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Journalism > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

why is news reported

A

because people want to know what is happening

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2
Q

how is news reported

A

the most important part is the outcome so that is where journalists start

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3
Q

inverted pyramid

A

no chronological order, tell info in the order of importance

  • lead
  • most newsworthy info 5w’s and H
  • important details
  • general info and details
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4
Q

lead

A

the oppening sentence of the paragraph of a news article summerizing the most important aspects of a story

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5
Q

2 big questions to ask in the planning phase

A

who is your audience and how are they getting their news

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6
Q

what should you know about your audience

A

how they get their news, what they are interested in and how much time will they spend.

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7
Q

diffrent types of stories

A 
preview+ recap
investigate
speech+ event
feature
updates
briefs
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8
Q

steps to reporting

A

most newsworthy 5w’s and H
important details
other general info

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9
Q

how longg should a lead be

A

1-2 sentences or 35 words

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10
Q

what paragraph should the 5 w’s be in

A

nut graph

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11
Q

what questions should you not ask

A

close ended or yees or no

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12
Q

double page spread

A

2 facing pages designed as one unit

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13
Q

pica

A

a printers unit of measurement used primarilly in type setting; one pica equals about 1//6 of an inch or 12 points

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14
Q

dominant photo

A

a photo that commands the readers attention on a spread by size or importance

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15
Q

type

A

printed letters or characters

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16
Q

headline

A

type set in larger point size, usually 14 points or higher and placed above the story to attract the readers attention and provide information about a stories
or spreads content

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17
Q

subhead

A

a small headline used to divide a copy or small headline or deck that appears below the main headline; also known as secondary headline

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18
Q

body copy

A

the text of the main story

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19
Q

caption

A

3-4 sentences that describe a photo-ABCD formula

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20
Q

photo credits

A

giving credit to the photographer. we italicize this information after the caption

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21
Q

internal margin

A

the amount of space between all elements on the spread; often one pica, it should be consistent throughout the spread

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22
Q

eyeline

A

horizontal line. actual or implied running across a spread above or below the exact center to create unity

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23
Q

folio

A

page number on a yearbooks spread; accompanying words or phrases identifying the content are called folio tabs

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24
Q

gutter, column gutter

A

the vertical space between the inside margins of facing pages

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25
Q

bleed

A

extension of images, graphics, or backgrounds beyond the trim marks on the edges of a page, leaving no white margin

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26
Q

white space

A

the absence of elements in an area on a spread

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27
Q

template

A

pages already set up in a desighn program either by walsworth or a staffs desighners to be modified and saved by designer’s without affecting the original template.

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28
Q

style guide

A

a set of established rules governing the production of the book so that desighn, fonts,colors, copy, theme, etc. will be consistent throughout the book

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29
Q

flag

A

the name of the paper set in special type

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30
Q

cutline

A

also called a caption; informatio about the photo

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31
Q

byline

A

the reporters name often followed by credentials

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32
Q

tagline

A

the contact information for the reporter, enables readers to provide feedback

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33
Q

dateline

A

gives the location of a story that occured outside the papers usual cover area

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34
Q

infographic

A

informaional graphic that displays key facts from the story in a visual way

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35
Q

photo credits

A

a line giving the photographers name. often adds he name of the paper that they wok for

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36
Q

centerpiece

A

also called the lead story; the top story for the day gets the biggest headline and is on page 1.

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37
Q

attribution

A

a phase that tells readers the source of a quote or the source information used in the story

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38
Q

teaser

A

desighned to grab the readers attention so they’ll buy the paper and read the story in a diffrent section of the paper

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39
Q

refer

A

this alerts the readers that thers another story on the same topic in another part of the newspaper

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40
Q

serif

A

a serif font has tiny strokes or serifs at the end of each letter

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41
Q

sans serif

A

a sans serif font has no stroke or serifs

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42
Q

prieviews and recaps

A

telling the audience what is coming or what just happened

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43
Q

invertigative stories

A

dig deeper into the why behind the what

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44
Q

speech and event stories

A

cover live events as that happen

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45
Q

briefs

A

very short, one paragraph can sum it all up

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46
Q

accuracy

A

when both sides may not be equal and you have to use your best judgment to accurately report both sides

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47
Q

objectivity

A

is being fair and not putting your opinion in news

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48
Q

balance

A

is making sure you have an equal number of facts and opinions from both sides.

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49
Q

editorializing

A

is putting your own opinions or beliefs in your work

50
Q

3 things that news must be

A

informative, interesting, fair

51
Q

timelessness

A

harder hitting stories and important developments in a story that would loose their newsworthiness if not reported as soon as possible

52
Q

proximity

A

refers to the physical or emotional closeness of a news story to a media outlets audience and helps the readers to relate.

53
Q

impact

A

refers to the shock or wow factor of a news story and generally requires a story to affect a large group in a large way.

54
Q

conflict

A

refers to conflict or dispute between two parties. often encourages audience to pick a side therefore becoming more emotionally invested

55
Q

prominence/ celebrity

A

if they are well-known then it is deemed newsworthy

56
Q

oddity/novelty

A

things that are out of the ordinary

57
Q

currency

A

when a particular story or theme is already being covered by media and further developments or side stories are likely to be appreciated

58
Q

rule of thirds

A

places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open

59
Q

fill the frame

A

fill your photograph with more of the subject

60
Q

photographers angle/POV

A

where the photographer is standing, not a tilted photo. Birds eye view and worms eye view can be used

61
Q

leading lines

A

features line shapes that draw the viewers eye to the intended subject

62
Q

scale

A

the proportion of elements and how they relate to each other in terms of size distance etc

63
Q

framing

A

uses elements of scene to create a frame within a frame

64
Q

lighting

A
  • can change the composition of a photo
  • can direct the viewers eye to a certain aspect of the photo
  • lighting is the dark and light areas of aphoto and the illumination of scenes
65
Q

contrasting light and dark

A
  • adds dimension to image

- lighting contrast is the difference between the lightest light and the darkest dark

66
Q

patterns

A

repetition of color, lines, shapes, tones

67
Q

texture

A
  • visual quality of the surface of an object

- brings life to an image

68
Q

what determines if something is news

A
  • is it informative
  • are the creators clearly identified
  • does it rely on facts
  • is it objective
  • is it timely
69
Q

what are the 4 parts of a caption

A

A-attention getter/lead in
B-basic info. explain what is happening in the photo in present tense. 5w’s and H
C- complementary info-second sentence is often past tence and gives background info about photo or situation. Gives interesting info
D- direct quote

70
Q

Newspaper captions?

A

B and C. some online is just B

71
Q

yearbook caption types.

A 
identification-list names of individuals in photo
summary- generally follow B guideline
expanded- follow guidelined B and C
Quote follow B, C, and D.
Everyone has A
72
Q

good color

A

use bright colors to draw attention and follow a theme

73
Q

leading lines

A

lead into the image or into a key point in the image

74
Q

fil the frame

A

you can get as close, zoom in, and focus on a subject. this helps to eliminate distracting backgrounds

75
Q

objects

A

can tell a story. dont use random ones that dont have meaning. make objects more exciting by using creative composition

76
Q

background

A

use creative BG that do not distract from the main focus.

77
Q

what is the first and last question that you ask

A
  • can i record

- correctly spell name and contact info

78
Q

how should you prepare for an interview

A

prepare questions and do your research

79
Q

what informatin do you always need to get from your source(school publication)

A

graduation year

80
Q

audio

A

sound heard on tv

81
Q

video

A

images scene on TV

82
Q

sound bite

A

a recorded comment from a news source, usually audio and video

83
Q

track

A

audio recording of a reporter narrating a story

84
Q

b-roll

A

video images shot at a news scene that are latter used to illustrate a sound bite or reporters track that was recorded separately

85
Q

stand up

A

a short of a reporter at a news scene talking into the camera, if it is live, it is called a live shot

86
Q

package

A

prepared by reporter usually taped, featuring reporters track, one or more sound bites and often a stand up

87
Q

anchor intro

A

the lead, read by the anchor, introduces the package.

88
Q

bridge

A

a stand up that moves the story from one angle to another

89
Q

toss

A

whats said as one anchor or reporter hands off to another

90
Q

on cam

A

in-camera

91
Q

vo voice-over

A

when the anchor speaks over the video

92
Q

SOT sound-on tape

A

a recorded sound bite played during a story

93
Q

Rundown

A

the order in which stories will apear during newscast

94
Q

prompter

A

a device that procects news script in front of the camera lens for the anchor to read

95
Q

talking head

A

a person being interviewed

96
Q

reader

A

basic type. anchor reads newscript while looking at camera. often over the shoulder graphic identifies topic with an image or caption.

97
Q

voice over to sound

A

seiges from a VO into soundbite- usually brief edited comment from newsmaker

98
Q

package

A

complete story by reporter usually combining sound bites, voice-overs and stand-ups

99
Q

NAT sound

A

natural sound, the sound that is recorded from the camera

100
Q

SFX

A

sound effects, sounds other than music or voice overs

101
Q

ws

A

wide shot. shows location of where you are filming

102
Q

MS

A

medium shot. camera is physically moved or zoomed into about midsection of the person being filmed

103
Q

cu

A

close up. camera physically moved or zoomed into a close shot of the persons face

104
Q

ECU

A

extreme close up

-usually on eyes or mouth

105
Q

OTS

A

over the shoulder. behind the head and shoulders of one of the subjects to show a conversation between two people

106
Q

LS

A

Long shot. placed at a distance from focal point. often for depth

107
Q

POV

A

Point of view. Takes the place of a persons eyes to make viewers feel as if they are experiencing the camera action

108
Q

What goes on each side of a script

A

left- video descriptions, abreviations and special instructions, graphic formatting, can include how you want ppl to be positioned
right-audio script should be exact and have every word that you want to be included. music instructions, sound effects.

109
Q

what is the first step to learning to write for broadcast

A

unlearn all the rules of writing that every enlish teache rhas taught you since the third grade. the symplistic writing of first and second grade is now your goal

110
Q

basic rule of thumb for broadcasting

A

one subject per sentence one theme per story.

111
Q

why keep broadcast simple

A
  • your voice is there one second and gone the next.
    -you can’t reread and break it down for them
    you can’t back up the spoken word
112
Q

2 reasons broadcast must be in a conversational tone

A
  • veiwers/listeners must be able to follow what you are saying
  • using lofty words or phrases, and sentence strucrtures just makes the veiwer work harder to comprehend and in doing so the veiwer risks loosing track of the continual stream of information.
113
Q

four ways that broadcasting writing is similar to storytelling

A
  • simple
  • conversational, one on one tone
  • structured (begining, middle, end)
  • painted word pictures to stimulate imagination
114
Q

active voice

A

a sentence is AV if the reciever(object) of the berbs action follows the verb. Subject-verb-object strucure almost garentees AV

115
Q

advantages of active voice

A
  • straight line meaning
  • tighter copy fewer words
  • complete reporting
  • more interesting copy
116
Q

what is the lead and its function

A

the opening of a story. it is ment to get the readers attention. it is the first thing in your story

117
Q

what is the quote transition style of writing

A

it is a style of writing where you structure your article going lead, nut graph, quote transition, quote, transition, quote

118
Q

what is nut graph and its purpose

A

second para in article and tells 5 w’s and H

119
Q

things to remember about broadcast writing

A
  • use a friendlier and more conversational tone
  • short, simple, and easy to follow
  • don’t structure in inverted pyramid
  • use present tense as often as possible
  • contractions are ecceptable
  • attributions+quotes need diffrent treatment
  • phonetic pronunciation
  • use punctuation to hinder delivery
  • avoid abbreviations and symbols
120
Q

script

A

the written text of a stage placed screen play or broadcast specifically the ones used in the production or performance

121
Q

storyboard

A

a panell of scenes or paners on which a set of sketches is arranged depicting consecutively the important changes of scene and action in a series of shots. a visual script or a plan of the camera shots that will tell the story.

Journalism (1 decks)

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