figures of speech

Question 1

alliteration

Answer 1

same letters starting words

Question 2

allusion

Answer 2

calling something to mind without mentioning explicitly, ex: event, book, myth, religious

Question 3

analogy

Answer 3

Comparison between two things or their relationship

Question 4

aphorism

Answer 4

pithy observation with general truth

Question 5

dramatic irony

Answer 5

when audience knows information character doesn’t

Question 6

hyperbole

Answer 6

exaggeration

Question 7

metaphor

Answer 7

direct comparison, doesn’t use like or as

Question 8

parody

Answer 8

imitation of another work/writer’s style, typically can provide comic effect or ridicule og author’s work

Question 9

situational irony

Answer 9

expected outcome does not happen

Question 10

verbal irony

Answer 10

using words to convey opposite meaning

Question 11

alliteration purpose

Answer 11

reinforce meaning, unify ideas, supply musical sound/echo

Question 12

analogy purpose

Answer 12

emphasize similarity/difference, make writing more vivid, imaginative, or engaging

Question 13

antithesis

Answer 13

direct opposite

Question 14

aphorism purpose

Answer 14

memorable way for author to make point

Question 15

apostrophe

Answer 15

directly addresses imaginary person or personified abstraction (life, liberty)

Question 16

apostrophe purpose

Answer 16

add familiarity or emotional intensity

Question 17

connotation

Answer 17

non-literal, implied meaning of word

Question 18

denotation

Answer 18

strict, literal definition of word, without color, attitude, or emotion

Question 19

euphemism

Answer 19

more agreeable/less offensive statement

Question 20

euphemism purpose

Answer 20

adheres to social/political expectations, or add humor/ironic understatement

Question 21

homily

Answer 21

serious talk, lecture, speech, moral/spiritual aadvice

Question 22

hyperbole purpose

Answer 22

produce irony

Question 23

irony purpose

Answer 23

humor or poignancy

Question 24

metaphor purpose

Answer 24

makes writing vivid, imaginative, thought provoking

Question 25

mood

Answer 25

atmosphere of a work, similar to tone and atmosphere

Question 26

oxymoron

Answer 26

grouping of apparently contradictory terms, won't be in mcq, maybe in essay ex: jumbo shrimp

Question 27

paradox

Answer 27

appears to be opposing common sense but contains degree of validity "it was the best of times...it was the worst of times"

Question 28

parallelism

Answer 28

similar construction of paragraphs, sentences words, "it was the best of... it was the worst of"

Question 29

parallelism effects

Answer 29

organizing force to attract attention, emphasis, or just provide rhythm

Question 30

anaphora

Answer 30

kind of parallelism, repetition to begin sentences "I Have a Dream"

Question 31

personification

Answer 31

describes objects, concepts, or animals with human attributes, provide more vivid reader experience

Question 32

first person pov

Answer 32

I is used

Question 33

third person omniscient pov

Answer 33

narrator presents thoughts and actions of all characters

Question 34

third person limited omniscient

Answer 34

narrator tells feelings and thoughts of only one character, presenting actions of all others

Question 35

repition

Answer 35

duplication of element of language

Question 36

rhetoric

Answer 36

principles of writing art eloquently and effectively

Question 37

expository rhetoric

Answer 37

analyzing information by presenting idea and evidencee

Question 38

argumentative rhetoric

Answer 38

prove validity of argument or pov

Question 39

descriptive rhetoric

Answer 39

visually invent person, place, event, or action, five senses description

Question 40

narration rhetoric

Answer 40

tell story/narrate events

Question 41

sarcasm

Answer 41

bitter, caustic language, can be witty or just cruel

Question 42

satire

Answer 42

targets human vices, follies, social institutions, ex joseph heller's catch 22 and kurt vonnegut's cat's cradle, and player piano

Question 43

natural symbolism

Answer 43

something occurring from nature

Question 44

conventional symbols

Answer 44

invested with meaning by another group (star of david, skull and cross bones)

Question 45

literary symbols

Answer 45

can be found in variety of works

Question 46

synecdoche

Answer 46

part used to represent whole (sail to refer to boat, wheels to refer to boat)

Question 47

syntax

Answer 47

ways words are put together

Question 48

theme

Answer 48

central idea/message

Question 49

thesis

Answer 49

directly expressing author's opinion

Question 50

tone

Answer 50

author's attitude toward material or audience

Question 51

understatement

Answer 51

minimizing a fact, "last week I saw a woman flayed, you'd hardly believe how much it altered her person for the worse."