FINAL Flashcards

Question

Star of David Badge

Answer 1

worn on clothing for identification

Answer 2

cyanide gas pellets used in Auschwitz concentration camp

Answer 3

January 1942 | Military officials, beurocrats etc are figuring out how to expand the holocaust

Answer 4

doctor performed inhumane experiments on prisoners- fascinated by identical twins, angel of death, ss member

Answer 5

mayor of Leipzig before hitler came to power. He was a conservative. Thinks maybe there can be peace and still keep some territories conquered.

Answer 6

June 6 1944 Invasion of Normandy Allied invasion of France Germany is now fighting on 3 fronts

Answer 7

a particular set of long-range artillery weapons designed for strategic bombing during World War II, particularly Strategic bombing and/or aerial bombing of cities.

Answer 8

leader of group reich youth leader, later member of cabinet

Answer 9

a movement within German Protestantism during Nazi Germany that arose in opposition to government-sponsored efforts to unify all Protestant churches into a single pro-Nazi German Evangelical Church.

Answer 10

sept 1935 1) Germanys jewish population stripped of civil rights, no longer considered german citizens and don’t have the rights of german citizens. Considered aliens/foreigners living in Germany 2) Eliminated Marriage and sexual interaction between aryan and jewish community german servants worked in jewish households only if they were 45yrs old and above they had charts explaining , jews had their own benches, - segregation

Answer 11

line of concrete fortifications, obstacles and weapon installations built by France in the 1930s

Answer 12

new prime minister in uk Hes closely associated with appeasement Also traumatized by ww1, fussy etc Highly moral person- wants to avoid war

Answer 13

chancellor of Austria

Answer 14

Rich in steel and coal In Versailles was taken from Germany and placed under league of nations- if Germany behaved they would get it back In 1935 people of Saarland would vote if they wanted to return to Germany- election held by league of nations and vote was 90% yes to return to Germany (not surprising) Hitler presented this as a great victory for nazi regime

Answer 15

Mussolini looks to conquer Ethiopia (Abyssinia). Italian colonies next to Ethiopia- Eritrea and Italian Somaliland Invasion of Abyssinia 1935-36 In past they had lost war so now he could reverse embarrassment British say they should do something about it but French are more worried about hitler – they’ll need Mussolini later If british wanted to they could stall Italian war effort , Italians are going through the suez canal in eqypt which was controlled by the british – they would have to sail around the other way Haile Selassie- emperor of Ethiopia- flees and goes to league of nations and gives speech about the conquer May 1936 war ended- Mussolini No one is paying attention to hitler bc of Ethiopia and hitler takes advantage

Answer 16

Nov9th-10th 1938 (20 yrs since Kaiser was overthrown, 15th aniv of beer hall putsch) Kristallnacht- night of broken glass: wave of violence across country Herschel Grynszpan assassinated german diplomatic in France german embassy Nazis will use assassination as excuse to launch a massive wave of anti semitic violence Jews are attacked, beaten, killed, taken to camps, things destroyed, stolen, synagogues destroyed, jewish stores destroyed Jewish community blamed for the violence and made to pay a collective fine Insurance companies have to pay for damages but government takes money Kristallnacht was presented as a majestic night- revenge on jews, however in reality it was carefully planned. Almost all the violence was SS and SA

Answer 17

dictator of soviet union

Answer 18

German name for the northern, southern, and western areas of former Czechoslovakia which were inhabited primarily by Sudeten Germans.

Answer 19

spanish army general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain

Answer 20

Spanish civil war 1936-39 Spain was a monarchy until 1931 but king was overthrown and country was weak democracy. Experiencing same problems as France, Germany- badly divided country. Rebels seize control of half country and government other half. Thousands of people killed over next 3 years. Government forces are called the republicans bc fighting to defend republic. Conservatives are called nationalists- Francisco Franco is leader, was an army general. Mussolini wants to support fellow fascist leader and also show off power. Hitler initially hesitated but decided to back franco up. Sending money weapons supplies to nationalist side in spain. Mussolini also sent 60,000 soldiers to help and military aircraft. Germany never openly intervened in war but sent weapons, supplies, money and volunteers-16,000 germans in spain. Another advantage would be able to test out technology in a real battle. Russia is supporting left wing side, tanks volunteers, supplies etc. Becomes fascist vs communism. French and british don’t really do anything. This caused anger among left wing activists in west democracies. Thousands of foreigners joined republican army to fight. Guernica painting about war. Actual city was proof of what bombers could do in seconds. Germany was denounced for its aggression. Franco wins war and becomes dictator, remains in power until 1975.

Answer 21

udeten German politician in Czechoslovakia. Upon the German occupation in October 1938 he joined the Nazi Party as well as the SSgiven money and instructions from hitler to make demands for german language schools, radio stations, local autonomy Encourages sudeten germans to make demands Czech government wotn be able to meet

Answer 22

hitler demanded the city of danzing returned to Germany and the reich to build an autobahn across the polish corridor.

Answer 23

Non aggression treaty and economic arrangement Russia supplies Germany with oil etc. secret part to treaty not announce to public- they divide eastern Europe between them. Poland split in half. Russia gets Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia.

Answer 24

dive bombers planes

Answer 25

Italy is captured, France is liberated, Russians are advancing through Poland, Germany has just enough strength left for one last offensive. Plan attack in Ardennes – wait for bad weather in December. Airforce was ally advantage so the snow and fog help gerany- success they advanced 30-40 miles. But then sky cleared ally airforces took down the germans. Battle of the Buldge December 1944.

Answer 26

new location of french government after france is occupied

Answer 27

- german planes attack british. British advantages- didn’t have to fly far- fought over home territory, no need for fuel, If a german plane is damaged, pilot is captured while british pilots and planes can be rescued and prepared. British had radar- advanced warning. Good fighter planes- spitfire.

Answer 28

german invasion of the soviet union. Hitler decides it would be risky to invade Russia while british are building an army in Europe. Hitler decides to take out Greece. Balkans (Bulgaria, Romania, hungary) become german allies but hitler still needs Yugoslavia- they sign treaty with germans. But are overthrown and replaced by new government that tears up the treaty because they want to remain friends with british. Hitler decides to attack Yugoslavia and then Greece. the british were ware that Germany was about to attack Russia and were sending stalin warnings. Stalin didn’t believe it. The red army was caught by surprise. The beginning of operation Barbarossa appeared to be a success

Answer 29

architect now in charge of running war economy

Answer 30

End of 1939 questoinaires were sent to all hospitals/asylums and doctors had to report patients suffering from mental diseases etc. thought to be hereditary, anyone kept for 5+ years and anyone jewish. After teams visited and evaluated the patients in person. The final decision on whether someone lived of died was made by a team of government doctors in berlin. They examined reports and made either a red + mark, or blue – mark. The + meant death and the – meant life. Mass execution: Sometimes lethal injection, but normally used gas. Families were told their relatives died of natural causes etc/outbreak of disease cremated body etc. T4 program was shut down bc churches fought back- couldn’t afford fight with churches.

Answer 31

the jewish population was collected and sent to special designated areas- countryside or neighborhoods of cities- Ghettos. Separated by a wall

Answer 32

Death camps (the final solution)- constructed during the holocaust, to murder people

Answer 33

largest of the German Nazi concentration camps and extermination centers

Answer 34

city in russia where the 1st german defeat was

Answer 35

British-American aerial bombing attack on the city of Dresden, the capital of the German state

Answer 36

Roosevelt came up with Lend lease- US would lend british and Russians weapons, not give. US was also guarding the western part of the Atlantic.

Answer 37

officer who agreed to assassinate hitler, accepts the job even though he knows he will die Pputsch attempt failed- hitler isn’t killed

Answer 38

1945-1946 war crimes after ww2 held by allied forces