Final Flashcards
Which segment of the poultry industry contributes the greatest economic value?
Broilers
Which type of meat ranks second in world consumption?
Pork
Which country produces the most turkeys?
United States
What segment of the poultry industry is most efficient in turning poultry to feedstuff?
Broilers
What was the significance of sex linked crosses in 1928?
Allow for fast sexting of chicks
What breed is strictly for egg production and is not used for broiler production?
Leghorn
Households are more likely to hold a dog than a cat
T/f
True
Cats were first imported to America in 1871
t/f
False
Cats came with the first settlers to keep the rodent population down
t/f
True
Native Americans already had dogs before Spanish explorers came
t/f
True
Components of TDN
Protein, fiber, fat, NFE
Soybean meal is considered what?
A soybean supplement
Which cat breed is a mixture of many different American cats?
American short hair
Goat breed from the Alps
Alpine
Which species has no gall bladder?
Horse
Which hormone causes regression of C.L.
Prostaglandin
Black and white bunny with black butt
Dutch
Very small horse breed. Long crazy hair.
Shetland Pony
Big ear goat
Nubian
Where does fertilization take place in a cows reproductive tract?
Oviduct
Which species has the longest gestation period?
Horse
Rabbit breed with big floppy ears
English lop
Looks like a wiener dog
Daschound
What mating system is most popular in swine?
AI
Pig breed with white belt around shoulder
Hampshire
What dairy breed is most popular in the United States?
Holstein
How many beats does a canter have?
3
Black pig breed with some white on the face/nose
Berkshire
Where did domesticated rabbits come from?
Wild European rabbits
Beef breed that is furry, and some are belted
Galloway
All white rabbit breed
New Zeeland White
White rabbit breed with black nose and ears
Californian
Crazy sheep with 4 horns
Jacob Sheep
Fine wool sheep breed that is popular out west, can have curly horns
Rambouillet Sheep
Heritability
Percent of differences between animals due to genetics
Which system of breeding results in the least amount of heterosis?
2 way rotation
lignin is not a carbohydrate
t/f
True
Which vitamin contains nitrogen?
Niacin - All B vitamins
Original purpose for domesticating chickens
Cock fighting
Which feed component is highest in energy?
Fat
What is not considered a grain?
Soybeans - Is considered an oilseed instead of a grain
Which species has a digestive system most like humans?
Pigs
What demographic is least likely to have a companion animal?
People over 65
What hormone is produced by the C.L. to help maintain pregnancy?
Progesterone
What is the incubation period for chicken eggs?
21 days
Which species has the shortest gestation length
pigs, sheep, or horses
Sheep
What breed or mating method is used for domesticated turkeys?
AI
Sheep breed with black head and big ears
Suffolk
Which species is the science of genetics/improvement the least developed in?
Dogs
Black beef breed. Not many in the United States. Can have little hump on neck.
Brangus
What is the approximate percent of protein that is required in a dogs diet?
20%
h2
Percent difference in animals due to genetics
Which species utilizes forage most efficiently?
cattle, goats, sheep, or llamas
llamas
Which system of breeding results in the most heterosis?
3 breed terminal cross
Which fiber type is least digestible?
lignin
Sheep breed that can breed out of season. Can be polled or horned
Dorset
What is the percent of nitrogen concentration in protein?
16%
Which cat breed has the mad-cap personality. Dennis the menance. Big eyes and large pointy ears.
Devin Rex
Dairy breed with big hump on top on neck. Millions in Brazil.
Gyr
Which dog breed has moved up the most in rankings over the past 10 years?
Bulldogs
Which breed was the first to be crossed with the Texas Longhorn?
Shorthorns
Which state has the most beef cows?
Texas
At what age should beef heifers calve for the first time?
2 years
What kind of cows are feed the highest quality feeds?
Feedlot cattle
how much does it cost a year on average to keep a beef cow?
$600
What main byproduct of the ethanol industry is fed to cattle?
Distiller grains
Most of the country’s dairy farms are family owned of less than 200 cows.
t/f
True
What breed of dairy cattle was the second most popular by registration numbers in 1970?
Guernseys
When should dairy heifers be fed mostly grain?
During first 4 months of life
Which dairy breed is the most numerous in the united states?
Holestein
Which sense is the most developed in birds?
Sight
Which breed of sheep has the finest wool?
Merino
Rabbit meat tends to be high in fat
t/f
False
What is the leading country for production of rabbit meat?
China
What rabbit breed was developed to use in research?
Florida White
When mating rabbits the buck is always taken to the does cage
t/f
False
Which breed of rabbit is considered the best for meat production?
New Zeeland White
What are baby bunnies called?
Kits
Cats outnumber dogs as pets in the U.S.
t/f
True
The markets for meat rabbits are well established in Minnesota
t/f
False
Numbers of small dogs are increasing more rapidly than numbers of large dogs
t/f
True
The US cattle inventory peaked in 1975 and has since declined
t/f
True
Commercial laying hens are not genetically selected for show ring conformation in the U.S.
t/f
True
Eggs are high in vitamin C
t/f
False
Egg consumption has increased in the last few years because of the increasing Hispanic population.
t/f
True
. Geese can better utilize forage than turkeys or chickens
t/f
True
Chickens have a keener sense of taste than do humans.
t/f
False
The keel bone in chickens is similar to the pelvic bone in humans
t/f
False
Only about 2% of the dogs in the U.S. are registered with the AKC.
t/f
False
Chickens inhale by expanding their rib cage.
t/f
True
Minnesota ranks 8th among states for total milk produced
t/f
True
. A general goal is to breed dairy heifers so that they calve for the first time at 24 months of age.
t/f
True
What is the main genetic index used in the dairy industry called?
Net Merit
A bull calf born twin to a heifer calf is called a freemartin
t/f
False
Beef meat quality is more consistent than chicken quality in the U.S.
t/f
False
. Beef tends to be higher priced than chicken.
t/f
True
. The U.S. has more dogs and cats per capita than any other country.
t/f
True
Ninety percent of dogs in the U.S. reside in rural areas.
t/f
False
Dog and cat owners typically spend more on health care for their pets then for pet food.
t/f
True
What tends to be the most frustrating health problems for dog and cat owners?
Skin disorders
. Genetics does not influence dog behavior
t/f
False
What is the largest pet food company in the U.S.?
Nestle-Purina
South Dakota was the last state to outlaw cockfighting
t/f
False
What is the number one egg producing state?
Iowa
The commercial egg industry in the U.S. is dominated by the Rhode Island Red breed of chicken.
t/f
False
What kind of breeding system is used to produce commercial chickens in the U.S.?
four line terminal cross
. Chickens are most commonly sexed by the rapid feathering sex-linked trait.
t/f
True
. Chickens are most commonly sexed by the rapid feathering sex-linked trait.
t/f
True
When beak trimming chickens, about one-half of the upper beak is removed.
t/f
False
. The air cell increases in size as the eggs get older
t/f
True
. The broiler industry is centered around the southeast U.S.
t/f
True
. The Texas Longhorn originated in Australia.
t/f
False
Most beef calves in the Midwest are born August through October.
t/f
False
. About 80% of the beef cows in the U.S. are bred artificially.
t/f
False
Black in color, smooth hair coat, polled
Angus
Originated in England, polled variety started in Iowa in 1901
Hereford
Brought to North America in 1623. First purebred in N.A.
Devon
. Cattle brought over by Columbus may play a role in ancestry
Texas Longhorn
Closely related to zebu
Brahman
What is not a source of water loss from the body?
deamination
Which species do teeth continue to grow and may need to be filled?
Horse
Which species is most apt to get a hairball in their digestive tract?
cattle
Which production function is least efficient in utilization of energy
Fattening of beef cattle
What nutrient is not produced by rumen microbes?
Vitamin A
Which grain weighs the least per bushel?
Barley
As forage matures the % of what will decrease?
Crude fiber
What is not included in nitrogen-free extract
Protein
Metabolizable energy equals Net Energy plus what?
Heat increment
Where is the Pomeranian from?
Germany
In which country was a selection experiment conducted resulting in domesticated fox.
Russia
What is the best source of lighting for animal handling facilities?
skylights with diffuse shadow-free light
What is used to desensitize animals to handling procedures?
habitual learning
Which short-eared dairy goat breed was developed in the U.S.?
LaMancha
Which city is known as Porkopolis?
Cincinnati
Which country has the most sheep?
China
Which part of the pig’s digestive system goes relatively undeveloped in modern swine production?
cecum
What is the prominent muscle on the hind leg between the hock and stifle on a horse?
Gaskin
What is the easiest body part to observe to tell if an animal is a sheep or a goat?
Tail
Which part of the U.S. are the large scale sheep producers located?
West
What year were there the most sheep in the U.S.
1945
When does a lamb become mutton?
1 year of age
How many does can a mature buck usually service in one season?
150
How often are sheep usually sheared?
once per year
Which state has the most dairy goats?
Wisconsin
What is the main predator of sheep?
Coyotes
Which species has the greatest number of embryo transfer done in the U.S.?
Beef
Which species is the least amount of embryo transfers done?
Swine
Which hormone is used to “short cycle” cows or mares?
Prostaglandin
Which species has a gestation length of 114 days (3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days)?
Swine
Where is milk stored in the mammary gland prior to milk letdown?
Alveoli
As animals grow towards maturity, what plateaus last?
Fat
Which species has the highest percent protein in milk?
Cats
Which nutrient is most apt to limit reproduction in livestock species?
Energy
What is the primary precursor for milk fat in pigs?
glucose
What hormone became commercially available to the industry in 1994?
BST
Which dairy breed is from Scotland, and is known for vigor and health?
Ayrshire
Which dairy breed is from Switzerland, and is the second most numerous world wide?
Brown Swiss
Which dairy breed is from the Isle of Guernsey and has higher levels of beta Carotene in milk?
Guernsey
Which dairy breed is from Holland and is the most popular worldwide? Most milk per cow.
Holstein
Which dairy breed is from the Isle of Jersey, is the 2nd most popular in U.S?
Jersey
Which dairy breed has the highest % fat and protein in milk?
Jersey
Which dairy breed is from France?
Montbeliarde
Which dairy breed was developed for the tropics? 80% jersey, 15% Zebu, 5% Holstein
Jamaica Hope
Which dairy breed is from France and is heavier muscled than most dairy breeds?
Normande
Which dairy breed is the best for health, fertility, and longevity but is lower in milk production?
Normande
Which dairy breed is combined with Danish red and Finnish Ayrshire, and is popular for crossbreeding with holsteins?
Swedish Red and White
Which goat breed is from the Alps: Switzerland-France-U.S.?
Alpine
Which goat breed was developed in Oregon from Spanish breeds?
LaMancha
Which goat breed was developed in England, and is a English x African x Indian cross?
Nubian
Which goat breed is from Switzerland and its color is red bay?
Oberhasli
Which goat breed originated from Saanens?
Sable
Which goat breed is the oldest dairy goat breed from Switzerland?
Toggenburg
Which goat breed is a nubian x pygmy cross, and originated in Washington?
Kinder
Which goat breed is a dairy breed from the Channel Islands?
Golden Guernsey
Which goat breed is a milk type from Pakistan?
Daera Din Panah
Which goat breed is a meat goat from west Africa?
Pigmy
which pig breed originated in England, and is the most popular maternal breed in the world?
Yorkshire
which pig breed is from Denmark with milking ability?
Landrace
which pig breed is from western Europe and has the highest % lean?
Pietrain
which pig breed has meat quality problems?
Pietrain
which pig breed originated in Pennsylvania?
Chester Whites
which pig breed has Berkshire ancestry?
Poland China
which pig breed is from Indiana, and is a mix between a poland china and a local spotted breed?
Spot
which pig breed is a bacon breed from Ireland and England?
Tamworth
which pig breed was developed in Iowa and Missouri by crossing durocs and poland china?
Hereford
which pig breed is a chinese breed
Meishan
Which horse breed is the most popular U.S. draft horse?
Belgian
Which horse breed is from Western France, and is one of the oldest breeds?
Percheron
Which horse breed was developed in Scotland?
Clydesdale
Which horse breed was developed in England, and is a common draft breed in England?
Shire
Which horse breed is at least 800 years old and is the tallest draft horse?
Shire
Which horse breed is from england and averages 16.1 hands?
Suffolk
Which horse breed is native to the Netherlands and was rejuvenated with oldenbburg blood?
Friesian
Which horse breed originated from the old granny mare in iowa?
American Cream
Which horse breed is the most popular breed?
Quarter horse
Which horse breed is a thoroughbred x chickasaw?
Quarter Horse
Which horse breed has hambletonian 10 as the founding sire?
Standardbred
Which horse breed was developed in kentucky and ridden by many famous riders?
American Saddlebred
Which horse breed is the 5th most popular breed by registrations?
Tennessee Walker
Which horse breed is a heterozygous genotype, and is not a true breed?
Palomino
Which horse breed has the most advanced genetic evaluation system with three traits?
Swedish Warmblood
