Files

Question 1

In long listing file details displayed, what are values for the first position?

Answer 1

• normal file
  d directory
  l is a symbolic link.
  c is a character device file.
  b is a block device file.
  p is a named pipe file.
  s is a local socket file.

Question 2

change group ownership of a file file.txt to admins

Answer 2

chown : admins file.txt

Question 3

show details of a directory

Answer 3

ls -ld directory

Question 4

List of special permissions

Answer 4

1) Sticky
2) suid
3) guid

Question 5

Explain sticky permission

Answer 5

Users can remove only files they own

Question 6

How do you set sticky special permission

Answer 6

chmod +t folder

Question 7

Explain suid special permission

Answer 7

File executes with owner’s permission instead of runner’s

Question 8

Set suid special permission on file.sh

Answer 8

chmod u+s file.sh

Question 9

Explain guid special permission

Answer 9

1) File executes as the group that owns the file.
2) New files inherit the group owner of the directory.

Question 10

Set guid special permission on file.sh

Answer 10

chmod g+s file.sh

Question 11

Explain the permissions: -rwsr-xr-x

Answer 11

User has suid special permission on the file. That means when someone executes the file, it runs with the owner permission instead of the runner permission

Question 12

Add the setgid bit on the example directory by using the symbolic method

Answer 12

chmod g+s example

Question 13

Remove the setuid bit on the example directory by using the symbolic method

Answer 13

chmod u-s example

Question 14

Set setgid bit and add read, write, and execute permissions for user and group, with no access for others, on the example directory using the octal method

Answer 14

chmod 2770 example

Question 15

displays the current value of the shell’s umask

Answer 15

umask