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GCSE Geography Paper 3 > Figure 1 - Tourism + Development > Flashcards

Figure 1 - Tourism + Development Flashcards

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1
Q

How does tourism have a direct impact on countries?

A

Directly - by people working in hotels + tourist related activities.

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2
Q

Where do tourists often visit?

A

Often tourists visit places with limited industrial development where job opportunities are limited + local incomes are low.

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3
Q

How much of the world’s economy does tourism account for?

A

The tourism sector often accounts for 13.6% of the world’s economy.

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4
Q

Which destination is most reliant on tourism for their income?

A

Maldives

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5
Q

What is the difference in percent between the most reliant destination in tourism + the 20th?

A

28.6%

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6
Q

What is the world’s most popular cruise destination?

A

The Caribbean

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7
Q

How many cruise passengers were there in 2018?

A

28

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8
Q

How much money was generated by the cruise industry in 2019?

A

Over $130 billion was generated by the global cruise industry.

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9
Q

How many ships will be built by 2025?

A

50 new ocean-going cruise ships have been commissioned to be built by 2025.

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10
Q

What is the economic impact of tourism in the Caribbean?

A

Every hotel room creates at least one job.

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11
Q

Describe the multiplier effect of tourism in the Caribbean

A

For every $100,000 invested in the tourism industry, 50 jobs are created.
* Money is injected into an area→ More jobs are created→ People can afford to buy more→ Local businesses benefit from increased custom→ Area improves through increased wealth→ Wealthier people move into an area.

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12
Q

How much money from tourism in the Caribbean goes back into the local economy?

A

Tourism revenue going back into the local economy:
- Ecotourism 95%.
- All-inclusive package tours 20%.

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13
Q

Name an environmental impact of tourism in the Caribbean

A

Cruise ships in the Caribbean are estimated to produce more than 70 000 tonnes of wastewater per year.

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14
Q

Explain the benefits of tourism on the countries most reliant on tourism for their income ( 4 marks )

A

Tourism means that more jobs need to be done. This can help to regenerate areas by producing more income via jobs. Tourism itself generates income without the increase in jobs. This can be used to improve the quality of live by improving living standards.

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15
Q

Positive impacts of tourism in the Caribbean

A
  • can improve facillities for local people (SOCIAL)
  • taxes paid by visitors can be spent in improving conditions (SOCIAL + ECONOMIC)
  • For every one dollar of visitor spending, an additional $1.6 is generated by long-stay visitors + $1.2 by cruise ship visitors (ECONOMIC)
  • every hotel room creates atleast one job (ECONOMIC)
  • the marine industry generates 200 million jobs (ECONOMIC)
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16
Q

Negative impacts of tourism in the Caribbean

A
  • have to spend money in facillities (ECONOMIC)
  • cruise ships in the Caribbean are estimated to produce more than 70 000 tonnes of wastewater per year (ENVIRONMENTAL)
17
Q

What is tourism?

A

Tourism is when a person travels to another destination for more than 24hrs but less than 1 year.

18
Q

What are the 2 types of tourism?

A

Tourism can be split into:
* Domestic - staying in your own country.
* International - travelling to another country.

19
Q

What has happened over the last 50 years?

A

Over the last 50 years mass tourism has expanded into a major global industry, which is still growing.

20
Q

Around how many people become international tourists every year? (pre-pandemic)

A

An estimated 900 million people become international tourists every year.

21
Q

What is most tourism for?

A

Most tourism is for leisure(holiday); visiting friends + relatives is second.

22
Q

Main reasons for the rise in tourism can be linked to:

A
  • Transport is faster + cheaper than in the past.
  • Booking is easier than ever with internet based travel agents.
  • Many governments have invested heavily to encourage tourism (easier to cross borders) or backed international events - Olympics.
  • Improved pay, disposable incomes + leave allowances - most households have both partners working less than 40 hourss a week with paid annual leave.
  • Attractions such as music festivals, sporting events etc, and increases in ‘built attractions’ such as theme + water parks.
23
Q

What is the largest employer across the globe?

A

Travel + tourism is the largest employer across the globe + represent 7% of the world’s exports in goods + services.

24
Q

What does the graph ‘international tourist arrivals by world region’ show?

A

This graph shows the amount of international tourist arrivals by world region in certain years.

25
Q

Describe the graph for ‘International tourist arrival by world region’ using PAD

A
  • Overall the international tourist arrivals by world region increases between 1950 and 2018.
  • The increase is quite slow from 1950 to 1980. This increases after 1980.
  • Between 1980 + 2010 there is a noticeable amount of fluctuations.
26
Q

Which regions has the most increased amount in tourism + how do we know this?

A

The region which has increased in tourism the most is Europe; it has the largest area under it’s graph.

27
Q

What three important development goals does tourism contribute to?

A

Tourism contributes to three important development goals:
* It creates job opportunities → can help to regenerate areas + improve the quality of life by raising living standards.
* It generates income.
* It has a positive effect on balance of trade → foreign exchange + government revenue generation improves a country’s balance of trade.

28
Q

Other benefits of tourism:

A
  • Environmental enhancement - money from tourism can be used to protect + repair the environment.
  • Infrastructure development - better water supplies.
  • Social interaction - develops foreign language skills + cultural tourism involves people’s heritage.
29
Q

What happens as a consequence of tourism contributing to the three development goals?

A

Consequently, for many countries the tourism sector plays an important role in development + improves the quality of life for local people.

30
Q

How is the economic effect felt?

A

The economic effect is felt directly + indirectly, through the multiplier effect, by creating demand for other economic activities.

31
Q

How is the effect felt directly?

A
  • Tourism as a service industry needs staff for hotels, planes, buses, restaurants, lifeguards etc.
32
Q

What industries are impacted by the direct effect + how are they impacted?

A
  • Quaternary - research + development to improve facillities for tourists or management etc.
  • Provides opportunities + employment in poorer areas of the country.
33
Q

What industries are affected by the indirect effects + how are they impacted?

A
  • Primary - agriculture + providing food or mining of materials to build hotels.
  • Secondary - for manufacturing of goods - chairs, beds, towels, gifts etc.
  • Creates openings for small buisnesses + support jobs in the informal sector.
34
Q

What can tourism do?

A

Tourism can create economic opportunities + increase living standards in some of the poorest parts of a country.

35
Q

How many jobs does the tourim sector account for?

A

The tourism sector accounts for 9.9% of all jobs.

36
Q

How much income does the tourism sector account for?

A

The figure for LICs/NEEs is much higher. Tourism ,here, can account for over 20% of the total income. In comparison, tourism accounts for 3.7% of income in the UK, while in the USA the figure is even lower, at 2.6%.

37
Q

How to read a compund line graph( stacked area graph)?

A

There is a way of extracting information:
* Remember it is a line graph.
* Only calculate the value of the shaded area you need data for.

38
Q

What does the line graph for Europe show?

A
  • Europe in 1950 had approximately 16.8 million tourist arrivals.
  • By 1990 this had increased to 265.6 million tourist arrivals.
  • It continue to increase to 713 million by 2018.

GCSE Geography Paper 3 (1 decks)

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