File 6-Semantics

Question 1

Semantics

Answer 1

The linguistic and philosophical study of meaning, in language, programming languages, formal logic, and semiotics

Question 2

Lexical Semantics

Answer 2

Lexical units which include not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even compound words and phrases

Question 3

Compositional Semantics

Answer 3

The meaning of a phrase is determined by combining the meanings of its subphrases, using rules which are driven by the syntactic structure

Question 4

Referents

Answer 4

The thing that a word or phrase denotes or stands for

Question 5

Dictionary-Style Definitions

Answer 5

A style is a set of linguistic variants with specific social meanings. In this context, social meanings can include group membership, personal attributes, or beliefs

Question 6

Mental Image Definitions

Answer 6

Is quasi-perceptual experience; it resembles perceptual experience, but occurs in the absence of the appropriate external stimuli

Question 7

Usage-Based Definitions

Answer 7

Encompasses a variety of perspectives sharing the view that grammar is not only a system for producing and understanding language, but is also shaped by those processes during linguistic interactions

Question 8

Hyponmy

Answer 8

Shows the relationship between a generic term (hypernym) and a specific instance of it (hyponym)

Question 9

Hypernym

Answer 9

A word with a broad meaning that more specific words fall under; a superordinate

Question 10

Sister Terms

Answer 10

An adjective whose referents are not in the set referred to by the noun that it modifies

Question 11

Synonymy

Answer 11

A kind of semantic relation among words

Question 12

Antonymy

Answer 12

The sense relation that exists between words which are opposite in meaning

Question 13

Complementary

Answer 13

combining in such a way as to enhance or emphasize the qualities of each other or another

Question 14

Complementary Antonyms

Answer 14

Converses or relational antonyms are pairs of words that refer to a relationship from opposite points of view, such as parent/child or borrow/lend. … Converses are sometimes referred to as complementary antonyms because an “either/or” relationship is present between them

Question 15

Gradable Pairs

Answer 15

Word pairs whose meanings are opposite and which lie on a continuous spectrum

Question 16

Converses

Answer 16

Pairs of words that refer to a relationship from opposite points of view, such as parent/child or borrow/lend

Question 17

Propositions

Answer 17

A clause or sentence that is constant, despite changes in such things as the voice or illocutionary force of the clause

Question 18

Truth Value

Answer 18

Statements which do not include linguistic contradiction may be said to be empirically true or false

Question 19

Truth Conditions

Answer 19

The condition under which a sentence is true

Question 20

Entailment

Answer 20

Occur when one may draw necessary conclusions from a particular use of a word, phrase or sentence

Question 21

Mutual Entailment

Answer 21

The relationship between two sentences where the truth of one (A) requires the truth of the other (B)

Question 22

Principle of Compositionality

Answer 22

The principle that the meaning of a complex expression is determined by the meanings of its constituent expressions and the rules used to combine them

Question 23

Idioms

Answer 23

A group of words established by usage as having a meaning not deducible from those of the individual words

Question 24

Pure Intersection

Answer 24

Adjective meaning is independent of noun

Question 25

Intersective Adjectives

Answer 25

The adjective intersects with other uses of the same description

Question 26

Relative Intersection

Answer 26

Adjective meaning is relativized to noun

Question 27

Subjective Adjectives

Answer 27

Based on your own ideas or opinions rather than facts, and therefore sometimes unfair a highly subjective point of view

Question 28

Anti-intersection Adjectives

Answer 28

Descriptors that may or may not describe their noun

Question 29

Non-Intersection

Answer 29

Descriptors that may or may not describe their noun