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exci 253 final 2022 > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

kyphotic or lordotic are primary curves

A

kyphotic

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2
Q

what initiates the lumbar lordosis

A

becoming upright

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3
Q

what is the only curve a fetus has

A

kyphotic curve

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4
Q

what are the fundamental movements

A

supine
prone
rolling
quadruped
crawling

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5
Q

what are the transitional movements

A

sitting
kneeling
squatting

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6
Q

what are the functional mvts

A

vertical stance
gait

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7
Q

diff btw kyphotic and kyphosis

A

kyphotic is normal and kyphosis is more intense than normal curve

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8
Q

diff btw vertebral foramen and interverterbral foramen

A

vertebral is where spinal cord is and intervertebral is where the spinal nerves exit from

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9
Q

which vertebrae contain a transverse foramen and what passes there

A

cervical and vertebral a.

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10
Q

what does the atlas have more than normal c vertebraes and what mvt does it do

A

2 lateral masses
2 sup articular facet for occipital condyles
YES

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11
Q

what joint is atlantooccipital

A

condyloid

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12
Q

what is the lig of the axis b., what mvt does it do and what makes it unique

A

transverse atlantar lig, NO and dens

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13
Q

what lig can be damaged by whiplash

A

transverse atlantar lig

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14
Q

with what part of the thoracic vertebrae does the ribs articulate

A

head of rib with demi-facet on bodies
tubercle of rib on transverse process

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15
Q

where does the rotation occur on the thoracic vertebrae

A

at facet joints

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16
Q

what demi facet is connected to what demi facet

A

inf demifacet on sup vertebrae articulates w sup demi facet on inf vertebrae

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17
Q

what vertebrae has their facet joints on the sagittal plane

A

lumbar vertebrae

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18
Q

what forms the median sacral crest

A

spinous processes

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19
Q

what is the most prominent ant part of the sacrum

A

sacral promontory

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20
Q

at what level is the sacral hiatus

A

S5

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21
Q

what is the end of the sacral canal called

A

sacral cornu

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22
Q

what two ligaments form the interosseous sacroiliac lig

A

ventral and dorsal interosseous

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23
Q

what is spondylosis

A

umbrella term

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24
Q

what permits movement btw vertebral bodies

A

different fiber direction of the annulus fibrosis (spiral and oblique)

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25
Q

what is contained in the annulus fibrosis

A

nucleus pulposus

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26
Q

what is a degenerated disc

A

lost hydration

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27
Q

what is a bulging disc

A

pushing on rings but didn’t rupture yet

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28
Q

what is a herniated disc

A

pushed tru rings and ruptured

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29
Q

what is a thinning disc

A

doesn’t allow mvt and hurts a lot bc of b. on b. rubbing

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30
Q

what is a disc degeneration w osteophyte formation

A

b. extensions on body so no allowing of mvt and no ROM

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31
Q

what is spondylolysis

A

partial fx of parsinterarticularis will heal on its own

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32
Q

what is spondylolysthesis

A

complete bilateral fx of pars interarticularis

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33
Q

what connects the lig flavum

A

sup lamina to inf lamina

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34
Q

what connects the supraspinous lig

A

on top of spinous processes

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35
Q

what connects the ant and post longitudinal ligs

A

bodies sup and inf

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36
Q

what is on C7, T2, T3, T7, L4/L5, S2

A

C7: VERTEBRAL PROMINENS
T2: SUP ANGLE OF SCAPULA BONE
T3: MEDIAL BORDER
T7: INF ANGLE OF SCAP
L4/L5: IMAGINARY LINE BTW ILIAC CRESTS
S2: LINE ACROSS BOTH PSIS

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37
Q

what does sura, talus, pes, calx, planta mean

A

sura=calf
talus=ankle
pes=foot
calx=heel
planta=sole

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38
Q

what passes in the greater sciatic notch (7)

A

piriformis
sup/inf gluteal n. and vessels
sciatic n.
post femoral cutaneous n.
pudental n.
n. to obt internus
n. to quadratus femoris

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39
Q

what passes in the lesser sciatic notch (4)

A

obt internus
int. pudental vessels
pudental n.
n. to obturator internus

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40
Q

where is the intertrochanteric crest and line found

A

intertrochanteric crest is post and line is ant

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41
Q

where is the quadrate tubercle

A

along intertrochanteric crest and post

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42
Q

what line turns into med lip of linea aspera when its post

A

spiral line (ant)

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43
Q

what turns into the lat lip of linea aspera post

A

gluteal tuberosity

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44
Q

what tubercle is 1 cm from med epicpondyle of femur

A

adductor tubercle

45
Q

which is ant btw popliteal and patellar surface

A

patellar surface

46
Q

where is the malleolar groove on the tibia

A

post and distal

47
Q

what passes thru the malleolar groove

A

tib post and flexor digitorum longus tendons

48
Q

where is the talar facet compared to the malleolar fossa of fibula

A

sup and anterior to malleolar fossa

49
Q

what border forms the Y on the fibula

A

ant border

50
Q

what is the order of the border from ant to medial to post

A

ant, interosseous and post

51
Q

what lig of hip has an ant and post component

A

illiofemoral

52
Q

what are the boundaries of the ischiofemoral and pubofemoral lig

A

ischiofemoral: ischial spine to intertrochanteric fossa
pubofemoral: sup ramus of pubis to intertrochanteric line

53
Q

what ligament prevents hip hyperextension, lat rot and abduction

A

pubofemoral

54
Q

what are the angles of inclination

A

angle btw the shaft of femur and the neck of femur
coxa vara <120°
normal 120-135°
coxa valga >135°

55
Q

what angle of inclination is associated with walking on inner and outer edges of feet

A

inner is coxa vara
outer is coxa valga

56
Q

what are the angles of anteversion

A

femoral anteversion: walking with toes in (med epi is more post and lat epi is more ant)
femoral retroversion: walking with toes out (med epi is more ant and lat epi is more post)

57
Q

what helps w med stability of knee

A

MCL, sartorius, semi-tendinosus and gracilis

58
Q

diff btw MCL and LCL

A

MCL is longer, broader and flatter
LCL is shorter and round and attaches to head of fib

59
Q

what m. help w lat knee stability

A

tendon of biceps femoris, tendon of popliteus, iliotibial tract

60
Q

bursa btw LCL and ___

A

popliteus

61
Q

what lig supports the post knee joint

A

oblique popliteal lig

62
Q

what lig prevents internal tibia rot and ant glide of tibia on femur and limits knee hyperextension

A

ACL

63
Q

what lig prevents excessive tibial rotation and post glide of tibia
and is very important when walking down stairs or on steep incline

A

PCL

64
Q

what are the horns of the meniscus attached to

A

intercondylar eminences

65
Q

what meniscus is round and whihc is c shaped

A

round: lat
c shaped; med

66
Q

what is the knee joint capsule stabilized by

A

oblique popliteal lig. arcuate popliteal lig and med/lat patellar retinaculum

67
Q

what bursae is the most problematic one and what bursae are deep to tendon

A

prepatellar is problematic
and supra patellar and infrapatellar are deep

68
Q

what joint does df and pf and abd (what type and what degrees)

A

talocrural
hinge
dorsi 20°
pf 50°
abd 16°

69
Q

what joint does inv and ever, what type of joint is it and what bones does it involved

A

talocalcaneal
gliding
talus calcaneous

70
Q

how many degrees can the foot pronate and supinate

A

pronate 15-30°
supinate 45-60°

71
Q

what tendons pass on top of the calcaneofibular lig

A

fibularis longus and brevis

72
Q

what lig is med to tib ant tendon

A

ant tibiotalar lig

73
Q

what lig does Tom dick and harry pass on top of

A

post tibiotalar lig

74
Q

what is the plantar fascia continuous with

A

lower leg m.

75
Q

what is the other name for the spring lig

A

calcaneonavicular lig.

76
Q

what are the boundaries of the lesser true pelvis

A

upper pelvic aperture
sacral promontory to symphysis pubis
arcuate pubic lig to post tip of coccyx
laterally bound by ischial tuberostities

77
Q

what are the boundaries of the greater false pelvis

A

above pelvis aperture to iliac crests

78
Q

diff btw pubic arch of men and women

A

men: <90°
women >90°

79
Q

which retinaculum is continuous

A

inferior fibular retinaculum w inf extension retinaculum

80
Q

what is the order med to lat of tom dick and harry under foot

A

Tom harry dick

81
Q

what is the order med to lat of tom dick and harry on leg

A

dick tom harry

82
Q

what is the order med to lat of tom dick and harry behind med malleolus

A

tom dick, post tibial a. tibial n., harry

83
Q

1st layer (superficial)

A

abd hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis and abd digiti minimi

84
Q

2nd layer

A

quadratus plantae
flexor hallucis longus tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, lumbricals

85
Q

3rd layer

A

flexor hallucis brevis
add hallucis
flexor digit minimi

86
Q

4th layer (deepest)

A

plantar and dorsal interrossei

87
Q

what n. does the saphenous branch off of and where does it travel

A

femoral n. and saphenous stays med superficial leg

88
Q

what nerves come from lumbar plexus

A

illiohypogastric, ilioinguinal, genitofemoral, lat femoral cutaneous, femoral and obturator

89
Q

what nerves come from scaral plexus

A

inf and sup gluteal n. and sciatic

90
Q

what 2 nerves join to form sural and where do they come from

A

med sural cutaneous (tibial) and lat sural cutaneous (common fibular)

91
Q

what arteries supply the post thigh

A

perforating arteries (thru magnus) from femoral

92
Q

what artery follows the deep fibular n.

A

ant tibial a.

93
Q

what a. passes thru add canal

A

femoral to become popliteal

94
Q

what a. follow the tibial n.

A

post tibial a.

95
Q

what a. follows the fibula and stays post

A

fibular a.

96
Q

which v is the lat one that dumps into femoral

A

great saphenosu

97
Q

what passes thru the saphenous opening and what closes this opening off

A

the great saphenous v. and cribriform fascia

98
Q

what v. stays med and does go up further than the popliteal v.

A

small saphenous v.

99
Q

insertion of glute max

A

iliotibial tract of tfl and gluteal tuberosity of femur

100
Q

action of tfl

A

flex and abd hip

101
Q

insertion and action of pectineus

A

pectineal line btw lesser trochanter and linea aspera
flexion and add

102
Q

action of gracilis

A

add thigh
flex and med rot knee

103
Q

insertion of biceps femoris

A

head of fibula and lat condyle of tibia

104
Q

o of tib ant, ext hallucis longus and ext digitorum longus

A

tib ant: lat condyle and shaft of tibia and im
ext hall longus: ant surface of fibula and im
extdigit longus: lat condyle of tibia, ant surface of fibula and im

105
Q

o of soleus m

A

head of fibula and soleal line of tibia

106
Q

popliteus o, ins, ac

A

lat condyle of femur
prox tibia above popliteal line
flex and med rot of knee and help unlock extended knee

107
Q

o flexor digit longus and flex hallucis longus

A

flexor digitorum longus: post surface of tibia
flex hallucis longus: distal 2/3 of fibula

108
Q

o fibularis longus

A

head and prox 2/3 of fibula

109
Q

a lumbricals

A

flex prox phalanges of digits2-5
ext middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

exci 253 final 2022 (2 decks)

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