final Flashcards
1
Q
What does user interface describe?
A
How a user interacts with a system.
2
Q
Name the 7 methods a user can interact with a system
A
hardware, software, screens, menus, functions, cameras/microphones, forms
3
Q
Is the prototype method usually used? yes or no?
A
Yes, It is expensive when people change their mind. Prototypes help avoid costs.
4
Q
What makes up a good form/report?
A
easy to read and well organized, meaningful titles, meaningful layout, balance the layout, clear navigation.
5
Q
Within a form what belongs in the heading area?
A
Static data
6
Q
Within a form what is variable information?
A
Usually transaction data.
7
Q
true or false: the information in the body of a form changes depending on the transaction?
A
True.
8
Q
Data for reports MUST come from where?
A
an accessible database or be calculated within an accessible database.
9
Q
Where are reports traditionally done
A
on paper.
10
Q
True or False: Can Report data be created in a user accessible file?
A
True, this is often downloaded. If a file is required you need to agree in a format with the user
11
Q
How are paper reports printed?
A
Landscape.
12
Q
What does a detail report provide?
A
information for every report processed. An example would be payroll information for employees
13
Q
What does a summery report provide?
A
- Comprehensive information. An example would be list of sales totals by store.
14
Q
Do forms have predefined data?
A
Yes and some areas where data needs to be filled in.
15
Q
How are traditional forms based?
A
on paper.
16
Q
What kind of form is very popular now?
A
online forms.
17
Q
List 4 examples of forms.
A
- Invoices, packaging lists, checks, report cards.
18
Q
What do forms need to have?
A
a title.
19
Q
True or false: forms have the same purpose in most organizations.
A
- true, Customer order, customer invoice, customer statement, checks, Employment application.
20
Q
Name 6 output to specialized devices.
A
- portable web-connected devices, retail point-of-sale (POS), Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs), Special-Purpose Printers, Plotters, Mobile Devices.
21
Q
What do you need to agree on with the user to output?
A
a format
22
Q
What are 4 common formats?
A
ASCII, Excel, Report form, Unicode.
23
Q
Should you require validation for information that is already available?
A
no
24
Q
Within data entry control what should the user be able to do unless there is a level of security involved?
A
move back and forth freely within the fields.
25
Within field level security who is allowed to update information?
only authorized users are allowed to update certain information.
26
How are functions accessed?
- keystrokes, mouse, menu, or function keys.
27
Do some sytems require a prompt before saving data?
yes
28
How should function keys and commands be assigned?
- They should be the same across the whole system. for example F1 returns to the prior screen.
29
How should information be indicated?
As required or optional.
30
How should you deal with errors?
Anticipate anything that may occur. Avoid, Detect, and correct data entry errors.
31
How should error messages be given?
avoid tech speak. example: dont say "invalid entry" say "zip code should be 5 digits long
32
33. Within screen editing how should a screen be organized? (not as simply as possible)
Indicate where information should go.
33
What are interfaces and dialogue?
How infomation is provided to and captured from users on screen.
34
How should interfaces be designed?
Should be kept simple.
35
How should the interface be effected by different applications?
The format should remain consistent across them all.
36
What are the benefits of editing during data entry?
eliminates problems with bad data,
reduces improper processing,
disallows incomplete transactions,
reduces the frequency of unpredictable results.
37
What is the problem with editing in batch processing?
Maybe difficult to contact the user quickly, The problems are identified but need to be resolved at a later time.
38
What is an audit trail?
transaction log that records changes to important information.
39
Who reviews audit trails?
management.
40
What information do audit trails keep track of?
- name of file, date, time, field change information, person who made the change.
41
Who does the auditing?
internal or external audit companies.
42
What does a prompt queue do?
alerts a user to do a task
43
What are error and warning messages for?
Provide feedback, Be consistent, never use tech speak.
44
What is the SOS technique
Simplify,( short to the point), organize,( easy to understand, no long paragraphs), Show(Show how to preform the task).
45
What are cookie crumbs?
they show the user where they are and where they have been on a website. (like breadcrumbs)
46
What is diologue diagramming?
Formal method for designing and representing screen flow using box and line diagrams.
47
What symbols do dialuge diagrams use?
box
48
What are the three boxes in the diologue diagram?
Top, middle, and bottom.
49
51. What are the three boxes in dialogue diagrams used for?
top-unique display and reference number
middle- name and description of the display
bottom- reference numbers that can be accessed from the current display.
50
52. Do interupted transactions need to be accounted for?
yes
51
what does logical database design allow?
subsequent database design.
52
What does view integration do?
Combines normalized data requirements from all user interfaces into one consolidated logical database model.
53
What should you use to combine logical data models to each known interface?
normalization
54
What does selecting the media do for storing data?
makes access more efficient
55
What is a field
smallest unit of application data recognized by the system
56
Can an attribute from the logical database model be represented by more than one field?
yes
57
What is a calculated field?
derived from other database fields via calculation.
58
What is the Database Schema
Description of all fields, tables, and relationships.
59
What does the physical Data Repository contain?
The schema
60
What does M:N stand for?
Many-to-many relationships. one instance of the first instance can relate to many instances of the second entity.
61
What are the design goals when using rational database tables?
Data integrity,
efficient use of storage,
speed.
62
What is the primary key used for?
normally used to access a file or table.
63
What is the Functional key used for?
allows relationships between tables
64
should keys be able to change their values? yes or no?
No.
65
building a data model should be?
simple,
non-Redundant,
Minimal Maintenance
66
what should normalization be used for?
Combining logical data models for each known interface.
67
what must you account for always in database design within system input or output?
Every data element, it will be difficult to add them later.
68
What are data types?
Coding scheme recognized by systems to identify datas physical attributes
69
What should you avoid with data at all costs?
corruption.
70
How can corruption be avoided?
```
Default value,
Input mask,
Range control,
Referential integrity,
null value controls,
field level security
```
71
What are the three types of entity relationships?
unary, binary, ternary.
72
How are disks divided?
into units depending on the hardware/software combination.
73
What are 3 types of units
Tracks, cylinders, pages
74
What is file organization?
Technique for physically arranging the records of a file.
75
True or false: Rows in the file are stored out of sequence.
False
76
How does a program scan a file within a sequence?
From begining to end.
77
What is the benefit of indexed files?
The index can point to unique rows. Example: by invoice number or date
78
What are the disadvantages of index files?
Extra space is required to store the indexes.
79
What is a pointer?
Field that can be used to locate data and contains the physical address of data.
80
Who knows about the pointers?
only the database operating system. Not the users or developers.
81
When are pointers used?
In file recovery after some type of corruption
82
how are backups designed?
based on recovery requirements.
83
Where are backups stored?
often offsite in places like iron mountain.
84
Mogul Money: This piece of technology usually referred to as an HDD.
What is a hard disk drive?
85
What is an SSD?
Solid state drive
86
Where is the data stored in an SSD?
On individual memory chips.
87
Which is faster HDD or SSD
SSD
88
Once coding begins who writes it?
Individuals or teams.
89
How must code be written?
Clearly and easily maintainable by others.
90
True/False: Code does not need to be documented
False
91
What is unit testing?
Each module is tested alone.
92
Who does unit testing?
Developers.
93
What is integration testing?
Modules are tested with other modules.
94
Who does integration testing?
Developers or other development teams
95
What is a systems test?
When the entire system is tested.
96
Who can participate in a systems test?
Users.
97
What should a test case be if found?
repeatable.
98
what are some of the 8 reasons for poor quality?
```
Inaccurate requirements,
Design problems.
Coding issues,
Ineffective Testing,
Bad data,
Lack of User Involvement,
Faulty Documentation,
poor training.
```
99
when can documentation occur?
anytime.
100
When it comes to training what varies between organizartions?
type of training and frequency.
101
How are users trained?
User guides,
Online Help,
Tutorials/online videos,
Classes.
102
What are 4 installation techniques?
Direct,
Parallel,
Single location,
Phased.
