FInal Flashcards
Be able to correctly use and read the measuring tools used throughout the course.
For example: serological pipettes, micropipettes and graduated cylinders.
Know how the spectrophotometer works (i.e. what it measures, how it is measured).
Instrument used to measure the amount of light that is absorbed by (on a scale from 0-2) or transmitted through (on a percentile scale, 0-100) a sample, at particular wavelengths of light.
What is an absorption spectrum? What value for a substance can be determined by plotting its absorption spectrum?
Pattern of light absorption over a range of wavelengths for a particular substance. From an absorption spectrum, one can determine the wavelength of maximum (peak) absorbance by the substance. In other words, you will use the spec to discover at what wavelength bromophenol blue absorbs the most light, the optimum wavelength for measuring light absorption by the dye. You will then construct a standard curve for bromophenol blue, using the wavelength of peak absorbance.
Beer-Lambert Law
The absorbance of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration of molecules in the solution, and the mathematical relationship is described by the Beer-Lambert Law.
What is a standard curve? How can a standard curve be used to find the concentration of an unknown substance?
a plot of the known concentrations of a series of samples against their absorbances, which can be used to find an unknown concentration of a sample.
What is a hypothesis? Why must a hypothesis be falsifiable?
A question is then formulated and a possible explanation (hypothesis) based on previously obtained facts is suggested.A hypothesis must be falsifiable, meaning it can be tested in a way that can lead to evidence that does not support the hypothesis. This is important because a hypothesis cannot be proven true beyond any doubt, but it can be proven false by providing evidence ol.
% Error
([measured volume - theoretical volume]) X 100
theoretical volume
Control
A control group is more or less identical to the experimental groups, except for the single variable of interest whose effect is being tested (in this case additional light), which is only applied to the experimental groups.
Independent Variable
Variable being changed or controlled by the investigator
Dependent Variable
Variable being tested or measured in an experiment
Know the names and functions of parts of a microscope
Arm Base ocular lenses objective lenses revolving nosepiece stage condenser illuminator focusing knobs (Coarse and fine)
Magnification
How can it be modulated?
Resolution
The ability to distinguish two points that are close together as separate points.
How can it be modulated?
Contrast
The differences between light and dark parts of the image.
How can it be modulated?
Depth of Field
How can it be modulated?
