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Inanna Geography > Fieldwork And Geographical Enquiry > Flashcards

Fieldwork And Geographical Enquiry Flashcards

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1
Q

The route to enquiry steps:

A
  1. Create question / hypothesis to investigate
  2. Choose methods to collect data
  3. Select ways to present findings
  4. Analyse + explain your findings
  5. Reach conclusion to answer hypothesis
  6. Evaluate your enquiry + find way to improve
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2
Q

What is primary data? + examples

A

Information that you collect yourself

  • counting and measuring
  • asking questions
  • sketching/ photographs
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3
Q

What is secondary data? + examples

A

Data that someone else has collected.

  • textbooks + newspapers
  • television reports
  • maps
  • planning documents
  • websites
  • processed census data
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4
Q

What is methodology?

A

Different methods to collect your data.

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5
Q

What is qualitative data?

A

Descriptive information you can’t measure

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6
Q

What is quantitative data?

A

Data you get by counting or measuring.

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7
Q

What is an anomaly?

A

An accidental finding.

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8
Q

What is random sampling?

A

Where samples are chosen at random

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9
Q

What is systematic sampling?

A

This means working to collect your data.

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10
Q

What is stratified sampling?

A

Introducing sub categories into your sample to make sure that a full range is included.

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11
Q

What is a risk assessment?

A

Where you identify all the possible risks and outline what you would do to minimise these risks.

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12
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

A prediction / theory about what you want to test.

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13
Q

What are the risks with doing rural fieldwork?

A
  • water might come down the river too fast
  • slippy rocks in river
  • extreme weather
  • river could be too deep
  • tree could fall over
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14
Q

What are the risks with doing urban fieldwork?

A
  • stranger danger
  • traffic
  • extreme weather
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15
Q

What is the enquiry question for the physical fieldwork?

A

How does the depth and river load change across the bend of a river?

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16
Q

What is the hypothesis for the physical fieldwork?

A
  • the river is deeper on the outside bend than the inside

- the river load is larger on the inside bend than the outside

17
Q

How did we measure the river width?

A

Used a tape measure. Two people stand either side of the bank with the tape measure and measure the width. We did it to select data collection points -systematic sampling.

18
Q

How did we measure the river depth?

A

We used meter sticks and ranging poles. Divide the width by 10 to get the sample sites. Another person goes to each point and measures the depth with the metre stick. We did this to help us investigate our hypothesis. Used metre ruler so it’s accurate. Working in groups so that more accurate.

19
Q

How did we analyse the sediment?

A

Used callipers and sediment analysis sheet. Free m the same sample site pick up the 1st rich and pass it to the bank. Use calliper to measure the size. Use the powers index to measure the shape of the rock. Using callers for accuracy. Helps us to investigate if there’s changes across the width of the river.

20
Q

What was the enquiry question for the human fieldwork?

A

What are the impacts of tourists on Keswick?

21
Q

What was the hypothesis for the human fieldwork?

A
  • tourists bring economic benefits to Keswick

- tourists damage the natural environment in Keswick

22
Q

How did we do the pedestrian questionnaire?

A

We used the fieldwork booklet. We went and found 5 people and asked them some questions which we recorded in our fieldwork booklet. We asked 5 people so that we had a range of answer for our hypothesis.

23
Q

How did we carry out the environmental quality survey?

A

We used our fieldwork booklet. We stood in a specific area and surveyed the environment around us. Then rated it from 1-4 in the booklet. We did this to make a judgement how nice Keswick environment.

24
Q

How did we take photographs?

A

We used a camera. Took pictures of busy areas + different features of Keswick. We did this to identify positive and negative things to do with tourism in Keswick.

25
Q

Examples if simple data presentation:

A
  • bar chart
  • histogram
  • pie chart
  • divided bar
  • Pictogram
  • line chart -for continuous data only
  • population pyramid
  • scatter graph (used for river depth) -to show correlation
26
Q

Examples of complex data presentation:

A
  • Chloropleth
  • isoline
  • dot map
  • desire like
  • proportional symbols
  • flow lines
27
Q

What are the results for the environmental quality?

A
  • worse in the east of keswick’s high-street

- e.g location 19 has scores of 3 for litter + open space

28
Q

Why was the environmental quality like this?

A

-this area has the market square, moot hall, Greggs, fish n chip shop, sweet shop

29
Q

Describe the results for the questionnaire

A
  • most people spend less than £50 a day

- e.g 31% of people spent less than £50 a day whereas only 17% spent between £500-£1000

30
Q

Describe the results for the river depth

A
  • river wider on outside bend
  • eg at 80cm along the depth was 2cm but at 800cm along it was 40cm deep
  • the river got deeper steadily
31
Q

Why were the results like this?

A
  • water flows faster on outer bend
  • more energy + more erosion
  • inner bend slower so more deposition there
32
Q

Describe the results for the sediment analysis

A
  • size of bed load bigger on the inside bend capers to the outside bend
  • eg at the 1st point the rock was 680mm but at the 10th point the size of bedload was 90mm
  • however anomaly at 7th point where bedload was 960mm
33
Q

Why were the results for the sediment analysis like this?

A
  • rocks could’ve been placed there
  • sediment bigger on the inner bend because he river is slower so there’s less energy which leads to more deposition.
  • outer bend faster so more erosion on the rocks
34
Q

What problems did we have with the environmental quality survey?

A
  • scale was subject to people’s opinion
  • only looked at small area around you
  • doesn’t represent whole area of Keswick
  • areas could be anomalous
  • other factors could be measured

Inanna Geography (2 decks)

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