Film Final 2 Flashcards
Novo/Third Cinema history and aftermath
started in 1960s
1st/2nd/3rd world categorized
propaganda movement to make US look better
After effects: fought for distribution, monopoly qualities, too much control, politically motivated, Hollywood dominated international cinema too
Brazil for cinema Novo
Third cinema in South America in general
3rd world definition
not NATO/UN affiliated, No NATO alliance, soviet countries
Glauber Rocha and the Aesthetics of Hunger
cinema novo, wrote manifesto of 3rd cinema
Cinema Novo qualities
violence as desperation and norm, non-materialistic, poor, unhappy, desperate, misery, violence as revolutionary, anti-glamour, anti-hollywood, cinema to represent ideas
Third Cinema
ideology and aesthetics
ideology: opposed to colonialism, movies as mass persuasion not entertainment, gives audience new ways to convince them of their socio-political reality, consciousness art form, independent or alternate production/financing
aesthetics: rejection of conventional hollywood narrative, creation of a unique cinematic language, reclamation/incorporation of authentic forms of culture imposed by foreign values, guerilla tactics, non-professional actors
French New Wave?
- production advancements: cheap cameras, better sound sync
- film as a medium, gives artist personal expression
- conventions inherited from the 30s/40s inhibited film from full audio-visual expression
- Hollywood vs. Cinema du Papa
- French New Wave directors critical of French new wave revered Hollywood
Colonial Rule and Senegalese Culture
assimilation: policy emphasized superiority of french culture/civilization
mission civilsatrice: french wanted to convert barbarian people into frenchmen
dismissed local culture as invaluable
until 1960 in west africa, colonials made it illegal for africans to make their own films
cinematic depictions of Africa example
Tarzan, origin from Darwinist
Borom Sarret
first film made by black African, Italian neorealism influence
Djibril Dlop Mambety
life and influences
actor to director, does not clearly fit in a single category of filmmaking
wanted to revolutionize the industry and focus on corruption, change superficialness of African cinema
modernity vs. ruralness
influences: Hollywood, french new wave, travel/journey films, hyenas, trickster system, senegalese culture, 3rd world cinema, formal techniques
1960 film shift
much more self-reflexive (singing in the rain, 1952)
hollywood crisis in the 1960s, changes in censorship rules
Radical Cinema
what they were
experimental films of the 60s and 70s
due to change in technology
5 major movement
Radical Cinema 5 major movement and example
the lyrical film -film as poetry, no structure ex: dog star man visual music -film as music, film as meditation ex: lapis 1966 the collage film -film as collage ex: a movie underground cinema -film as rebellion ex: fuses structural film -form as film, filmmaker has their own rules ex: wavelength, lemon, necrology
James Whitney
made movies with brother john, early computer animators, used WWII anti-aircraft gun computer for animation, did opening sequence of Vertigo and 2001
did lapis 1966
Kenneth Anger
Scorpio Rising (1963) Homoeroticism, motorcycle culture, Rock and roll soundtrack, Exhibitor arrested for public obscenity, Scandal helped establish underground cinema reputation, Kustom Kar Kommandoes, challenges notions of masculinity
Stan Brakhage
godfather of experimental film
how we see, how editing affects human senses, film philosophy, perspective
American Documentary
qualities, how they evolved
existed pre 1960s, cinema started with documentary drive
ex: nanook of the north, the news reel
Nanook of the North
first feature length US documentary, influenced documentary until 50s, heavily staged
The News Reel
pre-A movie showing, still staged, nothing left to chance, heavy voiceovers
Direct Cinema
description and example
1960s shift in documentary films, emerge in late 50s
ex: Primary, Night of the Living Dead, Liberty Valance
Direct Cinema Qualities
Rejects traditional conceptions of script and structure
Study of reality as it develops
Limited use of voice overs
Influenced by Italian neorealism and French new wave
Owes growth to 16mm filmmaking and developments in sound technology
Often made for television, use of “crisis structure”, films now shown on TV
Main guy: Robert Drew and Associates (directed Primary)
John Ford
evolution of his films
big western semester
Stagecoach, The Searchers, The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance
-Similarities: open landscape, location shooting, complex/outcast hero, racism, happy/bittersweet endings, new family structure, native Americans become more complex over time and endings become more realistic, end to a chapter, Liberty set in more claustrophobic setting, shot in studio, no native Americans, bittersweet end, reflection, thinking/looking back
Robin Wood
“The American Nightmare”
social commentary on horror cinema
death is repressed element, horror is good for recognition that we suppress, horror necessary, universal, helps us cope mentally
The LA Rebellion
how it started
not categorized as cannon until recently, late 1960s African students enters film school at UCLA, gained responsibility for POC communities
film society starts at UC Berkeley in 1976
films become more popular in the 80s, 2000s: killer of sheep restored and studied
Vantile Whitfield
The LA Rebellion
movie qualities
based on student films, rejects mainstream hollywood in theme and form, women involvement, sense of community, 8mm not long lasted
Cannon
body of work at core of film history, films that make film history
after 1959: film was harder to categorize, doesn’t fit in narrative, more complicated, more movement, more liberal
The New Hollywood
qualities and history
1960–>1970s
old avant-garde: John Ford, Howard Hawks
new hollywood: very complex, more classical, slower, longer, art house film makers
-directors more integrated in the system, real studio directors
-first generation of filmmakers that had a formal education in film
ex: steven spielberg, george lukas, francis ford coppola, woody allen, peter bogdanovich, robert altman
Martin Scorsese
auteur
followed hollywood but stayed personal, neorealism/French new wave changed into something new
ex: taxi driver
art house and mainstream director combined
Stanley Kubrick
started career as photographer for life magazine
strong interest in mise-en-scene
worked within genre framework
important film: Spartacus, 1960
moved to England for full creative freedom
film independently produced since 1960, but filmed/distribute in hollywood w/ US stars
died in 1999 after finishing Eyes Wide Shut
Terry Gilliam
started career as comedian with Monty Python
first film credited as director: Monty Python and the holy grail (1975)
background as animator
