final

Question 1

The text identifies 2 key methods of studying persuasion. What are they? How are they
different?

Answer 1

The two methods are the humanistic approach as well as the social-scientific approach. Humanistic is making sense of all perspectives of rhetoric where social scientific is these experiments or projects with replicable data (empirical or objective).

Question 2

What are two differences between persuasion and propaganda?

Answer 2

Persuasion is a human connection designed to influence the judgment and actions of others whereas propaganda is the deliberate, systematic attempt to shape perceptions and manipulate cognitions to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of said propaganda.

Question 3

Persuasion appeals to the differences between beliefs, values, and attitudes. What are
the differences between the three? (Define and explain each).

Answer 3

Beliefs: what we personally consider to be true or probable
Values: these determine what we see as right or wrong
Attitudes: general evaluations whether favorable or unfavorable

Question 4

What is globalized rhetoric? Define and explain

Answer 4

All communication is rhetoric. There are 5 principles of globalized rhetoric: communication has multiple motivations, communications have many layers, messages are not just verbal, multiple styles of communication exist, communication is multi-directional with unintended effects, communication is multi-faceted.

Question 5

How can science be considered through the lens of globalized rhetoric? How can
economics be considered through this lens?

Answer 5

political, social, communication, and economic science. economic science is a metaphor, argumentation, values; scientific rather than human

Question 6

What are god-terms and devil terms? Why are they effective to use in persuasion?

Answer 6

God terms are symbols of approval and devil terms are symbols of derision. They are effective in communication to relative to community perspective and social labels

Question 7

What is coactive persuasion? Define and explain. How does it differ from coercive
persuasion?

Answer 7

Coactive persuasion for persuading others so that they will be moved. Coercive persuasion refers to social influences capable of producing substantial behavior atnd attitude change through the use of.

Question 8

What does it mean for persuasion to be receiver-oriented instead of topic oriented?
List and explain at least three differences.

Answer 8

Receiver oriented means all are unique and audiences show what matters. Goals focus on receivers readiness to be persuaded. Message as exchange and effective solutions for audience. Topic receivers are the same and persuader sets agender. Goals focus on persuader’s agender and message is canned. Promotes solution regardless of applicability.

Question 9

What are Rank’s 6 components of persuasion? List and explain each.

Answer 9

Link argument to values/beliefs of the audience
Establish credible people who agree
Simplify for all; anticipate objections
Reinforce desired responses
How are audiences responding to credibility
Think about role-play for audience
(Let Eren Salute & Recognize Homicide Tada)

Question 10

What is attunement? What are its three foci? Explain each.

Answer 10

Where we are going, who is our audience, what is the situation. The three foci exigence, audience, constraints. Exigence is a defect, an obstacle, something waiting to be done. Audience is those persons who are capable of being influenced by discourse and of being mediators of change

Question 11

List and explain at least 5 stock issues that must be evaluated whenever a persuader
engages in argumentation.

Answer 11

Need: a problem that must be solved
Workability: can a solution be realized
Practicality: can it be done easily
Freedom from greater evils: who is affected
Burden of proof: persuaders have to persuade
(Naruto Was Probably Feeling Bumbed)

Question 12

How does the textbook define a “frame”? What are at least three frames that it lists to
analyze persuasive messages? Define and explain each.

Answer 12

Framing is one among of number of possible ways of seeing something. Argument frames understand both sides of an argument. Perceptual frames is different perspectives on the same reality. Meta frame is the only way to understand.

Question 13

What is responsive metacommunication? Explain with an example.

Answer 13

This is changing the fram within communication (commenting as you go). Saying “glad to see you” to someone and roll your eyes at the same time.

Question 14

Define and explain each of Cialdini’s 7 influence techniques.

Answer 14

Contrast: the sequencing of message stimuli
Reciprocity: responding to what is done for us; human inclination
Consistency: the impulse to bring our beliefs, values, and attitudes into line with what we have already done or decided
Social proof: judgement based on other’s action
Liking: influence based on similarit and familiarity
Authority: trusting beyond common sense
Scarcity: less time, resources limits options to drive persuasion

Question 15

What is one way that a persuasive campaign might differ from a propaganda
campaign? Define both as you explain.

Answer 15

Persuasive campaigns: organzed, sustained attempts at influencing groups or masses of people through a series of messages. Propaganda campaign *??

Question 16

Define and explain the 6 stages of a PR campaign.

Answer 16

Planning: determining which interest are “protected and advanced”
Mobilization: locating, acquiring, developing, and exploiting the material and human resources necessary to run the campaign
Legitamation: the right to be heard and taken seriously and power
Promotion: open doors that may have previously been closed to personnel, material, and communication resources
Activation: what to do when you have reached out
Evaluation: assess/alter when needed

Question 17

Hypercommunication is a cocreative form of marketing. Explain this.

Answer 17

This is fragmentation and reintegration of heart and mind.

Question 18

What is the difference between symmetrical and asymmetrical conflict?

Answer 18

Symmetrical conflict: a conflict between persons or groups with relatively equal power to reward or punish the other. Asymmetrical conflict: a conflict between antagonsits having unequal power

Question 19

According to Deutsch, what are 5 steps to engaging in productive conflict?

Answer 19

State position directly
Allow anger
Avoid premature agreement
Divid and solve
Some success=more success

Question 20

What is the difference between an expressivist movement and other social
movements?

Answer 20

Social movement: a movement that was uninstitutionalized or outside the mainstream. An expressivist movement: change individuals rather than institutions.

Question 21

What are at least three differences between a moderate and a militant?

Answer 21

Moderate: civility and decorum, how it is done, efficiency
Militant: incivility and disruption, whether it is done or not, equity