Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

textiles > fibers > Flashcards

fibers Flashcards

1
Q

what do i need to provide for materials and applications ?

A 
physical  properties and working characteristics
product function 
aesthetics 
cost 
manufacture and disposal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

annotate a fabric?

A 
thermal insulation
ability to reflect light
thermoplastic
flammability
ability to absorb moisture
development of static electricity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

natural plant fibers?

A

cotton
linen
ramie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

natural animal fibers?

A

wool

silk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

natural hair fibers?

A

cashmere
mohair
angora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

manufactured regenerated fibers ?

A

viscose

acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

new generation lyocells?

A

modal
tencel
lyocell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

synthetic fibers?

A 
nylon (polyamide)
polyester
acrylic
Elastoplast
chlorofibers (polyvinyl)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are smart materials ?

A

reactive materials, photochromic dyes, phases changing materials.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

smart materials?

A 
plastic
metals
mircrofibre
fleece
gore-tex
heat sensitive
micro-encapsulated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

modern materials?

A

mircrofibres
nanofibres
mircroencapsulated fibres and fabric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

methods for investigating and testing materials?

A 
flammability 
crease resistance 
shrink resistance 
colour fastness
strength 
pilling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

wool ?

A 
warm to wear 
slow absorbency, very slow drying 
comfortable 
medium strength
 soft and good drape
very stretchy and crease resistant 
wash and iron with care, may shrink, can be dry cleaned.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

silk?

A 
cool to wear but good insulation 
fast absorbency 
comfortable 
soft and elegant drape 
good strength 
stretchy and creases drop out 
wash and iron with care
best dry cleaned
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cotton?

A 
cool to wear unless brushed 
highly absorbent, slow drying 
comfortable unless wet
soft and good drape 
good strength 
abrasion resistant and durability
not stretchy 
creases easy  
wash, boil, iron, damp
may shrink
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

linen?

A 
cool to wear
highly absorbent, slow drying
stiffer and harder than cotton
smooth and good drape 
good strength and durability 
not stretchy, creases badly 
wash, iron and boil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ramie ?

A 
average warmth 
good absorbency
comfortable especially in warmth
stiffer than brittle handle does not drape due to stiffness
strongest natural fiber , stronger when wet 
not durable 
little elasticity 
can be washed or dry cleaned
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cashmere ?

A 
very warm good thermal insulation 
used for coats and suits and interior 
slow absorbance 
soft and comfortable 
light 
good drape 
not durable 
good elasticity 
crease resistant 
wash with care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

mohair ?

A 
good thermal insulation 
for evening wear and knitwear 
poor absorbance 
comfortable
soft and light 
good drape 
durable and hard wearing 
good elasticity 
crease resistant 
use extreme after care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

angora

A 
very warm
slow absorbency 
comfortable 
soft 
average drape 
durable 
fair elasticity 
hand wash
do not tumble dry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

manufactured fibres: viscose

A 
low warmth
more absorbent than cotton 
comfortable 
soft and firm
good drape
lower strength than cotton
poor elasticity 
creases easy 
washable and easy to iron
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

lyocell which is a high performance viscose fibre

A 
low warmth 
good absorbency
comfortable 
nice handle 
good drape 
strong
poor elasticity
 disposable 
biodegradable 
can be recycled
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

rubber

A 
good warmth 
low absorbance 
uncomfortable due to lack of breathablity 
stretchy 
poor drape 
good natural stretch 
dont crease 
sensitiveness to light , oils, solvents and grease.
can be washed easy
recyclable.
24
Q

modal (regenerated)

A 
low warmth 
high absorbency 
very comfortable and soft 
silky soft handle 
good drape
lower strength, abrasion and durability
poor elasticity 
creases easy 
washable 
cant be bleached 
easy to iron 
can be dry cleaned..
25
Q

asbestos

A 
good thermal insulation 
poor absorbency
itchy often uncomfortable 
rough handle, poor drape 
very strong 
not stretchy 
difficult aftercare.
26
Q

acetate

A 
low warmth 
low absorbency 
fast drying 
comfortable 
prone static 
soft 
elegant drape 
low strength 
poor abrasion resistance 
creases 
machine washable 
iron with care
27
Q

polyester

A 
low warmth 
very low absorbency 
comfortable 
prone static 
soft with firm handle 
very strong and abrasion resistant. 
stretchy 
crease resistant 
machine washable and iron with care.
28
Q

kevlor (Aramid)

A 
low warmth 
heat resistant 
average absorbency 
flexible and comfortable. 
soft handle 
good drape 
strong 
flexible 
machine washable.
29
Q

polyamide (nylon) synthetic fibre

A 
low warmth 
very slow absorbency 
fast drying 
comfortable 
static 
soft but firm 
very strong and abrasion resistant
stretchy, crease resistant
machine washable.
30
Q

elastane (lycra)

A 
low warmth 
absorbent 
dyes well 
adds stretch comfort
soft and firm 
good strength
very high elasticity 
crease resistant 
machine washable
31
Q

fluroro fibres

A 
low warmth
non absorbent 
can't dye 
breathable and flexible 
soft 
durable 
fair elasticity 
degrades slowly, use a coating
32
Q

pvc (polyvinylchloride)

A 
good insulation 
low absorbency 
waterproof 
breathable and flexible
strong and firm  
very durable 
machine washable 
iron with care 
do not tumble dry
33
Q

acrylic

A 
warm to wear 
fast drying 
comfortable to wear 
very soft (wool like) and good drape
good strength and stretch
good elasticity 
crease resistant 
machine washable 
may shrink
34
Q

fibers : textiles materials are made up in 3 stages?

A

spinning ( fibers are sun into yarns )
weaving or knitting (yarns become fabrics)
finishing (fabrics are finished to make them more useful)

35
Q

what is a fibre?

A

a fibre is a fine and flexible hair like structure, which is a textiles raw material , it has a high ration of length and thickness.

36
Q

fibre information

A

all fibres can be classified as natural or manufactured . fibres can be short or very long, depending on where they came from and how they were manufactured.

37
Q

what are staple fibres?

A

are short in length, natural shape can range from a few mm to around 1 m

38
Q

what are filament fibres?

A

they are long and continuous, synthetic fibres.
they run the whole length of the yarn . some synthetic continuous filaments are cut into staple lengths.
silk is the only natural filament fibre. it can be as long as one km when it is taken from the silk cocoon.

39
Q

fibre properties?

A

aesthetic
functional
comfort.

40
Q

fabric properties ?

A

withstand wear and tear
resistant to abrasion
will rubbing cause the surface to peel(go bobbly)

41
Q

what does directional pile mean?

A

the raised surface of a pile fabric or brushed fabric , does it look different when looked at from different directions (velvet)

42
Q

what does nap mean?

A

the raised surface of a pile or brushed fabric

43
Q

what are micro fibers?

A

micro fibre technology combines a high number of very fine fibres into one yarn of decitex or less. this means that 10km of the filament weigh one gram or less. a micro fibre is around 60 to 100 times finer than a human hair.

44
Q

micro fibres can be…

A

manufactured from polyester , poly amide or acrylic.
blended with another synthetic fibre or with natural fibres
used in fabrics that has an enormous variety of appearances and end uses.
used in smart and technical fabrics for active wear, all weather wear and for a range of industrial users.

45
Q

modern micro fibes?

A

elastane (lycra) is always used in a blend with other fibers. its used to make sportswear and body hugging clothes and medical bandage.

tencel, is a ‘natural’ mircro fiber made from cellulose derived from wood pulp, for shirts and jeans,

46
Q

cotton fabrics

A 
calico
corduray
denim
gingham
drill
terry toweling
47
Q

cotton finishes

A

mercerising (higher strength and lustre)
synthetic resin treatment (non-iron and crease resistant)
stain resist finishes using teflon or silicone
flame retardant finish using proban.

48
Q

cotton information

A

cotton is harvested by hand or by picking machines
cotton plants require a tropical climate and wet soil for growth
the fibres are separated from the seeds by a process called ginning
typically blended with polyester, polyamide, viscose, modal,elastane

49
Q

end uses for cotton

A 
household linen 
curtains
towels
shirts
underwear
trousers
jeans 
work wear
sewing thread.
50
Q

linen fabrics

A

interlining
holland(window blinds)
mattress ticking
pure linen for clothing

51
Q

linen information

A

typically blended with viscose, polyester and silk.

52
Q

end uses for linen

A 
household linen
table cloths
curtains
tea towels
shirts
skirts
suits
ropes
sewing thread
geotextiles
53
Q

what is sisal?

A

natural sustainable fibre produced from the leaves of the agave cactus.
used for twines, ropes, hair brush bristles, baskets and natural floor coverings.

54
Q

wool fabrics

A 
'cool wool'
felt
herringbone
flannel
'sport wool' 
tartan 
tweed
55
Q

typical wool uses ?

A 
blanket 
carpets
upholstery
suits
jumpers
overcoats
sports
ties
scarves
hats 
socks
industrial felts
geotextiles.
56
Q

what is the woollen process?

A

almost any winnable fibre can be spun using the woollen system.

  1. wool fibres are fed into a willowing machine for opening and cleaning the loose fibres
  2. different fibre and colour types are mixed and oiled to improve spinning capability.
  3. fibre portions are fed into a carding machine for orientation and cleaning a fibre web is divided into ribbons and rubbed to form the slubbing yarn, which is then twisted and wound into yarns
57
Q

what is the worsted process?

A
  1. fleece wool is sorted according to quality, separated into tufts , cleaned and dried.
  2. these are fed into a willowing machine for opening and cleaning the loose fibres.
  3. different fibre and colour types are mixed and oiled to improve spinning capability.
  4. fibre portions are fed into a carding machine for orientation and cleaning
  5. the short fibres are combined , drafted and nursed into a yarn.

textiles (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions