Final Flashcards

1
Q

T/F Groupthink occurs in cohesive groups whose members strive for agreement at the expense of accurately assessing information relevant to the decision. (ch 15)

A

True

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2
Q

One of the assumptions of the classical model of decision making is that _____. (ch 15)

A

decision makers have all the information needed to make optimal decisions

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3
Q

_____ is the process by which members of an organization choose a specific course of action to respond to problems and opportunities. (ch 15)

A

Decision Making

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4
Q

Total quality management includes the two group decision-making techniques of _____. (ch 15)

A

benchmarking and empowerment

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5
Q

_____ are the rules of thumb that help people simplify decision making. (ch 15)

A

Heuristics

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6
Q

Organizational members often engage in _____; that is, they search for and choose acceptable responses to opportunities and problems. (ch 15)

A

Satisficing

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7
Q

The _____ reflects the tendency to determine the frequency of an event and its causes by how easy these events and causes are to remember. (ch 15)

A

Availability Heuristic

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8
Q

A family took a summer vacation in Florida. Unfortunately for them it was unseasonably chilly, and they had not brought any blankets or warm clothing. If a representativeness heuristic was used, the family would be MOST LIKELY to _____. (ch 15)

A

Pack warm clothes and blankets for every future vacation no matter the destination or time of year

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9
Q

T/F When the Delphi technique is used, group members do NOT meet face to face. (ch 15)

A

True

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10
Q

The administrative decision-making model is BEST described as _____. (ch 15)

A

Descriptive

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11
Q

T/F Groups allow for the creation of synergy-the idea that the whole equals to the sum of its parts. (ch 15)

A

False

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12
Q

T/F An example of the value of diversity to group decision-making is auto manufacturers including women and foreign designers on their teams. (ch 15)

A

True

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13
Q

T/F Escalation of commitment is rare in organizations but is more common in people’s personal lives. (ch 15)

A

False

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14
Q

T/F Decisions are made in response to either problems or opportunities. (ch 15)

A

True

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15
Q

When it comes to group decision making, teams that include members _____ are MOST LIKELY to provide the best decisions because they will consider different points of view. (ch 15)

A

who are diverse in terms of age, gender, or race

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16
Q

_____ is an emotional condition in which a person feels doubt and regret about a decision that involves purchasing or winning some high-priced product. (ch 15)

A

Buyer’s remorse

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17
Q

Many managers have altered their management styles in an effort to motivate minority and female employees MOST LIKELY as a result of ever changing _____ characteristics of the workforce. (ch 18)

A

Demographic

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18
Q

Which of the following is NOT an effect of global economic and political forces one very organization’s activities? (ch 18)

a. the failure to exploit low-cost inputs abroad
b. the creation of more powerful unions
c. the development of new technology that can erode a company’s competitive advantage
d. the rise of low-cost foreign competitors

A

b. the creation of more powerful unions

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19
Q

T/F Group members may unite to preserve the status quo and to protect their interests at the expense of other groups. (ch 18)

A

True

20
Q

_____ is the first step in action research. (ch 18)

A

Diagnosing the organization

21
Q

_____ is gradual, incremental, and narrowly focused. (ch 18)

A

Evolutionary change

22
Q

T/F When change causes power struggles and organizational conflict, there is less likelihood of resistance to the change. (ch 18)

A

False

23
Q

T/F Total quality management (TQM) promotes revolutionary organizational change. (ch 18)

A

False

24
Q

T/F Reengineering focuses on business functions and not business processes. (ch 18)

A

False

25
Q

A new supermarket is opening next to an older supermarket. While the older supermarket has been in the community for fifty years, the new one has much more room and can therefore carry more products than the older one. With what force of change will the older store MOST LIKELY have to deal? (ch 18)

A

Competitive

26
Q

T/F Organization change is a series of techniques and methods for increasing the adaptability of organizations. (ch 18)

A

False

27
Q

all of the following are group impediments to change EXCEPT _____. (ch 18)

a. group habit
b. group cohesiveness
c. groupthink
d. group norms

A

Group habit

28
Q

T/F Group members might resist change because change could cause groups to develop new sets of norms. (ch 18)

A

True

29
Q

_____ is implemented by employees at low levels in the organization. (ch 18)

A

Bottom-up change

30
Q

_____ is the successful use of skills and resources to create new technologies or goods and services that respond to customer needs. (ch 18)

A

Innovation

31
Q

Which of the following will NOT increase the resistance to organizational change? (ch 18)

a. weak organizational norms
b. escalation of commitment
c. groupthink
d. group cohesiveness

A

a. weak organizational norms

32
Q

What are the two dilemmas of negotiation? (ch 13)

A

Honesty and Trust

33
Q

T/F Interpersonal conflict and intergroup conflict are caused by differentiation, task relationships, and scarcity of resources. (ch 13)

A

True

34
Q

_____ is an intense form of referent power. (ch 13)

A

Charismatic power

35
Q

T/F During the stage of felt conflict, the conflict usually escalates as parties battle over the cause of the problem. (ch 13)

A

False

36
Q

Power is BEST defined as the ability of _____. (ch 13)

A

One person or group to cause another person or group to do something they might not otherwise have done

37
Q

The owner of a company wants to avoid conflict at all costs. He makes sure his managers understood how important it is that there is never any conflict between employees. The manager is unaware that _____. (ch 13)

A

Conflict can lead to improved efficiency and is unavoidable

38
Q

Jim Bosley is a corporate manager for a large corporation. He has the authority to approve projects of the organization’s subsidiaries. He knows that his PRIMARY source of power is his ______. (ch 13)

A

Control over resources

39
Q

A zero-sum situation is also known by another name of a situation. Which of the following is that? (ch 13)

a. distributive
b. integrative
c. none of the above
d. negotiating
e. win-win

A

a. distributive

40
Q

T/F Competition for scarce resources produce conflict. (ch 13)

A

True

41
Q

Which of the following is NOT a source of informal individual power? (ch 13)
information, charismatic, expert, referent

A

Information

42
Q

T/F Formal individual power is the power that stems from a person’s position in an organization’s hierarchy. (ch 13)

A

True

43
Q

The problems caused by _____ can often arise when a growing organization has not yet fully worked out relationships between different groups. (ch 13)

A

Overlapping authority

44
Q

According to Pondy’s model, during the _____ stage one party decides how to react to or deal with the party that it sees as the source of the conflict, and both parties try to hurt each other and thwart each other’s goals. (ch 13)

A

Manifest conflict

45
Q

T/F Informal individual power stems from personal characteristics. (ch 13)

A

True

46
Q

BATNA stands for … (ch 13)

A

Best alternative to a negotiated agreement