Final Flashcards
A______is a collection of related variables under one name.
structure
A_____ is a collection of variables under one name in which the variables share the same storage
union
The bits in the result of an expression using the ______ operator are set to 1 if the corresponding bits in each operand are set 1. Otherwise, the bits are set to zero
bitwise AND (&)
The variables declared in a structure definition are called its
members
In an expression using the ____ operator, bits are set to 1 if at least one of the corresponding bits in either operand is set to 1. Otherwise, the bits are set to zero
bitwise inclusive OR (|)
keyword _____ introduces a structure declaration
struct
keyword _____ is used to create a synonym for a previously defined data type
typedef
in an expression using the _____ operator, bits are set to 1 if exactly one corresponding bits in either operand is set to 1. Otherwise, the bits are set to zero
bitwise exclusive OR(^)
the bitwise AND operator (&) is often used to ____ bits ____ that is to select certain bits while zeroing others
mask
keyword ____ is used to introduce a union definition
union
the name of the structure is referred to as the structure ____
tag name
the ____ and ____ operators are used to shift the bits of a value to the left or to the right, respectively
left-shift operator (<>)
a(n) ____ is a set of integers represented by identifiers
enumeration
Function __closes a file
fclose
The __ function reads data from a file in a manner similar to how scanf reads from stdin.
fscanf
Function __ reads a character from a specified file
fgetc
Function __ reads a line from a specified file.
fgets
Function __ opens a file
fopen
Function __ is normally used when reading data from a file in random-access applications.
fread
Function __ repositions the file position pointer to a specific location in the file.
fseek
Only __ __characters may appear before a preprocessor directive on a line.
white space
The __ directive discards symbolic constant and macro names.
undef
__ enables you to control the execution of preprocessor directives and the compilation of program code
Conditional compilation
The __ macro prints a message and terminates program execution if the value of
the expression the macro evaluates is 0.
assert
The __ directive inserts a file in another file.
include
The ____ operator concatenates its two arguments
##
The __ character indicates that the replacement text for a symbolic constant or macro continues on the next line.
\
Every preprocessor directive must begin with __.
#
The __ directive creates macros and symbolic constants.
define
The __ symbol redirects input data from a file rather than the keyboard.
The __ symbol is used to redirect the screen output so that it’s placed in a file
>
The __ symbol is used to append the output of a program to the end of a file
> >
A(n) __ directs the output of one program to be the input of another program.
pipe
A(n) __ in the parameter list of a function indicates that the function can receive a variable number of arguments
ellipsis
Macro __ must be invoked before the arguments in a variable-length argument
list can be accessed.
va_start
Macro __ accesses the individual arguments of a variable-length argument list
va_arg
Macro __ facilitates a normal return from a function whose variable-length argument list was referred to by macro va_start.
va_end
Argument __ of main receives the number of arguments in a command line
argc
Argument __ of main stores command-line arguments as character strings.
argv
Linux/UNIX utility __ reads a file called __ that contains instructions for compiling and linking a program consisting of multiple source files.
make, makefile
Function __ forces a program to terminate execution.
exit
Function __ registers a function to be called upon normal program termination.
atexit
An integer or floating-point __ can be appended to an integer or floating-point constant to specify the exact type of the constant.
suffix
Function __ can be used to trap unexpected events.
signal
Function __ generates a signal from within a program
raise
Function __ dynamically allocates memory for an array and initializes the elements to zero
calloc
Function __ changes the size of a block of previously allocated dynamic memory
realloc
The __ and __ directives are provided as shorthand notation for #if defined(name) and #if !defined(name).
ifdef, #ifndef
The __ operator converts its operand to a string.
#
The __ directive causes the source-code lines to be numbered from the indicated
value beginning with the next source-code line.
line
The __ executes before a program is compiled
preprocessor
a __ is a name for a constant
symbolic constant
