what are some examples?
Colorfastness is the ability of a textile material to retain its color during use & care.
Examples:
Colorfastness to light
Color fastness to washing
Colorfastness to Dry cleaning
Colorfastness to crocking
- What is Crocking?
- Crocking is The transference of color by rubbing from one colored textile material to another
- Mordants
A mordant or dye fixative is a substance used to set dyes on fabrics by forming a coordination complex with the dye, which then attaches to the fabric