Final 1 Flashcards by Katy Wheat

When a test instrument is calibrated, does its accuracy, precision, or reliability improve.
A) precision
B) accuracy
C) reliability
D)all of the above
E) none.

B)Accuracy

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2) Which step of the scientific method requires you to use your senses to obtain information?
A) revising hypothesis
B) designing an experiment
C) making observations
D) carrying out an experiment.
E) stating a theory

C) making observations

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3) Dr. Smith reads two research papers that present different conclusions about the same question. He knows the researcher who wrote Paper A, but does not know the authors of Paper B. When asked which paper he thinks has more merit, Dr. Smith replies, “Paper A.” Because of Dr. Smith’s personal connection to some of the researchers, he could be exhibiting
A) bias.
B) inference.
C) observation.
D) skepticism.
E) peer review

A) bias

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4) The first step in the scientific method is______
A) using technology
B) making observations
C) forming a hypothesis
D) doing experiments
E) proposing a theory

B) Making observations

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5) There is more traffic between 8 and 9 in the morning because most people start work at 9. This would be a(n)
A) observation
B) hypothesis
C) experiment
D) theory
E) all the above

B) hypothesis

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6) In order to enhance your learning in chemistry, you should NOT_____
A) study a little every day
B) form a study group
C) go to office hours
D) be an active learner
E) wait until the night before the exam to study

E) wait until the night before the exam to study

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7) In the number 12.345, the 4 is in the_____ place.
A) tens
B) ones
C) tenths
D) hundredths
E) thousandths

D) hundredths

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8) In the number 12.345, the 1 is in the____place
A) tens
B) ones
C) tenths
D) hundredths
E) thousandths

A) tens

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9) The product of (-4)(-5) is
A) -20
B) +20
C) -1
D) +1
E) 0

B) +20

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10) Written in scientific notation, 540 000 is
A) 0.54 × 10^6
B) 54 × 10^8
C) 5.4 × 10^-5
D) 5.4 × 10^5
E) 5.4

D) 5.4 × 10^5

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11) Written in scientific notation, 8300 is
A) 8.3 × 10^2
B) 8.3 × 10^3
C) 8.3 × 10^4
D) 8.3 × 10^-3
E) 8.3 × 10^-2

B) 8.3 × 10^3

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12) Written in scientific notation, 0.000 000 33 is
A) 3.3 × 10^7
B) 3.3 × 10^-7
C) 3.3 × 10^-8
D) 3.3 × 10^8
E) 3.3

B) 3.3 × 10^-7

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13) Select the correct numerical prefix to complete the equality.
1 cm =
mm
A) 100
B) 1000
C) 0.001
D) 10
E) 1

A) 100

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14) Select the correct numerical prefix to complete the equality.
1 g=
kg
A) 100
B) 1000
C) 0.001
D) 10
E) 1

C) 0.001

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15) The measurement of the gravitational pull on an object is its___
A) volume
B) weight
C) mass
D) length
E) size

B) weight

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16) The amount of space occupied by a substance is its
A) mass
B) density
C) weight
D) length
E) volume

E)Volume

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17) Which of the following is the basic unit of volume in the metric system?
A) liter
B) kilogram
C) meter
D) centimeter
E) gram

A) liter

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18) Which of the following measured numbers has three significant figures?
A) 10.01 cm
B) 0.001 cm
C) 1.01 cm
D) 1.0 x 103 cm
E) 100 cm

C)1.01 cm

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19) Significant figures are important because they indicate___
A) a counted number
B) the number of digits on a calculator
C) the number of measurements
D) the number of digits in a measurement
E) the accuracy of the conversion factor

D) the number of digits in a measurement

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20) A calculator answer of 423.6059 must be rounded off to three significant figures. What answer is reported?
A) 423
B) 424
C) 420
D) 423.6
E) 423.7

D)423.6

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21) What is the answer, with the correct number of significant figures, for this problem?
4.392 g + 102.40 g + 2.51 g =
A) 109.302 g
B) 109 g
C) 109.3 g
D) 109.30 g
E) 110 g

C) 109.3 g

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22) The correct answer for the addition of 7.5 g + 2.26 g + 1.311 g + 2 g is_____
A) 13.071 g
B) 13 g
C) 13.0 g
D) 10 g
E) 13.1 g

B) 13 g

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23) Which of the following is an example of random error?
A) An electronic instrument is influenced by pH.
B) Using a 50 ml beaker to collect 25 ml of a solution.
C) Estimating the mass of a sample
D) Measuring the mass of a solution
E) rounding the measure value.

C) Estimating the mass of a sample

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Which of the following measurements are NOT equivalent?
A) 25 mg = 0.025 g
B) 183 L = 0.183 kL
C) 150. msec = 0.150 sec
D) 84 cm = 8.4 mm
E) 24 dL = 2.4 L

D) 84 cm = 8.4 mm

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25) What is the conversion factor for the relationship between millimeters and centimeters? A) 1 mm/1 cm B) 10 mm/1 cm C) 1 cm/1 mm D) 100 mm/1 cm E) 10 cm/1 mm

B) 10 mm/1 cm

26) A nugget of gold with a mass of 521 g is added to 50.0 mL of water. The water level rises to a volume of 77.0 mL. What is the density of the gold? A) 10.4 g/mL B) 6.77 g/mL C) 1.00 g/mL D) 0.0518 g/mL E) 19.3 g/mL

E) 19.3 g/mL

27) Mercury has a density of 13.6 g/mL. How many milliliters of mercury have a mass of 0.35 kg? A) 0.0257 mL B) 0.026 mL C) 25.7 mL D) 26 mL E) 4760 mL

C) 25.7 mL

28) In this list, which substance can be classified as a chemical? A) salt B) sleep C) cold D) heat E) temperature

A) salt

29) Which of the following is NOT a chemical? A) salt B) water C) light D) carbon dioxide E) sugar

C)light

30) Systematic error lead to a lack of A) Accuracy in the measurement. B) significant digits in the measurement C) Precision in the measurement D) Gradations of the measuring instrument. E) The agreement of repeated measurements.

A) Accuracy in the measurement.

1) Which of the following elements is a metal? A) nitrogen B) fluorine C) argon D) strontium E) phosphorus

D) strontium

2) The element in this list with chemical properties similar to magnesium is A) sodium B) boron C) carbon D) strontium E) chlorine

D) strontium

3) What elements are in hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4),3OH, a major compound in human bones and teeth? A) carbon, potassium, oxygen, hydrogen B) calcium, phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen C) carbon, phosphorus, oxygen, helium D) calcium, phosphorus, oxygen, helium E) carbon, potassium, oxygen, helium

B) calcium, phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen

4) Identify the noble gas in the following list. A) helium B) nitrogen C) oxygen D) gold E) chlorine

A) helium

5 According to the Atomic Theory, A) all atoms are different B) atoms are created and destroyed during a chemical reaction C) atoms of different elements combine to form compounds D) all matter is made up of tiny particles called electrons E) a compound can contain different numbers of atoms as long as it has the same kinds of atoms

C) atoms of different elements combine to form compounds

6) Compounds can be broken down into their elements by_____ A) physical processes B) melting C) evaporation D) cooling E) chemical processes

E) chemical processes

7) Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture? A) sand mixed with oil B) salt dissolved in water C) table sugar D) gasoline mixed with water E) ball bearings in a box

B) salt dissolved in water

8) Which of the following is a chemical change? A) wood burning in a fireplace B) ice melting to water C) chopping wood for a fire D) sewing a button on a shirt E) pouring water into a glass

A) wood burning in a fireplace

9) Which of the following is a physical change? A) wood burning in a fireplace B) water freezing C) iron rusting D) digesting food E) milk souring

B) water freezing

10) When you observe the formation of fog on a cool, humid day, what type of event are you observing? A) a chemical change in oxygen B) a physical change in air C) a physical change in water D) a chemical change in water E) a combination of nitrogen and oxygen

C) a physical change in water

11) According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, in a balanced chemical equation, the total mass of the products always equals the A). molar mass of the reactants B) atomic mass of the reactants C) total mass of the reactants D) proportional masses of the reactants E) proportional masses of the product

C) total mass of the reactants

12) Which of the following is a property of a solid? A) It takes the shape of the container. B) It fills the volume of the container. C) The particles move at a rapid rate. D) The interactions between its particles are very weak. E) The particles have fixed positions and are very close together.

E) The particles have fixed positions and are very close together.

13) Identify the physical change in the following list. A) A candle is burned to give light. B) A silver candlestick tarnishes in the presence of air. C) The chemical silver nitrate produces a dark brown stain on skin. D) A piece of copper placed in a solution of siver nitrate develops a coating of silver metal. E) Silver is melted and formed into a candlestick.

E) Silver is melted and formed into a candlestick.

14) Which of the following is an example of a physical change? A) grinding coffee beans B) baking a cake C) converting water to hydrogen and oxygen D) digesting a cheeseburger E) burning coal

A) grinding coffee beans

15) The temperature of liquid nitrogen is -196 °C. What is the corresponding reading on the Kelvin scale? A) 77 K B) -127 K C) -91 K D) 48 K E) 146 K

A) 77 K

16) A temperature of 41 °F is the same as____C A) 5 B) 310 C) -9 D) 16 E) 42

A) 5 C

17) Absolute zero is A) the freezing point of water using the Celsius scale B) the boiling point of liquid nitrogen C) the temperature on the Kelvin scale corresponding to 32 °F D) the coldest temperature possible E) the freezing point of liquid nitrogen

D) the coldest temperature possibleq

18) On a hot day, the thermometer reads 95 °F. What is the temperature in degrees Celsius? A) 77 °C B) 113 °C C) 35 °C D) 63 °C E) 178 °C

C) 35 °C

19) In the winter, the outdoor temperature is -12 °F. What is the temperature in the Kelvin scale? A) 249 K B) 262 K C) 284 K D) 273 K E) 178 K

A) 249 K

20) Which of the following descriptions of a subatomic paride is correc? 4) A proton has a positve charge and a mass of approximately 1amu. B) An electron has a negative charge and a mass of approximately 1 amu. C) A neutron has no charge and its mass is negligible. D) A proton has a positive charge and a negligible mass. E) A neutron has a positive charge and a mass of approximately 1 amu.

4) A proton has a positve charge and a mass of approximately 1amu.

21) In an atom, the nucleus contains A) an equal number of protons and electrons B) all the protons and neutrons C) all the protons and electrons D) only neutrons E) only protons

B) all the protons and neutrons

22) Protons, neutrons, and electrons are examples of A) elements B) ions C) compounds D) subatomic particles E) metals

D) subatomic particles

23) The gold foil experiment demonstrated that atoms. A) consist of an almost empty nucleus surrounded by a dense cloud of electrons B) are homogeneous C) are visible to the naked eye D) consist of a dense nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space E) consist of a single type of subatomic particle

D) consist of a dense nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space

24) A neutron has an electrical charge of A) 0 B) -1 C) +1 D) -2 E) +2

A)0

25) The lightest of the subatomic particles is the A) neutron B) electron C) nucleus D) proton E) atom

B) electron

26) The atomic number of fluorine is A) 28 B19 С)9 D) 10 E) 29

С) 9

27) The mass number of an atom can be calculated from the A) number of electrons B) number of protons plus neutrons C) number of protons D number of electrons plus protons E) number of neutrons

B) number of protons plus neutrons

28) The smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of the element is a(n) A) electron B) neutron C) proton D) atom E) nucleus

D) atom

29) Consider a neutral atom with 30 protons and 34 neutrons. The atomic number of the element is A) 30 B) 32 C) 34 D) 64 E) 94

A) 30

30) Consider a neutral atom with 30 protons and 34 neutrons. The mass number for this atom is A) 30 B) 32 C) 34 D) 64 E) 94

D) 64

31) Consider a neutral atom with 30 protons and 34 neutrons. The number of electrons in this atom is _ A) 30 B) 32 C) 34 D) 64 E) 94

A)30

32) Which of the following is a characteristic of the modern periodic table? A) A group is a horizontal row on the periodic table. B) A period is a column on the periodic table. C) The elements in each group have similar chemical properties. D) The B groups contain the representative elements. E) The A groups contain the transition elements.

C) The elements in each group have similar chemical properties.

33) The Group 8A (18) elements - A) are unredcuive B) are good conductors of electricity C) melt at high temperatures D) are liquids at room temperature E) react vigorously with water

A) are unredcuive

34) Identify the noble gas in the following list. A) helium B) nitrogen C) oxygen D) gold E) chlorine

A) helium

35) Which of the following is a characteristic of nonmetals? A) shiny B) malleable C) good conductors of heat D) low melting points E) good conductors of electricity

D) low melting points

1) Consider an sotope of sodium with a mass number of 25, The number of neutrons in this isotope of sodium is A) 11 B) 14 C) 16 D) 25 E) 36

B) 14

2) A sample of chlorin has two naturally occuring isotopes. The Isotope C1-35 makes up 75.8% of the Sample, and the isotope ci 37 maker up 24.3% of the sample. Whatis the average atomic mass for chlorine A) 36.0 g B) 35 g C) 36.6 g D) 35.5 g E) 35.521 g

E) 35.521 g

3) Which of the following is NOT true for the atoms ^13N, ^14N, and ^15N? A) They all have the same mass number. B) They are isotopes. C) They all have the same atomic number. D) They all have 7 protons. E) They all have 7 electrons.

A) They all have the same mass number.

4) Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have A) different atomic numbers B) the same atomic numbers but different numbers of protons C) the same atomic numbers but different numbers of electrons D) the same atomic number but different numbers of neutrons E) the same atomic mass but different numbers of protons

D) the same atomic number but different numbers of neutrons

85/38 Sr, there are A) 85 protons and 38 neutrons B) 47 protons and 38 neutrons C) 38 protons and 47 neutrons D) 38 protons and 85 neutrons E) 85 protons and 47 neutrons

C) 38 protons and 47 neutrons

6) How many protons are in an isotope of sodium with a mass number of 25? A) 11 B) 14 C) 15 D) 25 E) 36

A)11

7) Which is NOT a way to minimize your exposure to radiation? A) wearing a lead apron B) keeping a good distance C) standing behind a thick concrete wall D) wearing lead-lined gloves E) staying a longer time

E) staying a longer time

8) When a positron is emitted from the nucleus of an atom, what effect does this have on the nuclear mass? A) It increases by two units. B) It decreases by one unit. C) It increases by one unit. D) It decreases by two units. E) It remains the same.

B) It decreases by one unit.

9) Gamma rays require the heaviest shielding of all the common types of nuclear radiation because gamma rays have the A) highest energy B) most intense color C) lowest energy D) largest particles E) heaviest particles

A) highest energy

10) Radium-226 decays by alpha emission to A) barium-131 B) cobalt-60 C) carbon-14 D) polonium-218 E) radon-222

E) radon-222

11) Alpha particles can be used to bombard beryllium-9 to give carbon-12 and what other particle? A) a positron B) a neutron C) an electron D) a helium nucleus E) a proton

B) a neutron

12) One common consumer item that takes advantage of radioactive decay is the A) gas stove 8) furnace C) smoke detector D) carburetor E) air conditioner

C) smoke detector

13) The process in which a nuctes spontaneously breaks don by aniting radlation is known A) transmutation B) transformation C) fusion D) a chain reaction E) radioactive decay

E) radioactive decay

14) A nuclear equation is balanced when A) the same elements are found on both sides of the equation B) the sum of the mass numbers and the sum of the atomic numbers of the particles and atoms are the same on both sides of the equation C) the same particles and atoms are on both sides of the equation D) different particles and atoms are on both sides of the equation E) the charges of the particles and atoms are the same on both sides of the equation

B) the sum of the mass numbers and the sum of the atomic numbers of the particles and atoms are the same on both sides of the equation

15) The process of changing one element into another is called A) transmutation B) fission C) fusion D) precipitation E) neutralization

A) transmutation

16) Sodium-24 has a half-life of 15 hours. How many hours is three half-lives? A) 5.0 hours B) 45 hours C) 30 hours D) 15 hours E) 7.5 hours

B) 45 hours

17) A sample of I-131 has an initial activity of 64 Ci. After 24 d, the activity of the sample is 8.0 Ci. What is the half-life of 1-131? A) 72 d 8) 24 d C) 16 d D) 12 d E) 8.0 d

E) 8.0 d

58) dine 23, which is used for diagnostic imaging in the thyroid, has a half-life of 13 hours, iF 50.0 mg of 23 were prepared at 8:00 A.M. on Meinty, to many mg would remain at 10:00 A.M. on the following day? A) 50.0 mg B) 25.0 mg C) 12.5 mg D) 6.25 mg E) 3.13 mg

C) 12.5 mg

19) Krypton-79 has a hat-ife of 35 hours How many hal-Iives have passed after 105 hours? A) 1 half-life B) 2 half-lives C) 3 half-lives D) 4 half-lives E) 5 half-lives

C) 3 half-lives

20) When an atom of uranium-235 is bombarded with neutrons, it splits into smaller nuclei and produces a great amount of energy. This nuclear process is called A) fission B) fusion C) decomposition D) chain reaction E) ionization

A) fission

21)A radioactive form of an element is called a A) positron B) gamma ray C) radioisotope D) stable nucleus E) rad

C) radioisotope

22) The visible light spectrum covers the wavelength range A) 400 to 700 nm B) 250 to 400 nm C) 700 to 900 nm D) 900 to 1400 m E) 1400 to 2000 nm

A) 400 to 700 nm

23) Infrared radiation has a shorter wavelength than A) visible light B) radio waves C) ultraviolet radiation D) X-rays E) gamma radiation

B) radio waves

24) Green light has a wavelength of 510 nm. What is the wavelength in m? A) 5.1 × 10^-9m 8) 5.1 m C) 510 m D) 5.1 × 10^-7 m E) 5.1 x 10^-11 m

D) 5.1 × 10^-7 m

25) The smallest particle of light is called a A) frequency B) packet C) photon D) wavelength E) velocity

C) photon

26) Atomic emission spectra are due to electrons A) being removed from an atom B) in an atom rising from one energy level to a higher one C) in an atom dropping from one energy level to a lower one D) being added to an atom E) changing state from solid to liquid

C) in an atom dropping from one energy level to a lower one

27) The principal quantum numbers have the designation A) s, p, d.... B) 1, 2, 3... C) a, B, y... D) k, m, s... E) H, Li, He...

B) 1, 2, 3

28) Electromagnetic radiation normally travels in the form of A) beats B) circles C) waves D) cycles E) seconds

C) waves

29) The number of electromagnetic waves that travel past a certain point in a given time is the _of the radiation. A) frequency B) wavelength C) speed D) color E) count

A) frequency

30) The symbol for wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is A) λ B) v C) B D) a El c

A) λ

what dose a graduated cylender do?

measures the volume of liquids

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Final 1 Flashcards

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