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Praxis 2 English--Literature > Figurative Language & Poetry > Flashcards

Figurative Language & Poetry Flashcards

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1
Q

Anapestic Meter

A

Meter that is composed of feet that are uul– used in limericks or whimsical poetrry

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2
Q

Aphorism

A

A wise saying, usually short

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3
Q

Apostrophe

A

A turn from the general audience to address a specific group of persons or a personified abstraction that is present or absent “O Death!”

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4
Q

Assonance

A

repetition of vowel sounds within words to create internal rhyming

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5
Q

Blank verse

A

Does not rhyme, but has meter. Usually iambic pentameter

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6
Q

Caesura

A

A break or natural pause in a line of verse marked in prosody by ‘’

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7
Q

Characterization

A

A method an author uses to let readers know more about the characters and their traits

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8
Q

Consonance

A

Repetition of consonant sound in words with different vowel sounds– stroke of luck. Pitter Patter. (Alliteration is consonance of initial consonant)

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9
Q

Couplet

A

A stanza made up of 2 rhyming lines. “Heroic” if in iambic pentameter

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10
Q

Types of Diction

A 
Archaic
Colloquial
Dialect
Jargon
Profanity
Slang
Vulgarity
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11
Q

End Rhyme

A

Rhyming of the ends of lines of verse

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12
Q

Enjambment

A

A run-on line of poetry that continues into the next line to complete meaning

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13
Q

Existentialism

A

A literary movement/philosophy that holds that thinking begins with the human subject and her feelings of confusion and disorientation towards an absurd and seemingly random world

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14
Q

Foot

A

A metrical foot is defined as one stressed and a varying number of unstressed syllables (0–4)

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15
Q

Types of Metrical Feet

A

Iambic: u/
Trochaic: /u
Anapestic: uu/
Dactylic: /uu

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16
Q

Poetic Line Lengths

A 
By number of feet:
1- monometer
2- dimeter
3- trimeter
4-tetrameter
5-pentameter
6-hexameter
7-septameter
8-octameter
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17
Q

Free verse

A

no rhyme or meter scheme (vers libre)

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18
Q

Internal rhyme

A

Rhyme that occurs within a line of verse

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19
Q

Irony– Types

A

Dramatic: reader sees character’s errors, character doesn’t

Verbal: writer says one thing, means another

Situation: the purpose/intent of an action differs greatly from the result

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20
Q

Metaphor

A

comparison is implied but not stated. She is a beast.

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21
Q

Meter

A

Rhythmical pattern in verse

22
Q

Paradox

A

Hegel: Man learns from history that man learns nothing from history

23
Q

POV types

A

First person– story told from POV of one character
Third person– told by someone outside the story
Omniscient–The narrator of the story shares thoughts feelings all characters
Limited Omniscient– Narrator shares thoughts/feelings of one character
Camera View– Narrator records action from their pov with no awareness of other characters’ thoughts/feelings

24
Q

Transcendentalism

A

philosophy focused on refuting puritan ethic and materialism. Valued individualism, freedom, experimentation, nature, and spirituality. Includes Nathaniel Hawthorne, Longfellow, Oliver Wendell Holmes

25
Q

Ballad

A

short poem, often anonymous, comprised of short verses intended to be sung or recited. Four line stanzas. Often alternating between iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter with a rhyme scheme of ABCB

26
Q

Metaphysical Poets

A

John Donne- known for strange extended metaphors, often witty… Idea that the mingling of their blood inside a flea makes two lovers one.

27
Q

Elegy

A

Mournful poem lamenting the dead

28
Q

Haiku

A

5-7-5 syllables. Expresses single thought.

29
Q

Limerick

A

Humorous verse of 5 anapestic feet with a rhyme scheme of aabba

30
Q

Lyric

A

short poem about personal feelings and emotions

31
Q

Sonnet

A

14 line poem, usually in iambic pentameter with a varied rhyme scheme. Petrarchian/Italian (opens with an octave containing a proposition and ends with a sestet that states the solution) or Shakespearean/English (3 quatrains and a couplet)

32
Q

Stanzas

A 
Couplet: 2 lines
Triplet:  3 lines
Quatrain:  4 lines
Quintet:  5 lines
Sestet:  6 lines
Septet:  7 lines
Octave:  8 lines
33
Q

Sestina

A

A sestina (Occitan: sestina [sesˈtinɔ]; Catalan: sextina [sə(k)sˈtinə] or [se(k)sˈtina]; also known as sestine, sextine, sextain or sesta rima) is a structured 39-line poetic form consisting of six stanzas of six lines each, followed by a three-line stanza, known either as an envoi, tornada, or tercet.

34
Q

Terza Rima

A

Terza rima is a three-line stanza using chain rhyme in the pattern A-B-A, B-C-B, C-D-C, D-E-D. There is no limit to the number of lines, but poems or sections of poems written in terza rima end with either a single line or couplet repeating the rhyme of the middle line of the final tercet. The two possible endings for the example above are d-e-d, e or d-e-d, e-e. There is no set rhythm for terza rima, but in English, iambic pentameter is generally preferred. First used by Dante in Divine Comedy

35
Q

Frame Tale

A

A narrative technique in which main story is composed primarily for purpose of organizing a set of shorter stories, each of which is a story within a story. Canterbury Tales, Ovid’s Metamorphosis, Wuthering Heights.

36
Q

Legend

A

Narrative about human actions that is perceived by teller/audience to have taken place within human history and possess certain qualities that give the appearance of truth/reality

37
Q

Myth

A

Narrative fiction that involves gods/heroes or has a theme that expresses a culture’s ideology.

38
Q

Romance

A

A novel comprised of idealized events far removed from everyday life. Includes subgenres of gothic romance (Frankenstein) and medieval romance

39
Q

Tragedy

A

Literature, often drama, ending in a catastrophic event for the protagonist(s)after he or she faces several problems or conflicts

40
Q

Villanelle

A

19 line poem with 5 triplets and a concluding quatrain. Rhyme scheme of only A & B. Lines 1 and 3 repeated throughout

41
Q

Sestina

A

A poem of 6 sextets. Repeats end words rather than rhyming lines.

42
Q

Pantoum (Malay in origin)

A

Poem composed of a series of quatrains with repeating lines. The 2nd and 4th lines of 1 quatrain are the 1st and 3rd lines of the next.

No limit to number of quatrains, but 4 is common number.

The last quatrain gets crazy: The 1st and 3rd lines of the last stanza are the 2nd and 4th of the penultimate; the first line of the poem is the last line of the final stanza, and the third line of the first stanza is the second of the final.

43
Q

spondee/spondaic

A

foot of 2 stressed syllables // ex: football racetrack drop-dead

44
Q

pyhrric

A

foot of 2 sort unstressed syllables uu ex: When the blood creeps and the nerves prick (when the, and the)

45
Q

prosody

A

study of the rhythm and meter of language

46
Q

apophasis

A

Raising of an issue by claiming not to mention it.

47
Q

bathos

A

sudden appearance of the commonplace, triteness, sentimentality

48
Q

doggerel

A

loosely styled or irregular prose, especially for comic or burlesque effect.

49
Q

coda

A

a concluding section– usually of a musical piece but now applied to texts, films, etc.

50
Q

Middle English

A

Used between 12th and 15th Centuries. Developed out of Late Old English (Norman English). Used by Chaucer and Langland, became the language of early English literature… represented shift from Anglo-Saxon after Norman Conquest.

Praxis 2 English--Literature (1 decks)

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