Final 1

Question 1

S1

Answer 1

Lub (M1/T1) = sound produced by the closure of mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular)
loudest at the apex (inferior) than S2

Question 2

S2

Answer 2

Dub (A2/P2) = sound produced by the closure of aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar)
loudest at the base (superior) than S1

Question 3

S2 Split

Answer 3

A split S2 is a change in pressure during inspiration, only heard in the pulmonic area. Occurs when the closure of A2 and P2 are not synchronized during inspiration, so they close at slightly different times. Also caused by a change in intrathoracic pressure.

Question 4

S3

Answer 4

found in individuals over 30, athlete/young, associated with CHF. It occurs during early diastole. You would hear it after the S2 (beginning of diastole).
S3 (Lub, Dub-Ta) = gallops

Question 5

S4

Answer 5

at the end of diastole which is presystole, IMMEDIATLEY before S1.
S4 (Ta-Lub Dub) = atrial gallop BUMP, BUMP, bump, bump

Question 6

Turburlent Blood Flow

Answer 6

Carotid Bruit, Murmur, Thrill

Question 7

Arterial

Answer 7

carry blood from heart to body

Question 8

Venous

Answer 8

carry blood from body to heart

pooling of blood causing pressure in veins

Question 9

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Answer 9

V: Voluptuous pulses (warm legs)
E: Edema (blood pooling)
I: Irregularly shaped sores (exotic pools)
N: No sharp pain (dull pain)
Y: Yellow and brown ankles

Question 10

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Answer 10

A: Absent Pulse, absent hair (shiny, cool legs)
R: Round, red sores (rubor)
T: Toes and feet pale or black eschar
S: Sharp calf pain (pain while exercising) (Intermittent Claudication)

Question 11

Braden Scale

Answer 11

assess risk factors such as sensory perception, moisture, activity level, mobility, nutrition, amount of friction and shear. In short, it tells us who is at risk for developing a hospital or facility acquired pressure ulcer/injury. Helps nurse initiate plans to avoid skin breakdown. It helps us understand what stage a person is in as well. It calculates the pressure sore risk.

Question 12

TEDS

Answer 12

Thrombo Emboli Deterrent, which are stockings that help prevent venous thrombus event/formation. Its stockings for a patient’s leg to facilitate the return of venous blood to the heart. They help stop blood clots from forming. They support the venous and lymphatic drainage of the leg

Question 13

Paralysis

Answer 13

Loss of movement

Question 14

Paresthesia

Answer 14

Numbness/tingling

Question 15

Polar

Answer 15

Temperature

Question 16

Pitting

Answer 16

Edema (1+ good / 4+ bad)

Question 17

Cranial Nerve 2: Optic

Answer 17

Sensory (Snellen Test (Visual Acuity)/ Confrontation (Peripheral))

Question 18

Cranial Nerve 3: Oculomotor

Answer 18

Mixed (Six Cardinal Fields of Gaze/PERRLA)

Question 19

Cranial Nerve 4: Trochlear

Answer 19

Motor - (Six Cardinal Fields of Gaze/PERRLA)

Question 20

Cranial Nerve 6: Abducens

Answer 20

Motor (Six Cardinal Fields of Gaze/PERRLA)

Question 21

Decorticate

Answer 21

Arm, wrist, feet in flexion (funeral hands)

Question 22

Decerebrate

Answer 22

arms, wrist, feet in extension