Final Flashcards
Explain the distinction between using an Occupation as Means vs. End:
Occupation as a Means:
• Occupation is used in intervention to help client work toward their goal.
Occupation as an End:
• Prepatory interventions, tasks, activities, or other types of interventions are used to reach those particular goals.
What makes up the Intervention Process?
3 Steps:
1) Plan: based on Evidence, Theory, & FORs.
2) Implementation: target identified outcomes/goals.
3) Review: The intervention plan & any progress toward outcomes/goals.
What factors does the OT take into account when creating the Intervention Plan?
Client's • Performance Skills & Patterns • Goal • Values • Health • Surrounding Context & Environment
What should be determined along with Goals?
- Relevant time frame.
* Outcome measures to analyze progress toward goal.
What factors does the OT need to determine when forming the Intervention Plan?
- Goals
- Outcome Measures
- Intervention Approaches
- Service Delivery Models
- Relevant Time Frame for intervention
- Discharge needs
What does it mean for the OT to create, promote?
“Assumed disability will not interfere with performance; provides enriched activity experience that enhances performance for all persons.”
E.g., Developing a fatigue management program for a client recently diagnosed with MS.
What does it mean for the OT to Establish, Restore (remediation, restoration)?
“Changes client variables to establish a new skill or restore an impaired skill.”
What does it mean for an OT to Maintain?
“Allows a client to Preserve performance capacities.”
What does it mean for an OT to Modify (compensation, adaptation)?
The OT “focuses on revising a context or activity.”
What does it mean for the OT to Prevent (disability prevention)?
“Clients with or without disiability; prevents occurrence in clients that are at risk for performance problems.”
Describe & give an example of Occupation Interventions Type:
• Description: Broad & specific daily life events that are personalized & meaningful to the client.
• E.g., Client completes morning dressing & hygiene using adaptive devices.
(Occupation as means)
Describe & give an example of Activities Intervention Type:
- Description: Components of occupations that are objective & separate from the client’s engagement or contexts.
- E.g., Client selects clothing & manipulates clothing fasteners in advance of dressing.
What are the 6 main types of OT interventions?
1) Occupations & Activities
2) Interventions
3) Virtual Interventions
4) Advocacy
4) Group Interventions
5) Education & Training
Explain the Occupation & Activities type of Intervention:
E.g.,
“Client makes a meal using adaptive devices.”
Explain the Interventions to Support Occupations type of intervention:
E.g.,
“OT Practitioner applies a heat pack to decrease pain & joint stiffness.”
Explain the Education type of intervention:
Imparting knowledge & info to help client acquire helpful behaviors, habits, routines.
E.g.,
“OT practitioner provides instruction to a caregiver on how to protect their back during transfers.”
Explain the Advocacy type of intervention:
E.g.,
“OT practitioner advocates to & collaborates with the local school board to get a handicap-accessible playground swing for his/her students.”
Explain the Group Interventions type of interventions:
E.g.,
“A communication skills group on an adolescent psych unit.”
Explain the Virtual Interventions type of intervention:
E.g.,
“OT Practitioner provides a telehealth session with a child & parent who are unable to travel to clinic.”
What are the steps of implementing the Outcome Measure Process?
1) Select the measure appropriate for client’s goals & situation.
2) Monitor progress, adjust goals & interventions, & modify plans for discharge.
Explain the Outcome: Occupational Performance
Act of doing & accomplishing a selected action, activity or occupation through improvement or enhancement.
Explain the Outcome: Improvement
Increased occupational performance through adaptation when a performance limitation is present.
Explain the Outcome: Enhancement
Development of performance skills & performance patterns that augment existing performance of life occupations when a performance limitation is not present.
Explain the Outcome: Prevention
Efforts designed to identify, reduce or prevent onset or incidence of unhealthy conditions.
Explain the Outcome: Health & Wellness
A state of physical, mental, & social well-being; providing resources for everyday life.
Explain the Outcome: Quality of Life
Life satisfaction; hope; self-concept; health & functioning.
Explain the Outcome: Participation
Engagement in occupations that are personally satisfying & congruent with cultural expectations.
Explain the Outcome: Role Competence
Ability to meet demand of roles a client engages in.
Explain the Outcome: Well-being
Contentment with one’s health, self-esteem, & roles; the total universe of human life domains.
Explain the Outcome: Occupational Justice
Access to and participation in the full range of meaningful & enriching occupations that are afforded to others.
What can an OT change to Upgrade or Downgrade an activity?
- Objects or tools
- Rules
- Supporting structures (adaptive equipment)
- Practitioner (use of prompts, facilitation)
- Environment (mimicking the actual occupation setting-home, work, store.. Are materials far or near)
- Process (steps of task–task demands)
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Resident reports pain in R shoulder when reaching to comb hair.
S
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Patient asked for help when it was needed during session.
S
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Client unable to communicate verbally due to expressive aphasia.
S
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Client did not speak without cueing.
S
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Resident does not clearly verbalize during treatment, but smiles & nods appropriately when asked questions.
S
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Mother reports difficulty with diapering & dressing the infant, stating, “He just gets all stiff & arches his back.”
S
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Pt. tearful throughout session, with little verbalization. Social worker reports pt.’s family just informed pt. they cannot care for her at home * that she will have to go to a skilled nursing facility.
S
What are the 4 important steps of writing the “O” in a SOAP note?
1) Begin with length, setting, & purpose.
2) Brief overview of key deficits affecting performance.
3) Summary of what was observed.
4) Be professional, concise, & specific.
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Pt. attempts to stand without locking w/c brakes raises safety concerns for falls during ADL transfers.
A
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Poor problem solving when using the stove raises safety concerns for staying home alone.
A
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Limited coping strategies for dealing with stress raise concerns for continuing to demonstrate self-destructive behaviors.
A
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Although pt expressed willingness to do ADL tasks, motor planning problems create a barrier to ADL task performance.
A
S.O.A.P. Which one?
Left-side neglect necessitates verbal cues to attend to left side during ADL tasks.
A
“Necessitates”
Format of the “A” in SOAP Notes?
Contributing factor > Impact > Ability to Engage in Occupation.
What distinguishes the “A” in SOAP Notes from the others?
The 3 Ps!
•Problems
• Progress
• Potential
Ps can be mentioned without using the direct P. E.g.,
• Problems = difficulty, deficits, lack of…
• Progress = …make difficult…, results in, affects, limits.
• Potential = ability, indicate, demonstrate,
Where need for continued OT services is mentioned.
