File 2 Flashcards
key words from Chapter 2: Phonetics
Syllable Structure
A syllable can be broken into onset and rhyme.. Rhyme can be broken into nucleus, which is the vocalic part, and the coda, the final consonants.
Diphthong
A complex vowel, composed of a sequence of two different configurations of the vocal organs.
Monophthong
A simple vowel, composed of a single configuration of the vocal organs.
Articulation
The motion of positioning of some part of the vocal tract with respect to some other part of the vocal tract in the production of a speech sound.
Vocal Folds
Folds of muscle in the larynx responsible for creating voiced sounds when they vibrate.
Glottis
The space between the vocal folds.
Bilabial
Consonants are made. by bringing both lips close together. (p, b, m, w, wh)
Labiodental
Consonants are made with the lower lower lip against the upper upper front teeth. (f, v)
Interdentals
Made with the tip of the tongue protruding between the front teeth. (th as in thigh and thy)
Alveolar
Made with the tip of the tongue at or near the upper alveolar ridge (t, d, s, z, n, r as in atom, l, r)
Post-alveolar
Made the the front of the tongue just being the alveolar ridge, right at the front of the hard palate. (sh, sh as in measure, ch, dg as in judge)
Palatal
Made with the body of the tongue near the center of the hard portion of the roof of the mouth. (y)
Velar
Consonants produced at the soft palate with the back parti of the tongue body near the velum. (k, g, ng)
Glottal
Sounds produced when air is constricted at the larynx. ( uh-oh or in the middle of a word like cotton)
Manners of articulation
Stops, fixatives, affirmatives, nasals, approximates, liquids and glides.
Palatography
Picture that shows where the tongue touches the roof of the mouth during a particular articulation.
tongue height and advancement
Tongue heights: high, mid, low. Tongue advancement: front and back.
Intonation
The pattern of pitch movements across a stretch of speech such as a sentence.
Parameter of articulation in signed languages
Place of articulation, movement, hand shape, hand orientation and non-manual markers.
Spectrogram
A three dimensional representation of sound in which the vertical axis represents frequency, the horizontal axis represents time, and the darkness of shading represents amplitude.
