Final Flashcards
What are the four tenets of the Society of Professional Journalists’ Code of Ethics?
seek Truth and report it
minimize Harm
be Accountable and transparent
act Independently
(THAI)
The audio heard during the Corvette Chase shown in class was ethical. True or false?
True, it was ethical
Why was the Corvette Chase video’s audio ethical or not?
It was ethical because it was not news
If a person who is not involved with the event you are shooting ends up in one of your photos is it ethical to Photoshop them out?
It is not ethical
According to the SPJ Code of Ethics, it is forgivable to get a fact wrong if the story is breaking and speed is of the essence. True or false?
False
Why do we seldom see shots of Air Force One taking off or landing?
The press covering him are on the plane
Ethically, it doesn’t matter how you light politically-opposed people. True or false?
False, don’t do this
Pilots who use the Provo Airpost have been asking for a control tower. You are at the Airport shooting the story, and one offers to take you up in his plane to show you the problem.
Knowing such flights are costly and he is offering it for free, which SPJ tenet should be your guide?
Act independently
When shooting and editing protests it is ethically important to…
show a wide shot of the whole gathering
When there are family members at a scene who are dealing with a tragic event…
get the shot of them grieving if it is in a public place
The SPJ Code of Ethics does not demand outlets discuss their ethical decision-making with the public. True or false?
False
Explain which tenets of SPJ Code of Ethics were in conflict in the Fugo Balloon example
Seek truth and report it
Minimize harm
What is the most important factor when recording audio?
Distance
Define “look-live”
When a news story is recorded to look like it is live currently
When gathering audio for video, what is the most important technical consideration? Why?
Distance because the nature of the sound changes depending on how far away the subject is. Sounds could drop off exponentially
Explain a jump cut
a transition between shots that shows a jump in time
How does the rule of thirds apply to video?
The rule of thirds for video is used the same as in photos; it is best to focus on intersections
Discuss with detail and/or scenarios three guidelines for shooting and storytelling as discussed in class.
- The structure of the video is vital. This is the beginning, middle, and end of the story. If one is missing or boring it will turn away viewers.
- audio is another, as it needs to sound good to get viewers. It needs to be implemented properly into the video. Good to introduce a video with natural sounds and then bring in a story/interviews.
- The people are another good detail as including people adds a human element. This makes the story more interesting.
When is it ok for the camera to move?
NEVER!!
When shooting basic sequences in the library, how long should you hold each shot, and why?
The shot needs to be held for at least 10 seconds, which gives time to edit them down later. It also allows for shakiness to be cut out. Always overshoot instead of undershooting.
What is the Kelvun scale temperature of the sun on a clear midday on July 3?
5600
What is the Kelvin scale temperature of florescent lighting?
3600
What is the Kelvin scale temperature of tungsten (standard) lightbulbs?
3200
How many lines of resolution are in HD video?
720 minimum
What is the difference between interlaces and progressive scans?
Progressive scans once while interlaces scan twice
Explain the axis as it applies to shooting video: what is it, and why is it important?
The axis (180-degree rule) is a basic guideline for filming. The camera needs to stay on one side of the line when filming. If this rule is not followed the video can be confusing.
For example, if there are two people talking face-to-face in a scene the person filming needs to stay on one side so when the shot is edited together it’s easy to follow. If the person filming switches sides it will look weird once it’s edited together because it could look like the person is talking to themselves or no one, depending on how it’s edited.
Explain the trade-offs of each component of Champagnes Exposure Square as it relates to video.
Light - influences the tone of the video as well as the other three components
Aperture - the bigger the hole the more light is allowed in, which leads to a shorter depth of field
Shutter Speed - more light comes in when the shutter speed is open longer; which leads to motion blur
Sensitivity - the higher the sensitivity the less light is needed for a quality shot; sensitivity needs to be set at the end
Define headroom
The space above an object/point of focus
Define lead room
The space to the left/right of an object/point of focus
Define action
The verbs in photos
Define metering
assessing/reading how far away the object is
What are ways to set up an interview?
- choose the right people to interview
- ambush interview
- set up an interview time
What are the phases of interviewing?
lights set
mic checks
ask and record their name and title
questions
Define shotgun microphone
A directional mic with an extremely narrow pick-up pattern; used on movie sets
Define stick microphone
cardioid pattern (upside-down heart shape); a reporter is doing a live shot or quick field interview
Define lavalier mic
Typically omnidirectional, small clip on mic with cord hidden; like a circle with cross in the middle
Define zoom
makes pixels bigger
Define pan
camera movement side to side
Define tilt
camera movement up and down
Shoot to edit. True or false?
True
Define axis
180 degrees
If you’re going to shoot audio without headphones…
close the viewfinder
Define staging
recreating events that happened
The Kelvin scale can be changed on the camera. True or false?
True
Kelvin Scale
10k - blue
6,200
5,600k - white
4,200
3,600
3,200 - orange
2,800 - red
1080 HD has a minimum of how many pixels?
720p
What are the four corners of the exposure camera?
LASS: light, aperture, sensitivity, shutter speed
Define light
more light equals more manipulation, choose places with lots of light; you communicate with light
Define aperture
the bigger the hole the more light gets in, but the shorter depth of field
Define shutter speed
open/close; open gets more light in, the longer the shutter is open is a high chance for motion blur
Define sensitivity (ISO/GAIN)
the higher the sensitivity the more light is absorbed, but also more grainy
What is the temp of the sun at midday in July?
5,600
What is the temp of the Tungsten (old school)?
3,200
Temp of the florescent office lighting?
3,600
How many lines of resolution are in HD video?
720p
ENG mic types?
lavalier - omnidirectional
stick mic - cardioid
shoot gun - directional
Three things to consider when it comes to audio?
audio ads off exponentially
other sounds compete
mature of sounds triangulate
What is the standard definition (SD)?
480p (720x480)
The hotter the light in Kelvin…
the bluer
The cooler the light in Kelvin…
the more orange
What from photography do you apply to video?
head room, lead room, rule of thirds, action room
