Final

Question 1

T/F Groupthink occurs in cohesive groups whose members strive for agreement at the expense of accurately assessing information relevant to the decision. (ch 15)

Answer 1

True

Question 2

One of the assumptions of the classical model of decision making is that _____. (ch 15)

Answer 2

decision makers have all the information needed to make optimal decisions

Question 3

_____ is the process by which members of an organization choose a specific course of action to respond to problems and opportunities. (ch 15)

Answer 3

Decision Making

Question 4

Total quality management includes the two group decision-making techniques of _____. (ch 15)

Answer 4

benchmarking and empowerment

Question 5

_____ are the rules of thumb that help people simplify decision making. (ch 15)

Answer 5

Heuristics

Question 6

Organizational members often engage in _____; that is, they search for and choose acceptable responses to opportunities and problems. (ch 15)

Answer 6

Satisficing

Question 7

The _____ reflects the tendency to determine the frequency of an event and its causes by how easy these events and causes are to remember. (ch 15)

Answer 7

Availability Heuristic

Question 8

A family took a summer vacation in Florida. Unfortunately for them it was unseasonably chilly, and they had not brought any blankets or warm clothing. If a representativeness heuristic was used, the family would be MOST LIKELY to _____. (ch 15)

Answer 8

Pack warm clothes and blankets for every future vacation no matter the destination or time of year

Question 9

T/F When the Delphi technique is used, group members do NOT meet face to face. (ch 15)

Answer 9

True

Question 10

The administrative decision-making model is BEST described as _____. (ch 15)

Answer 10

Descriptive

Question 11

T/F Groups allow for the creation of synergy-the idea that the whole equals to the sum of its parts. (ch 15)

Answer 11

False

Question 12

T/F An example of the value of diversity to group decision-making is auto manufacturers including women and foreign designers on their teams. (ch 15)

Answer 12

True

Question 13

T/F Escalation of commitment is rare in organizations but is more common in people’s personal lives. (ch 15)

Answer 13

False

Question 14

T/F Decisions are made in response to either problems or opportunities. (ch 15)

Answer 14

True

Question 15

When it comes to group decision making, teams that include members _____ are MOST LIKELY to provide the best decisions because they will consider different points of view. (ch 15)

Answer 15

who are diverse in terms of age, gender, or race

Question 16

_____ is an emotional condition in which a person feels doubt and regret about a decision that involves purchasing or winning some high-priced product. (ch 15)

Answer 16

Buyer’s remorse

Question 17

Many managers have altered their management styles in an effort to motivate minority and female employees MOST LIKELY as a result of ever changing _____ characteristics of the workforce. (ch 18)

Answer 17

Demographic

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an effect of global economic and political forces one very organization’s activities? (ch 18)

a. the failure to exploit low-cost inputs abroad
b. the creation of more powerful unions
c. the development of new technology that can erode a company’s competitive advantage
d. the rise of low-cost foreign competitors

Answer 18

b. the creation of more powerful unions

Question 19

T/F Group members may unite to preserve the status quo and to protect their interests at the expense of other groups. (ch 18)

Answer 19

True

Question 20

_____ is the first step in action research. (ch 18)

Answer 20

Diagnosing the organization

Question 21

_____ is gradual, incremental, and narrowly focused. (ch 18)

Answer 21

Evolutionary change

Question 22

T/F When change causes power struggles and organizational conflict, there is less likelihood of resistance to the change. (ch 18)

Answer 22

False

Question 23

T/F Total quality management (TQM) promotes revolutionary organizational change. (ch 18)

Answer 23

False

Question 24

T/F Reengineering focuses on business functions and not business processes. (ch 18)

Answer 24

False

Question 25

A new supermarket is opening next to an older supermarket. While the older supermarket has been in the community for fifty years, the new one has much more room and can therefore carry more products than the older one. With what force of change will the older store MOST LIKELY have to deal? (ch 18)

Answer 25

Competitive

Question 26

T/F Organization change is a series of techniques and methods for increasing the adaptability of organizations. (ch 18)

Answer 26

False

Question 27

all of the following are group impediments to change EXCEPT _____. (ch 18)

a. group habit
b. group cohesiveness
c. groupthink
d. group norms

Answer 27

Group habit

Question 28

T/F Group members might resist change because change could cause groups to develop new sets of norms. (ch 18)

Answer 28

True

Question 29

_____ is implemented by employees at low levels in the organization. (ch 18)

Answer 29

Bottom-up change

Question 30

_____ is the successful use of skills and resources to create new technologies or goods and services that respond to customer needs. (ch 18)

Answer 30

Innovation

Question 31

Which of the following will NOT increase the resistance to organizational change? (ch 18)

a. weak organizational norms
b. escalation of commitment
c. groupthink
d. group cohesiveness

Answer 31

a. weak organizational norms

Question 32

What are the two dilemmas of negotiation? (ch 13)

Answer 32

Honesty and Trust

Question 33

T/F Interpersonal conflict and intergroup conflict are caused by differentiation, task relationships, and scarcity of resources. (ch 13)

Answer 33

True

Question 34

_____ is an intense form of referent power. (ch 13)

Answer 34

Charismatic power

Question 35

T/F During the stage of felt conflict, the conflict usually escalates as parties battle over the cause of the problem. (ch 13)

Answer 35

False

Question 36

Power is BEST defined as the ability of _____. (ch 13)

Answer 36

One person or group to cause another person or group to do something they might not otherwise have done

Question 37

The owner of a company wants to avoid conflict at all costs. He makes sure his managers understood how important it is that there is never any conflict between employees. The manager is unaware that _____. (ch 13)

Answer 37

Conflict can lead to improved efficiency and is unavoidable

Question 38

Jim Bosley is a corporate manager for a large corporation. He has the authority to approve projects of the organization’s subsidiaries. He knows that his PRIMARY source of power is his ______. (ch 13)

Answer 38

Control over resources

Question 39

A zero-sum situation is also known by another name of a situation. Which of the following is that? (ch 13)

a. distributive
b. integrative
c. none of the above
d. negotiating
e. win-win

Answer 39

a. distributive

Question 40

T/F Competition for scarce resources produce conflict. (ch 13)

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a source of informal individual power? (ch 13)
information, charismatic, expert, referent

Answer 41

Information

Question 42

T/F Formal individual power is the power that stems from a person’s position in an organization’s hierarchy. (ch 13)

Answer 42

True

Question 43

The problems caused by _____ can often arise when a growing organization has not yet fully worked out relationships between different groups. (ch 13)

Answer 43

Overlapping authority

Question 44

According to Pondy’s model, during the _____ stage one party decides how to react to or deal with the party that it sees as the source of the conflict, and both parties try to hurt each other and thwart each other’s goals. (ch 13)

Answer 44

Manifest conflict

Question 45

T/F Informal individual power stems from personal characteristics. (ch 13)

Answer 45

True

Question 46

BATNA stands for … (ch 13)

Answer 46

Best alternative to a negotiated agreement