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Tri 2 - Gross Anatomy I > Final 1 > Flashcards

Final 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. MACA Which of the following statements about the vertebral column is correct

A. it usually consists of 31 vertebra

B. normally 33 of the vertebrae are movable

C. the seven cervical vertebrae are the most movable vertebrae

D. the 12 thoracic vertebrae show a gradual increase in size inferiorly

A
  1. MACA Which of the following statements about the vertebral column is correct

A. it usually consists of 31 vertebra

B. normally 33 of the vertebrae are movable

C. the seven cervical vertebrae are the most movable vertebrae

D. the 12 thoracic vertebrae show a gradual increase in size inferiorly

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2
Q
  1. MACA Which of the following vertebrae is atypical?

A. C2

B. C6

C. T11

D. L3

A
  1. MACA Which of the following vertebrae is atypical?

A. C2

B. C6

C. T11

D. L3

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3
Q
  1. MACA Which of the following back muscles are supplied by ventral rami of the spinal nerves?

A. Latissimus dorsi

B. spinalis

C. Serratus posterior inferior

D. multifidus

A
  1. MACA Which of the following back muscles are supplied by ventral rami of the spinal nerves?

A. Latissimus dorsi

B. spinalis

C. Serratus posterior inferior

D. multifidus

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4
Q
  1. MACA Which of the following statements concerning Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is correct

A. is within the subdural space

B. may be obtained from the lumbar cistern which is located inferior to the caudal end of the spinal cord

C. CSF pressure keeps the arachnoid mater in apposition to the dura mater

D. is commonly withdrawn from the subarachnoid space in the thoracic region

A
  1. MACAWhich of the following statements concerning Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is correct

A. is within the subdural space

B. may be obtained from the lumbar cistern which is located inferior to the caudal end of the spinal cord

C. CSF pressure keeps the arachnoid mater in apposition to the dura mater

D. is commonly withdrawn from the subarachnoid space in the thoracic region

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5
Q
  1. MACA The spinal cord is supplied by

A. one anterior spinal artery

B. branches of the external iliac arteries

C. two posterior spinal arteries

D. the artery of Adam

A
  1. MACA The spinal cord is supplied by

A. one anterior spinal artery

B. branches of the external iliac arteries

C. two posterior spinal arteries

D. the artery of Adam

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6
Q
  1. Each of the following statements about intervertebral discs is correct except

A. they are part of a secondary cartilaginous joints

B their thickness varies in different regions of the vertebral column

C. they are composed of annuli fibrosi enclosing gelatinous nuclei pulposi

D. herniation of the nucleus pulposus tends to be in an anterior direction

A
  1. Each of the following statements about intervertebral discs is correct except

A. they are part of a secondary cartilaginous joints

B their thickness varies in different regions of the vertebral column

C. they are composed of annuli fibrosi enclosing gelatinous nuclei pulposi

D. herniation of the nucleus pulposus tends to be in an anterior direction

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7
Q
  1. Correct statements concerning the suboccipital triangle include each of the following except

A. the vertebral artery traverses it

B. the boundaries of this region are rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior and obliquus capitis superior.

C. it lies deep to the semispinalis capitis muscles

D. the muscles that forms its boundaries are mainly supplied by the suboccipital nerve

A
  1. Correct statements concerning the suboccipital triangle include each of the following except

A. the vertebral artery traverses it

B. the boundaries of this region are rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior and obliquus capitis superior.

C. it lies deep to the semispinalis capitis muscles

D. the muscles that forms its boundaries are mainly supplied by the suboccipital nerve

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8
Q
  1. Each of the following statements about the transversospinalis group of back muscles is correct except

A. it is supplied by the posterior rami of the spinal nerves

B. in general, its fibers pass from the transverse processes to the spinous processes

C. it consists of the semispinalis, spinalis, and rotatores muscles

D. like the erector spinae, it consists of three components

A
  1. Each of the following statements about the transversospinalis group of back muscles is correct except

A. it is supplied by the posterior rami of the spinal nerves

B. in general, its fibers pass from the transverse processes to the spinous processes

C. it consists of the semispinalis, spinalis, and rotatores muscles

D. like the erector spinae, it consists of three components

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9
Q
  1. Each of the following statements about the transversospinalis group of back muscles is correct except

A. it is supplied by the posterior rami of the spinal nerves

B. in general, its fibers pass from the transverse processes to the spinous processes

C. it consists of the semispinalis, spinalis, and rotatores muscles

D. like the erector spinae, it consists of three components

A
  1. Each of the following statements about the transversospinalis group of back muscles is correct except

A. it is supplied by the posterior rami of the spinal nerves

B. in general, its fibers pass from the transverse processes to the spinous processes

C. it consists of the semispinalis, spinalis, and rotatores muscles

D. like the erector spinae, it consists of three components

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10
Q
  1. Correct statements about the cervical vertebrae include each of the following except

A. their distinctive feature is the foramen transversarium in each transverse process

B. the vertebral artery does not normally pass through the transverse foramen of C7

C. the vertebral bodies are normally heart shaped

D. the spinous processes of C3 to C6 are typically short and bifid

A
  1. Correct statements about the cervical vertebrae include each of the following except

A. their distinctive feature is the foramen transversarium in each transverse process

B. the vertebral artery does not normally pass through the transverse foramen of C7

C. the vertebral bodies are normally heart shaped

D. the spinous processes of C3 to C6 are typically short and bifid

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11
Q
  1. Each of the following statements about the sacrum is correct except

A. its median sacral crest represents the fused spinous processes of the sacral vertebrae

B. the sacrum consists of 5 fused vertebrae

C. the bilateral lateral crests consist of fused transverse processes

D. the sacral vertebrae begin to fuse at the beginning of puberty

A
  1. Each of the following statements about the sacrum is correct except

A. its median sacral crest represents the fused spinous processes of the sacral vertebrae

B. the sacrum consists of 5 fused vertebrae

C. the bilateral lateral crests consist of fused transverse processes

D. the sacral vertebrae begin to fuse at the beginning of puberty

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12
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an atypical vertebrae in the cervical region

A. a tooth-like dens

B. absence of a body

C. pivot joint

D. bifid spinous process

A
  1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an atypical vertebrae in the cervical region

A. a tooth-like dens

B. absence of a body

C. pivot joint

D. bifid spinous process

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13
Q
  1. Which of the following statements about the atlanto-occipital joints NOT CORRECT

A. they are between the occipital bone and the atlas

B. they are mainly responsible for allowing shaking of the head as occurs when indicating disapproval

C. the articulations are between the occipital condyles and the superior articular facets of the atlas

D. they are synovial joints

A
  1. Which of the following statements about the atlanto-occipital joints NOT CORRECT

A. they are between the occipital bone and the atlas

B. they are mainly responsible for allowing shaking of the head as occurs when indicating disapproval

C. the articulations are between the occipital condyles and the superior articular facets of the atlas

D. they are synovial joints

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14
Q
  1. Which statement about muscles of the back is NOT CORRECT

A. a superior attachment of the semispinalis include the superior nuchal line

B. semispinalis cervicis is attached to the spinous processes of the axis

C. lateral attachments of levatores costarum include the ribs

D. semispinalis is superficial to multifidus in the lumbar region

A
  1. Which statement about muscles of the back is NOT CORRECT

A. a superior attachment of the semispinalis include the superior nuchal line

B. semispinalis cervicis is attached to the spinous processes of the axis

C. lateral attachments of levatores costarum include the ribs

D. semispinalis is superficial to multifidus in the lumbar region

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15
Q
  1. Which statement about pia mater is NOT CORRECT

A. it intimately invests the spinal cord and the brain

B. it is tightly bound to the nerve roots as they cross the subarachnoid space

C. it has lateral extensions known at denticulate ligaments

D. it encloses the inferior limit of the lumbar cistern

A
  1. Which statement about pia mater is NOT CORRECT

A. it intimately invests the spinal cord and the brain

B. it is tightly bound to the nerve roots as they cross the subarachnoid space

C. it has lateral extensions known at denticulate ligaments

D. it encloses the inferior limit of the lumbar cistern

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16
Q
  1. The posterior longitudinal ligament

A. passes along the posterior wall of the vertebral canal from the atlas to the sacrum

B. is attached to the intervertebral discs and the anterior edges of the vertebral bodies

C. tends to prevent hyperflexion of the vertebral column

D. Is also known as the ligamentum flavum due to its abundant elastic fibers

A
  1. The posterior longitudinal ligament

A. passes along the posterior wall of the vertebral canal from the atlas to the sacrum

B. is attached to the intervertebral discs and the anterior edges of the vertebral bodies

C. tends to prevent hyperflexion of the vertebral column

D. Is also known as the ligamentum flavum due to its abundant elastic fibers

17
Q
  1. The structure indicated by “1” is the
    a. Superior articular process
    b. Facet for the head of the rib
    c. Mammillary process
    d. Inferior articular facet
    e. Transverse process
A
  1. The structure indicated by “1” is the
    a. Superior articular process
    b. Facet for the head of the rib
    c. Mammillary process

d. Inferior articular facet

e. Transverse process

18
Q
  1. The part “2” is called the

Spinous

Mammillary

Accessory

Articular

Transverse

A
  1. The part “2” is called the

Spinous

Mammillary

Accessory

Articular

Transverse

19
Q
  1. The projection “3” is called the

Inferior articular process

Transverse process

Zygapophysis

Pedicle

Lamina

A
  1. The projection “3” is called the

Inferior articular process

Transverse process

Zygapophysis

Pedicle

Lamina

20
Q
  1. The concavity “4” contributes to the formation of

Foramen transversarium

Vertebral foramen

Vertebral canal

Intervertebral foramen

Neurenteric canal

A
  1. The concavity “4” contributes to the formation of

Foramen transversarium

Vertebral foramen

Vertebral canal

Intervertebral foramen

Neurenteric canal

21
Q
  1. Which of the following statements concerning the veins labelled “1” is correct?

They drain into the inferior vena cava

They are part of the vertebral venous plexus

They contain numerous valves

They lie inside the spinal dura mater

A
  1. Which of the following statements concerning the veins labelled “1” is correct?

They drain into the inferior vena cava

They are part of the vertebral venous plexus

They contain numerous valves

They lie inside the spinal dura mater

22
Q
  1. Which of the following statements about the bundle fibers indicated by “4” is correct?

It is actually the spinal cord

It is located in the epidural space

It is surrounded by CSF

It is a collection of only sacral spinal nerve roots

A
  1. Which of the following statements about the bundle fibers indicated by “4” is correct?

It is actually the spinal cord

It is located in the epidural space

It is surrounded by CSF

It is a collection of only sacral spinal nerve roots

23
Q
A
  1. Radicular artery
  2. Segmental medullary
  3. Dorsal branch
  4. Posterior intercostal
24
Q
A
  1. Semispinalis capitis
  2. Rectus capitis posterior minor
  3. Obliquus capitis superior
  4. Suboccipital (C1 posterior ramus)
25
Q
A
  1. Rhomboid major (dorsal scapular n.)
  2. Spinal accessory n.
  3. Trapezius (spinal accessory n.)
  4. Latissimus dorsi (thoracodorsal n.)
26
Q
  1. The arrow is indicating a primary ossification center

A. True

B. False

A

FALSE

27
Q
  1. Name structure indicated above

A. superficial fascia

B. subserous fascia

C. peritoneum

D. deep investing fascia

A
  1. Name structure indicated above

A. superficial fascia

B. subserous fascia

C. peritoneum

D. deep investing fascia

28
Q
  1. The instrument indicated above is being used for

A. Lumbar puncture to obtain CSF

B. Lumber injection to deliver spinal anesthesia

A
  1. The instrument indicated above is being used for

A. Lumbar puncture to obtain CSF

B. Lumber injection to deliver spinal anesthesia

29
Q
  1. The joint indicated above is a

A. primary cartilaginous joint

B. secondary cartilaginous joint

C. a fibrous joint

D. a synovial joint

A
  1. The joint indicated above is a

A. primary cartilaginous joint

B. secondary cartilaginous joint

C. a fibrous joint

D. a synovial joint

30
Q
A
  1. azygous
  2. accessory hemiazygous
  3. hemiazygous
31
Q
  1. Excessive__________ of the vertebral column is commonly observed in pregnant women, while excessive_________ is observed in elderly women.

A. scoliosis, kyphosis

B. kyphosis, lordosis

C. osteoporosis, scoliosis

D. lordosis, kyphosis

A
  1. Excessive__________ of the vertebral column is commonly observed in pregnant women, while excessive_________ is observed in elderly women.

A. scoliosis, kyphosis

B. kyphosis, lordosis

C. osteoporosis, scoliosis

D. lordosis, kyphosis

32
Q
  1. Which region of the vertebral column is the least mobile.

A. sacral

B. thoracic

C. cervical

D. lumbar

A
  1. Which region of the vertebral column is the least mobile.

A. sacral

B. thoracic

C. cervical

D. lumbar

33
Q
  1. Which of the following statements concerning the sacrum is correct

A. it forms the anterior part of the bony pelvis

B. it is composed of four fused vertebrae in adults

C. it articulates with the iliac bones

D. it transmits the majority weight of the body to the coccyx

A
  1. Which of the following statements concerning the sacrum is correct

A. it forms the anterior part of the bony pelvis

B. it is composed of four fused vertebrae in adults

C. it articulates with the iliac bones

D. it transmits the majority weight of the body to the coccyx

34
Q
  1. Which of the following ligaments is continuous with the tectorial membrane?

A. Posterior longitudinal ligament

B. Anterior longitudinal ligament

C. Interspinous ligament

D. Ligamentum flavum

A
  1. Which of the following ligaments is continuous with the tectorial membrane?

A. Posterior longitudinal ligament

B. Anterior longitudinal ligament

C. Interspinous ligament

D. Ligamentum flavum

35
Q
  1. Correct statements about the spinal cord include

A. it is part of the peripheral nervous system

B. it occupies the entire vertebral canal

C. It has a thoracic enlargement

D. it is enclosed within three protective membranes or meninges

A
  1. Correct statements about the spinal cord include

A. it is part of the peripheral nervous system

B. it occupies the entire vertebral canal

C. It has a thoracic enlargement

D. it is enclosed within three protective membranes or meninges

36
Q
  1. Which of the following statements concerning the development of vertebrae is correct

A. there are seven secondary areas of ossification, in the four articular processes, the two transverse processes and the spinous process.

B. development of vertebrae is complete by about 18 years of age

C. three primary centers of ossification develop at 7 to 8 weeks, one in the body and two in the vertebral arches

D. fusion of the sacral vertebrae is complete by 18 years of age

A
  1. Which of the following statements concerning the development of vertebrae is correct

A. there are seven secondary areas of ossification, in the four articular processes, the two transverse processes and the spinous process.

B. development of vertebrae is complete by about 18 years of age

C. three primary centers of ossification develop at 7 to 8 weeks, one in the body and two in the vertebral arches

D. fusion of the sacral vertebrae is complete by 18 years of age

37
Q
  1. The segmental medullary arteries

A. normally reinforce the two anterior spinal arteries

B. normally reinforce the one posterior spinal artery

C. do not supply the roots and rootlets of spinal nerves

D. are branches of the vertebral artery in the cervical region

A
  1. The segmental medullary arteries

A. normally reinforce the two anterior spinal arteries

B. normally reinforce the one posterior spinal artery

C. do not supply the roots and rootlets of spinal nerves

D. are branches of the vertebral artery in the cervical region

38
Q
  1. Which of the following ligaments or membranes holds the dens of the axis against the anterior arch of the atlas?

A. Transverse ligament of the atlas

B. Apical ligament of the dens

C. Atlanto-occipital membrane

D. Tectorial membrane

A
  1. Which of the following ligaments or membranes holds the dens of the axis against the anterior arch of the atlas?

A. Transverse ligament of the atlas

B. Apical ligament of the dens

C. Atlanto-occipital membrane

D. Tectorial membrane

39
Q
  1. Which of the following muscles attach to thoracolumbar fascia?

A. rhomboid major

B. trapezius

C. latissimus dorsi

D. serratus posterior superior

A
  1. Which of the following muscles attach to thoracolumbar fascia?

A. rhomboid major

B. trapezius

C. latissimus dorsi

D. serratus posterior superior

Tri 2 - Gross Anatomy I (4 decks)

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