Fibres Flashcards
Natural plant fibres
Cotton/Linen
Cotton advantages
Easy to decorate - printing &dyeing
Absorbent
Linen advantages
Absorbent
Can be grown in UK - cotton can’t
Linen disadvantages
expensive (not produced in mass)
creases easily
How to make plant fibres more sustainable?
ORGANIC
- Don’t use pesticides or chemicals
Pesticides - harm pollenating bees & wildlife
Chemicals - e.g. bleaching
Bamboo is a…
biofibre
Bamboo fibre advantages
very absorbent
biodegradeable
similar to cotton and linen
What is bamboo used for as a fibre?
Reusable nappies
Example of regenerated fibre
Viscose
Lyocell
Lyocell is the most
Environmentally friendly fabric
what makes lyocell so environmentally friendly?
It is fully recyclable and biodegradeable
The trees used to make it are replanted
The chemicals in the process are recyclable
Elastane is
Lycra
Disadvantages of Polyester
Made from oil - not renewable
Not breathable
Not absorbent
Advantage of Polyester
Can be manipulated to be similar to other fabrics
Weave that looks like a chessboard
PLAIN weave
Weave that looks like a crossword
SATIN weave
Diagonal weave appearance
Twill weave
Vertical threads in a weave
WARP
Horizontal threads in the weave
WEFT
Neat edge of the fabric known as
Selvedge
Name 2 knitting styles
Warp or Weft
Warp knit advantages
doesn’t ladder
can be knit in tubes
Weft knit advantages
Can be made in large lengths
Weft knit disadvantage
Can ladder easily
Non woven Fabric construction made by…
bonded with glue OR
heates with fibres punched by needles and mashed together
CAM =
computer aided manafacture
CAD
computer aided design
CAD/CAM examples
weaving, knitting, embroidery
quality assurance vs quality control
prevention vs cure
quality assurance
a process to prevent issues with quality
quality control
checkpoints during manafacture to asssure quality
when thinking of suitability for purpose
think of
properties
and end use
smart materials are
fabric that change to user or environment
E - Textiles use
conductive thread to work electronics in a garment
Properties of Nano fibres
very breathable
very lifhtweight
very very small fibres
can be mixed easily with other fibres
maintenance needs of fabric
what is on the care label
properties of fabric are affected by
how it’s made
size of yarns
fabric finishes
fibre properties in blends
“just in time” production is
made to order
the two types of finish
chemical finish or mechanical finish
chemical finish could be
flame resistance stain resistance water resistance moth proofing anti bacterial
mechanical finishes examples
brushing it smooth
embossing
calendaring (heated rollers to smooth and shine)
shaping garments 4 ways
darts
tucks
gathering
elastication
fabric decoration techniques for detailed patterns
embroidery, screen printing, transfer printing, fabric pens
fabric decoration techniques for less detailed patterns
tie dye, batik, appliqué, stencilling, block printinh, patchwork
Regenerated fibres are
Natural fibres with a chemical added
