Final Flashcards
Acids
Can dissolve metals and neutralize bases
Base
Neutralize acids
Strong acids
Dissociates completely in water( no equilibrium)
What are the 6 strong acids and the extra one
HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, HBr, HI, HCLO4,!
(H3O+ is also a strong acid)
Strong base definition
Dissociates completely in water( no equilibrium)
What are the strong bases
NaOH, KOH, LiOH, RbOH, Ba(OH)2
What group is strong bases
Group 1 and 2 metals and hydroxide
Arrhenius (acids)
Substances that, when dissolve in water increases [H+]
Arrhenius( bases)
Substances that dissolve completely in water,[OH-]
Bronsted -Lowry (Acid)
Proton donor and must have a removable(acidic) proton (H+) that can separate H in front
Bronsted-Lowry (bases)
Proton acceptor and must have a pair of no binding electrons
Definition Amphoteric species
Can act as an acid or base
Example of amphoteric species
Water
Conjugate acid
Has a base
Conjugate base
Acid
Conjugate is on which side
Product side
H3O+ will never be a base or acid
Base
OH- will never be a acid or base
Acid
Polyprotic acid
Acid that has more than one H+ to donate
Examples of polyprotic acid is
H2SO4, H3BO3, H3PO4
What is the [H+] of a 0.25 M of a HCL solution
0.25 ( because it’s a strong)
What is the [OH-] of a 1.3 Msolution of NaOH
1.3 M
Ka
Acid
kB
Bases
List acids by increasing strength
Larger Ka
Auto ionization
When water acts as an acid or base with itself
Equilibrium expression (calculate OH- if [H+] is 7.5x10^-5
KW=(H+)(OH-)
=KW/[H+]=OH-
The solution is basic if
[OH] is greater
The solution is acidic if
(H+) is greater
The solution is neutral if
They are the same
pH<7 it’s
Acidic
pH>7
Is basic
To find it it’s acidic basic or just rap you look at the..
pH
Weak base is
A anion that is a conjugate base of a weak acid
A strong acid or neutral idk how to put this
An anion that is the conjugate base of a strong acid is neutral
Solution is an acid when
H+ is bigger
Solution is basic when
OH is bigger
Buffer system
Aqueous solution that contains a weak acid or base and it’s conjugate
What does a buffer system do?
It resist a large changes in pH by neutralizing strong acid or base pair. The weka acid neutralizes an incoming strong base and the weka base neutralize an incoming strong acid
Buffer is written
Weak Acid and conjugate base( don’t worry about the cation)
Effective buffer (3)
-Most resistant to pH changes
- high concentration of acid and conjugate base)
-close to an equal amount of acid and conjugate base
Titration
Determining a concentration of an unknown
PH meter
Device that measures voltage and converts H+ into solution
To find pH
Use the sigmoidal curve to find at the equivalence point
Equivalence point
MolesA= molesB
Equivalence point of a strong acid/strong base will be at
7
Indicator
A substance usually a weak acid that undergoes a color change at a specific pH range
Endpoint
Just after the equivalence point and a great estimator for equivalence point
Neutralization
Base react with a acid to make water
If acid is strong pH is
Ph at equivalence point will be below 7
If base is strong ph at equivalence point Is
Above 7
What is a soluable compound
When a compound can be slightly soluable
Solubility in rice tables is
X
