Final Flashcards
Three Hazards used to Characterize Disasters
Man-made accidental
Man-made deliberate
Natural Hazard
These major events provide an opportunity to explore effects on emergency management which may result in changes in law, policies, and processes
Focusing Event
The first-year congress provided financial aid for disaster relief
1803
How many laws congress passed related to disasters between 1803 and 1947
128
Prior to the 1950’s disaster relief was left to charity, neighbors, and the community
True
Founded in 1881 by Clara Barton and funded by congress in 1900
American Red Cross
The deadliest non-pandemic disaster in the US was a hurricane that hit this Texas City
Galveston
The four phases of disaster relief
Preparation, Mitigation, Response, Recovery
1906, deadliest earthquake in US history mislabeled as a fire
San Fransisco Earthquake
The origins of this pandemic are not exactly known but is believed to have begun in southwest Kansas
The influenza pandemic of 1918
Establishes a comprehensive, national, all-hazards approach to domestic incident response
National Response Framework (NRF)
The disaster that led to California adopting legislation addressing seismic hazards
Long Beach Earthquake of 1933
The greatest natural
disaster to befall the U.S. in terms of total human misery and suffering
Great Mississippi Flood of 1927
The worst ecological disaster in US History
The Dust Bowl
Authorized in 1934 by Congress to grant loans to rebuild public facilities damaged by
disaster.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Emergency management first developed as a practice in 1950
- Incorrect, emergency management as a profession has evolved gradually over the past century with the
most notable changes occurring since 1950.
This 1928 act of Congress provided for a partnership between the federal and local governments
for the construction and maintenance of stormwater control structures.
Flood Control Act of 1928
A Texas disaster is considered the first example of a disaster called a Failure of Complex Systems
Texas City Explosions
The protection of civilian centers in the case of an enemy attack
Civil Defense
In 1950 Congress passed the law considered to be the most significant general federal disaster assistance policy adopted in the nation’s history up to this date.
Federal Disaster Relief Act of 1950
This disaster on March 27, 1964, changed federal disaster relief policy radically.
1964 Alaskan Earthquake
This 1968 law authorized the federal government to provide flood insurance to property owners on the condition that local governments adopt regulations specifying the requirements of that insurance.
National flood insurance Program
The 1974 law that sought to reorient federal disaster policy to ensure that state and local
governments would exercise the lead role in emergency management.
The disaster relief act
This agency was created on April 1, 1979, by President Carter and was given the responsibility over a wide range of emergency management functions.
FEMA
A mutual aid agreement and partnership among states designed to help them collectively and cooperatively address the threat of disaster.
Emergency Management Assistance Compact
The two types of federal disaster declarations are?
Major disaster declaration
Emergency declaration
This event was declared as a federal disaster even though it was not like any other natural or man-made disaster that had been similarly declared.
The Cuban Mariel Boatlift
The bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in this city was one of two significant
domestic terrorist attacks in the 1990s.
Oklahoma City
This 1988 law authorized disaster mitigation in the form of post-disaster federal assistance dedicated directly to proposed disaster mitigation projects.
The Stafford Act
This 1989 disaster was the first earthquake that resulted in more than $1 billion in FEMA spending.
Loma Prieta Earthquake
The largest terrorist attack in U.S. history. This disaster resulted in more than 3,000
deaths.
9/11
Replaced the fragmented response plans developed and in place as of 2001.
National Response Plan
Established a national standard for the uniform adoption of the Incident Command System (ICS) which was developed to coordinate resources in response to wildfires.
National Incident Management System (NIMS)
This 2005 disaster resulted in more than 1800 deaths and $100 billion in damages and was considered a failure from a response and recovery perspective.
Hurricane Katrina
This disaster required the most resources (ex. people and equipment) of any disaster in history. The response phase to this disaster lasted months.
Deepwater horizon oil spill
A report that provides decision makers a quick understanding of the current
emergency situation and provides meaning or context and not just facts.
Situation Report
A designation under the National Contingency Plan (NCP) that, among other things, allows the president to appoint a National Incident Commander (NIC).
Spill of National Significance
Preventing future emergencies or minimizing their effects.
Mitigation
Includes actions taken to save lives and prevent further property damage in an emergency situation.
Response
Includes actions taken to return to normal or an even safer situation following an emergency.
Recovery
Evacuation plans and stocking food and water are both examples of what happens in
this phase of a disaster.
Preparedness
Identify the five major ICS functional areas.
Command, Operations, logistics, Planning, and finance
These three positions are part of the Incident Commander’s command staff
Public information officer, liaison officer, and safety officer
The Incident Commander is the only position that is always staffed in ICS applications. True or false?
True
A physical or virtual location where staff from multiple agencies come together to address imminent threats and hazards
Emergency Operations Center
