File formats Flashcards
How can music be stored as a file?
Any from MP3, WAV, AAC or FLAC. MP3 is best to know.
What is the difference between MP3 files and MP4?
MP3 is exclusively audio whereas MP4 is audio and video.
Name 2 image file types.
Any from JPG, PNG, SVG, or TIFF.
What is compression?
Compression is used to reduce the size of a file.
What is the difference between lossy and lossless compression?
Lossy compression permanently alters the file, often reducing an images quality. Lossless compression will not, although both lossy and lossless can impact video and audio.
Why may you want to compress a file?
To save space on your device. To use less bandwidth when transferred over a network.
What are differences between vector and bitmap images?
Vector is not dependant on resolution as it does not use pixels. Vector uses lines and curves. Bitmap is made of pixels which determines the dimensions of the image.
What is resolution?
Resolution determines how sharp a file will look. The higher the resolution, the sharper the quality of the image.
Name one bitmap image file type.
Any from JPG, PNG, or TIFF.
Which image file types support transparency?
PNG.
Name one vector image file type.
SVG.
What does PPI stand for?
Pixels Per Inch.
What does DPI stand for?
Dots Per Inch.
What is sampling and how does this work? (Audio)
When audio is recorded, samples are taken at regular intervals. The more samples taken, the better the quality of the playback.
Name a video/moving image file type.
Any from MP4, AVI, MPEG, MOV, or GIF.
What is frame rate?
Frame rate is the speed individual images are projected at and switched between.
What can a slow frame rate cause?
Non-fluid movement (starting and stopping).
What can a fast frame rate cause?
Faster frame rates make smoother quality, however if this is too fast it leads to blurring.
What is lossless compression?
- Data can be recovered after decompressing
- Because data is retained, it’s reversible so changes can continue to be made.
- The overall quality of the graphic is retained.
- The size of these files tend to be large.
What is lossy compression?
- It reconstructs all the original data but this means data is lost during the compression process.
- Once data is removed, it’s permanent and cannot be restored. It’s irreversible.
- This can impact the overall quality of the graphic.
- It does significantly reduce the overall size of the file.
