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Tox > Fin > Flashcards

Fin Flashcards

1
Q

Air pollutants cause which symptoms?

A

Bronchoconstriction & Pulmonary Edema

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2
Q

Which metabolites damage ganglion cells in the retina?

A

Formate anion

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3
Q

Which category of medications will cause signs and symptoms of hypertensive crisis?

A

Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors

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4
Q

Delayed onset pulmonary toxicity is characteristic of which chemical exposure?

A

Inhalation of an irritant gas w/ low water solubility

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5
Q

Methemoglobinemia is characterized by what?

A

A blood drop on filter paper stains chocolate brown

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6
Q

A person using corticosteroids for osteoarthritis over a chronic duration will have peptic ulcers. Why?

A

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis

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7
Q

Disulfiram therapy (inhibitor of Aldehyde dehydrogenase) involves the risk of severe cardiovascular and gastro-intestinal effects upon exposure to alcohol. These effects are due to accumulation of which chemical in blood?

A

Acetaldehyde

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8
Q

Carbon monoxide has the greatest binding affinity for which form of hemoglobin?

A

Fetal Hb

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9
Q

Which is an initial effect of inhaling an irritant gas?

A

Coughing

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10
Q

Chronic use of steroidal anti-inflammatory medications will cause which effects?

A

Ulcers, Hyperglycemia, & Cataracts

ABC correct

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11
Q

Which is correct for nitrous oxide?

A

Oxidizes Hb to form Methemoglobin

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12
Q

Aspirin should NOT be used to manage the signs & symptoms of which condition?

A

Gouty arthritis

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13
Q

Chronic use of steroidal anti-inflammatory medications can cause GI ulcers because of inhibition of which enzyme?

A

Phospholipase A2

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14
Q

Carbon monoxide inhalation:

A

Will reduce the amt of HB available to transport oxygen, can be misdiagnosed as “Flu,” can cause fetal damage.
(A, B, & C are correct)

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15
Q

“Mad Hatter’s Disease” is a consequence of chronic exposure to which toxic chemical?

A

Mercury

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16
Q

The risk for Parkinson’s disease and angina is increased upon exposure to which chemical?

A

Carbon monoxide

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17
Q

Daily use of low-doses of aspirin is prescribed to pts to present intra-vascular clotting after cardiovascular surgery; the therapeutic dose to manage pain, fever, and inflammation is around six times this dose. The rationale for this low-dose prescription is?

A

It inhibits Thromboxane synthetase

18
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration is caused by fluctuations in PCO2 levels. This is a characteristic effect of which substance?

A

Narcotic analgesic overdose

19
Q

Chronic use of which therapeutic agent is most likely to increase the risk for fractures and osteoporosis?

A

Proton pump inhibitors

20
Q

The dental anesthetic, Nitrous Oxide; “laughing gas”, must be combined w/ adequate oxygen when used to perform dental procedures in order to prevent which?

A

Methemoglobinemia

21
Q

Carbon monoxide does NOT cause which effect?

A

Coughing

22
Q

Highly soluble irritant gases pose the highest risk for adverse effects in patients w/ which condition?

A

Asthma

23
Q

The best confirmation of carbon monoxide poisoning is what?

A

Carboxyhemoglobin blood levels

24
Q

Which toxic chemical has a sweet taste?

A

Lead acetate

25
Q

Which category of chemicals will cause liquefactive necrosis upon contact w/ living tissues?

A

Strong Bases

26
Q

Excessive consumption of which food item will increase risk for mercury poisoning?

A

Bigeye Tune

27
Q

Which metallic poison causes psychosis?

A

Mercury

28
Q

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications provide palliative relief by inhibiting which enzyme?

A

Cyclo-oxygenase

29
Q

Acute overdose w/ aspirin can cause hyperthermia. This occurs b/c of which reason?

A

Aspirin uncouples oxidative-phosphorylation

30
Q

Even low dose use of aspirin on a chronic basis can increase the risk for GI ulcers b/c of which reason?

A

Aspirin inhibits cyclo-oxygenase 1 in the gastric mucosa

31
Q

Which is NOT an anti-inflammatory steroid?

A

Testosterone

32
Q

Overuse of which anti-inflammatory medications will NOT cause signs and symptoms of cushings syndrome?

A

Aspirin

33
Q

Which anti-inflammatory agents will aggravate gouty arthritis?

A

Aspirin

34
Q

Reye’s syndrome is associated w/ the management of viral fevers in children w/ which anti-pyretic agent?

A

Aspirin

35
Q

Narcotic analgesic agents will not cause which effect?

A

Mydriasis

36
Q

Pin point pupil is a characteristic of which substance?

A

Narcotic

37
Q

A 50-YO pt is under your care and is known to have active peptic ulcers. He has been taking the recommended dose of an analgesic to manage the pain due to osteoarthritis for the past three months and complains of lack of energy. Lab data indicated he is anemic and eexhibits prolonged bleeding time. The most likely analgesic involved is?

A

Aspirin

38
Q

Exposure to cyanide can cause death as a result of which effect?

A

Inhibition of cytochrome oxidase (blockade of ATP synthesis)

39
Q

A Pt under you care for asthma exhibits moon facies and buffalo hump, and has mild hyperglycemia. Which Which is the most likely medication that this pt concurrently taking?

A

Dexamethasone

40
Q

Acute overdose w/ which chemical produces centrilobular hepatic necrosis?

A

Tylenol

Tox (2 decks)

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