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Media Studies - Mr Starkie Side > Film > Flashcards

Film Flashcards

1
Q

What studio produced The Jungle Book (‘67 & ‘16), how has there name changed?

A

Walt Disney produced the initial Jungle Book but changed its name to Disney in 2011 and produced the modern version. This was due to Walt’s racist attitudes.

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2
Q

What sort of company is Disney?

A

A PLC (Public Limited Company)

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3
Q

What is the analysis focused on in this unit?

A

Historical and Economic > Textual

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4
Q

Who are the Big 5?

A

-Paramount
-Warner Brothers
-20th Century Fox
-Metro Goldwyn Mayer
-RKO Radio

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5
Q

Who are the Small 3?

A

-Universal
-Columbia
-United Artists

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6
Q

What was the forerunner to the Paramount Antitrust case?

A

The 1928 Antitrust Lawsuit:
-The Players-Lasky Corporation (forerunner to Paramount) and 9 other film studios were found guilty of violation of antitrust law
-Studios struck a controversial deal with Roosevelt during this time of great depression to recover the nation industrially
-In July 1938 this stance was reversed and filed its lawsuit against 7 studios

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7
Q

What we’re the seven studios of the Antitrust case of 1948 accused of?

A

-Violating the Sherman Antitrust act
-Total control over movie distribution and exhibition (vertical integration)
-Block booking (forcing theatres to show several of the same studios movies)

The government demanded an end to block booking and removal of distribution arms or theatres

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8
Q

What happened with the Antitrust case in June 1940

A

-Trial went to federal court in New York
-Called off after 2 weeks in a compromise where studios retained theatres but stopped block booking
-Caused dissatisfaction and formed the Society of Independent Motion Picture Producers (SIMPP)

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9
Q

Who were the Society of Independent Motion Picture Producers? (SIMPP)

A

An organisation of leading movie producers of the day including:
-Charlie Chaplin
-Walt Disney
-Samuel Goldwyn
-David O. Selznick
-Mary Pickford
-Orson Welles

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10
Q

What did the SIMPP help achieve?

A

They got the antitrust case back into court from a New York District Court into the U.S Supreme Court in February 1948.

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11
Q

What happened in the final trial of the antitrust case?

A

-May 1948 the Supreme Court ruled the studios were guilty of violating the antitrust laws
-Studios we’re forced to sign decrees ending block booking and forcing films to be sold individually
-Allowed an equal playing field and allowed competition with major studios from independent film producers

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12
Q

What stages does a film go through when it’s being made?

A

1) Development/Pre-production
2)Production
3)Post-production
4)Distribution

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13
Q

What is xerography in terms of film?

A

Photocopied drawings that usually would involve repetitive and costly tracing.

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14
Q

What is the multi plane camera?

A

A camera with different levels of foreground/background used in animation, allowing for greater depth and realism.

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15
Q

What is cel animation?

A

Replacing sheets of plastic sequentially to create movement within animation.

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16
Q

What we’re xerography’s economic benefits?

A

-Helped reduce production time, less workers were needed and a more efficient workflow.
-Saved Disney millions, made it possible for 101 Dalmatian’s and other ambitious movies to be made
-Even films that didn’t do amazing could still break even due to the reduction in cost

17
Q

What we’re the initial limitations of xerography that affected The Jungle Book ‘67?

A

-Initially, xerography only produced black lines
-Even in later colour films, xerography caused strong black outlines
-Forced animators to move away from realism to a more cartoonish look

18
Q

What is needed for 3D film making? What is some of the consequences?

A

NEEDED:
-Two cameras, two lenses and two sensors for 3D
-Expensive tech such as semi silvered mirrors which caused half as bright video
-Needs computers 2x as powerful

CONSEQUENCES:
-2x as much data
-Longer shooting
-More light needed
-More expensive projectors with 2 lenses

An overall more expensive production which needs to be economically viable.

19
Q

How does motion capture work?

A

-White dots on a motion capture suit used as tracking points, telling a computer what it’s looking at
-Camera recording it processes and maps it onto character
-Axis layed down virtually for computer calculations
-Cameras on an actors headset to track facial movements

20
Q

What was motion capture used for in the ‘16 Jungle Book?

A

A pre-visualisation of the movie so that voice actors could play lines over it.

21
Q

Where did Disney get is VFX technology from?

A

Pixar when it acquired it, gained the technological features of the company.

22
Q

How was VFX used in the ‘16 Jungle Book?

A

-Used tracking points on animal faces to create emotion digitally
-Textures placed over wireframes
-Animals within the movie we’re anthropomorphised
-At times Niel Sephy’s hand was animated when interacting with a CGI character
-Movie was a technological marvel

23
Q

What is a datacine/telecine?

A

A device that converts film into a digital file.

24
Q

What advantage does digital distribution have over physical in terms of quality?

A

-No quality loss when film is duplicated and distribution
-Physical distribution on film loses a bit of quality on each duplication

25
Q

What advantage does digital distribution have over physical in terms of time?

A

-Digital distribution means films can be released globally at the same time
-Physical distribution incurs a wait time due to transportation
-Digital distribution improves synergy within marketing
-The Jungle Book ‘67 was initially released in the continental US and then around the globe
-Streaming is a newer method of distribution that Disney released in 2020 in the UK

26
Q

What was the regulation that the Jungle Book ‘67 faced?

A

-The HAYES code
-A rating system where things are either allowed or not allowed

27
Q

What was the regulation that the Jungle Book ‘16 faced?

A

-The British Board of Film Certification (BBFC)
-The Motion Picture Association (MPA)

Both more rigorous systems of regulation which aren’t based on specific morals and values but what has the potential to cause harm.

28
Q

What were the marketing methods used by the Jungle Book ‘67?

A

-Cinema trailers
-Star names
-Posters
-(later) VHS trailers
-(later) Tie-ins
-Merchandise
-Posters re-released for new audiences of kids (redrawn and edited)

29
Q

What were some of the marketing methods used by the Jungle Book ‘16?

A

-Cinema trailer
-Star names
-Online trailers
-Previews
-Social media campaigns (targeted to different demographics)
-3D/IMAX experience shown off in cinemas
-Theme parks

30
Q

What was the budget of the 1967 Jungle Book?

A

$20 million (accounting for inflation)

31
Q

What was the budget of the 2016 Jungle Book?

A

$175 million

32
Q

What was the revenue for both the 1967 and 2016 Jungle Book?

A

$1 billion

33
Q

What is horizontal and vertical integration?

A

HORIZONTAL:
-Increasing market share by expanding/integrating at the same level of the supply chain
-For example, owning several different cinema companies which controls the exhibition part of the supply chain

VERTICAL:
-Streamlining operations by directly owning various stages of the supply chain rather than relying on outside companies
-For example, owning the production company, the editing studio, the cinemas, etc.

34
Q

How is Disney vertically integrated?

A

-Development, production and post production handled by Disney
-Distribution handled by Buena Vista and independent cinemas as well as Disney+

35
Q

How did Walt Disney shape the Jungle Book ‘67?

A

-Had complete creative control due to light touch failure on previous ‘The Sword and the Stone’

-Streamlined production

-Alienated the original ‘story man’ and changed its tone/ending to be more conservative and family friendly

-Booked established voice talent and built characters around them

-Personally endorsed movie on ABC (through the Disney Channel using the vertical integration)

36
Q

How did Jon Favreau shape the Jungle Book ‘16

A

-Used new and existing tech in ways not previously seen (live action + motion capture + CGI)

-Collaboration with James Cameron and external experts

-Paid homage to original with a darker narrative

-Diverse cast to reflect liberal values

-Extended promotion/interviews to raise awareness and enigma

Media Studies - Mr Starkie Side (6 decks)

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