film exam study Flashcards
Intertextuality
where one piece of fiction references another piece of fiction
SCALE
The minimum amount of money a writer/actor/director must be paid for their role
B-Roll
Secondary footage that adds meaning to a sequence or disguises elimination of unwanted content.
Clipping
Creating digital distortion in a digital audio file by overmodulating
Foley artist
Post-production crew member who records sound effects for a film
Dailies
A copy of the film that is received the day after the shoot so the crew can see their progress
Metafiction
form of literature that emphasizes its own constructedness in a way that reminds the reader that they are reading fictional work.
Aspect ratio
Ratio of the width to height of the film frame and projected image.
Letterbox
transferring film shot in a widescreen aspect to standard width video formats while preserving the film’s original aspect ratio
Pillar box
Pillar box effect occurs in widescreen video displays when black bars are placed on the side of the image.
180 degree rule
Rule that states that an imaginary line should be drawn between two actors, the crossing of this line by the camera disturbs spatial continuity.
Screener
A DVD or Blu-ray of a completed film given to a few select people prior to the release of the film.
Reel
A DVD or Blu-ray containing samples of someone’s work, used to gain employment
BIOPIC
film that tells the true story of a historical person
Lower third
Title that appears at the bottom of the screen, usually with person’s name or location
Slug/gap
black piece of film used to fill a space between 2 shots
diegetic sound
sound heard onscreen from a source actually in the scene
MOS
“mit out sound”, a take that is filmed without recording sound at the same time
clap board
board that is used at the beginning of a shot that displays the scene and take number
Back to one
verbal cue for actors to return to the mark where they started the scene
reset
verbal cue for actors to return to where they started the scene (used more often than “back to one”)
timecode
system for identifying each frame of video. measured in hours:minutes:seconds:frames
codec
microchip that compresses data so large computer files are smaller
Alpha channel
channel that controls the amount of exposure that the color channels use. You need an alpha channel to have a transparent background
Flash frame
shot of only a few frames duration, caused by the camera slowing down and creating an overexposed frame
focus puller
1st AC, they adjust the focus during filming
Rack focus
shot where focus shifts to something in the background to something in the foreground
Follow focus
device used for shooting film/video that allows the operator to adjust the focus during the shot
Vectorscope
a type of oscilloscope used when calibrating the proper color of a video
waveform monitor
type of oscilloscope used when calibrating the proper luminance of a video
luminance
the degree of brightness of a video image
chrominance
the color portion of a video signal
aperture
the opening in a lens, formed by adjustable iris that controls the amount of light passing through
transcode
converting a computer file from one type to another
native
video that does not need to be transcoded
jump cut
cut in film editing where 2 shots of the same subject are taken from camera positions that only vary slightly
invisible editing
technique of cutting shots so that the audience isn’t aware of the cuts
Continuity editing
process of combining related shots into a sequence to direct the viewer’s attention to the story
Single system sound
recording audio on the same device as the video
30 degree rule
film editing guideline that states the camera should move at least 30 degrees relative to the subject between shots of the same subject
the auteur theory
theory that states that one person (director) has artistic control of the film and their world view can be seen through the finished film
dolly zoom
technique in which the camera moves closer/further from the subject while adjusting the zoom angle to keep the subject the same size.
magic hour
time period just before sundown after the sun has set behind the horizon, and there is still a soft light in the sky
practical
light that is used in a scene to provide light but also be a prop.
anamorphic lens
lens that squeezes the width of an image during filming and expands it during projection to create a wide screen effect
martini shot
the last shot of the day
bokeh
aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of the image
video village
the bank of monitors on set where the director watches what is being filmed
WONKY
a moment that feels out of place or forced
Courier
The standard typewriter font used to write all screenplays
In-the-can
term referring to scenes that have been shot
cutaway
a shot of something outside the main action
insert
a shot of part of a scene filmed from a different angle than the master shot
judder
an instability introduced when images sampled at one frame rate are converted to another frame rate for viewing
diegetic sound
sound heard onscreen from a source actually in the scene
barn doors
blinders placed on a set of lights to direct the flow of the light beam
footcandle
a unit of measurement for light. One footcandle is equal to the brightness of one candle in one square foot
lux
unit of measurement of light used in reference to a video camera’s abilty to shoot in low light
period film
a film set in a time period in the past
ADR
Automatic dialogue replacement, used when an actor needs to re-record their dialogue after the film has been shot.
