FINAL 1 Flashcards
Which of the following is true of the transversospinalis group, which includes Multifidus?
A. Type I muscle fibres and made for movement production
B. Type II muscle fibres and made for stabilization and proprioception
C. Responsible for segmental deceleration of flexion and rotation during functional movement
D. Two of the above
C. Responsible for segmental deceleration of flexion and rotation during functional movement
Your patient demonstrates a positive prone active SLR with force closure dysfunction. Which of the following myofascial stabilizing systems is likely involved?
A. Posterior oblique system
B. Anterior oblique system
C. Lateral oblique system
D. None of the above
A. Posterior oblique system
During cranio-cervical flexion test, the patient attempts to nod head to increase pressure in the pressure biofeedback unit by 2mmHg and hold this for 6-1.0 sec. A positive test is noted if the patient has an inability to achieve the desired pressure change. This indicates:
A. Decrease activation of deep segmental cervical stabilizing musculature
B. Hyperactivation of longus captious and longus collie
C. Decrease activation of SCM and Suboccipitals
D. Increase activation of Masticatories with inhibition of Digastrics
Decrease activation of deep segmental cervical stabilizing musculature
The goals of the corrective phase of spinal stabilization training include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Focus on postural control, muscle balance, pain reduction/centralization
B. Train coordination and endurance with safe, low-load exercises
C. Progression to complex activities and functional exercises once the patient learns to move and position the spine in fundamental ways
D. Training with movements that replicate the patient’s sport and recreation activities
D. Training with movements that replicate the patient’s sport and recreation activities
Which of the following would not work toward enhancing the patient’s motivation to resume activity?
A. Establish that there will be no set backs or flare ups
B. Collaboratively establish functional goals
C. Create simple home exercises that does not require significant equipment
D. Educate that gradual reactivation will enhance recovery where as rest will interfere with recovery
A. Establish that there will be no set backs or flare ups
Your patient exhibits increased muscle tone in the cervico-thoracic solder area. He states he is under a lot of stress at work. What is the most likely cause of the muscle tightness according to Janda?
A. Fascial adhesions
B. Limbic system dysfunction
C. Reflex spasm
D. Interneuron dysfunction
B. Limbic system dysfunction
Which of the following is true concerning abdominal bracing (AB)?
A. The AB is something a person or athlete should consciously think about when performing their tasks.
B. It is performed by drawing the navel inward toward the spine.
C. It involves having the patient stiffen the trunk and hold the breath during maximum exertions
D. Once the patient has the kinaesthetic awareness of performing the AB, it can be challenging by adding resistance to external perturbations in different planes
D. Once the patient has the kinaesthetic awareness of performing the AB, it can be challenged by adding resistance to external perturbations in different planes
When is it appropriate to progress a patient’s spinal stabilization program to include complex activities and functional exercises?
A. Once the patient is able to hold side bridges for 30 seconds
B. Once the patient learns to move and position the spine in fundamental ways
C. Once the patient demonstrates appropriate strength in the lumbar extensor muscles
D. Once the patient has been performing the program for 3 weeks
B. Once the patient learns to move and position the spine in fundamental ways
As discussed in class, a decrease in closed kinetic chain dorsiflexion is a predictor of what condition?
A. Sacroiliac inflammation
B. Lumbalgia
C. ipsilateral glenohumeral dysfunction
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of the following types of muscle hypertonicity is associated with acute muscle strain?
A. Limbic system dysfunction
B. Reflex spasm
C. Myofascial trigger point
D. Generalized muscle tightness
C. Myofascial trigger point
Which of the following is a mechanism of injury to the lumbar spine according to McGill?
A. Too many repetitions of force and motion and/or prolonged postures/loads
B. Cummulative loading in compression or shear
C. Axial torque with flexion
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
You have performed a muscle relaxation technique (MRT) on your patient’s right upper trapezius. The muscle does not spontaneously lengthen after the application. What is a likely reason?
A. The muscle tightness was probably a myofascial trigger point cause
B. The muscle tightness was probably secondary to an acute overload
C. The muscle tightness was probably a primary neuromuscular cause
D. The muscle tightness was probably a primary connective tissue cause
D. The muscle tightness was probably a primary connective tissue cause
You have performed a Lumbar Shear Stability Test & your patient has positive findings on this test. Which of the following is safe and effective exercises to train the lumbar erector spine?
A. Lumbar extensions on a Roman chair bench
B. Quadruped/ birddog
C. Superman
D. Supine bridge
B. Quadruped/ birddog
Your patient presents with radiating-type pain down the arm into the fingers. He states that he often assumes static postures for long periods of time while working on a computer. You have ruled out radicular involvement. What is the most likely cause according to Janda?
A. Limbic system dysfunction
B. Reflex spasm
C. Interneuron dysfunction
D. Myofasical trigger point
D. Myofascial trigger point
Which of the following best describes a NeuroDynamic Slider?
A. Can be thought of as a tensioner with one end put at slack
B. Is genetically predetermined and follows a predictable pattern
C. Increases tension on a neural structure and does not produce plastic deformation
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Your patient is a sedentary office worker who has demonstrated a positive Supine ASLR with force closure dysfunction. What is an appropriate exercise?
A. Roman chair
B. Side bridges
C. Superman
D. Knee lifts with rotation
B. Side bridges
What is a characteristic of an ideal core exercise?
A. It strengthens the rectus abdomens and external obliques
B. It increases compression in the lumbar spine
C. It should challenge the muscles of the core while imposing minimal compressive load on the spine
D. It increases shear in the lumbar spine
C. It should challenge the muscles of the core while imposing minimal compressive load on the spine
According to McGill, core stabilization exercises (such as the prone plank) should be held for how long? Isometric holds longer than this stated time have been shown to cause rapid loss of available oxygen in the muscles.
A. Up to 60 seconds
B. No less than 30 seconds
C. As long as the patient can tolerate
D. Up to 8 seconds
D. Up to 8 seconds
