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2015 Mark > fiber > Flashcards

fiber Flashcards

1
Q

EDFA

A

Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

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2
Q

Similar to loose tube, this type of cable has ribbons that are contained in buffer tubes

A

Ribbon Stranded

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3
Q

A card made up of material similar to photographic film that changes colors when exposed to light

A

Photosensitive Card

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4
Q

The wavelength range of visible light

A

390nm to 780nm

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5
Q

OCEF

A

Optical Cable Entry Facility

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6
Q

What is the formula to convert dB to mW?

A

mW = 10(dB/10)

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7
Q

The two means of splicing fiber optic cable

A

Fusion SplicingMechanical Splicing

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8
Q

APC

A

Angle Polish Connector

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9
Q

Monitoring Center for high-speed data and telephony. Technical customer service calls are escalated here for investigation and network troubleshooting

A

Network Operation Center (NOC)

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10
Q

Generated during the node certification showing the fiber performance when first activated. It is a document used to compare old test results to new test results

A

Node Birth Certificate.

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11
Q

The diameter of the glass cladding

A

125 microns

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12
Q

A device that scores then breaks the optical fiber to prepare it for splicing

A

Cleaver

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13
Q

Radiated light created in the same direction at the same time

A

Coherent Light

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14
Q

Where the connector end of the pigtail is connected to the laser. Provides a neat and orderly method of managing the patch cords.

A

Patch Panel

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15
Q

The two ways a fusion splicer lines up the fiber ends in order to get the best possible splice.

A

Local Injection and Detection (LID)Profile Alignment

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16
Q

SC

A

Standard Connector

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17
Q

Silicon photodiodes are sensitive to light in the range of

A

400 to 1000nm

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18
Q

What is Comcast’s maximum allowed loss through a fusion splice?

A

0.5dB

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19
Q

The ideal optical power level at a receiver input is

A

0dBm

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20
Q

The ratio of the velocity of light of two mediums of optical glass

A

Refractive Index

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21
Q

UPC

A

Ultra Polish Connector

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22
Q

Most light generated by lasers for telecommunications exist in this light band

A

Infrared band

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23
Q

Theoretically, how many wavelengths can be carried on a single fiber using DWDM?

A

2 to 128

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24
Q

A device used to test for dicontinuities (impedance mismatches) on coaxial cables

A

Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR)

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25
Used to detect light from an optical fiber and convert the light to an electrical source
Photodiode
26
A jumper cable for optical connectors
Pigtail
27
This laser generates only one wavelength at it's output 
Distributive Feedback Laser (DFB) 
28
The ratio of the velocity of light of two mediums of optical glass 
Refractive Index 
29
Enables different wavelengths to be carried on a single optical fiber
WDM (Wave Division Multiplexing)
30
List the 5 laser classes
Class 1Class 2/2AClass 3AClass 3BClass 4
31
Typical loss (in dB) of a fiber connector
0.5dB
32
A device used to wrap and store excess fiber optic cable in an aerial location
Snowshoe
33
Two types of fiber amplifiers
EDFA (Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier)YEDFA (Ytterbium Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier)
34
Formula to convert mW to dBm
dBm = 10log(mW)
35
An electronic or optical process that combines several individual signals or wavelengths into a single carrier or path.
Multiplexing
36
Type of cable consisting of larger buffer tubes with the fibers inside, surrounded by fiberglass water block tape, armor, two steel strength members and a jacket
Unitube
37
a trillion Hertz or 1,000 gighertz
Terahertz
38
Similar to loose tube, this type of cable consists of buffer tubes surrounded by a fiberglass wrap and two steel strength members on each side molded into the jacket.
Flex Tube
39
The most basic laser and consists of two pieces of semiconductor material with an active layer between them 
Fabry-Perot Laser 
40
Central data point communicating with endpoints of a network.  All data communications must flow through the central point. 
Star
41
Test equipment used to visually see the losses, breaks and distance measurements in an optical fiber
OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer)
42
Fiber loss is expressed in this manner
dB/km (decibels per kilometer)
43
A network of devices connected together in a circular communication link
Ring 
44
A board for making optical connections consisting of sleeves used to line up two connectors
Patch Panel
45
Used to measure transmitter outputs and receiver inputs
Optical Power Meter
46
Allows multiple wavelengths above and below a center wavelength to be carried on a single optical fiber
DWDM (Dense Wave Division Multiplexing)
47
Output of a YEDFA 
22dBm 
48
How far back should the fibers be stripped?
1-1/2 to 2 inches
49
Typical loss (in dB) of a mechanical splice
0.25dB
50
Allows only a single mode of light to propagate through the fiber core
Single Mode Fiber
51
Light that is reflected back to the source and contributes to the optical fiber loss 
Backscattered Light 
52
A special optical fiber connector used in gigabit Ethernet Devices that uses fibers in pairs with LC and/or SC.
LCSC
53
The three types of optical power meters 
Silicon (Si)Germanium (GE)Indium-Gallium-Arsenide (InGaAs) 
54
A connection point in a cable system where a fiber enters a neighborhood and the optical signal is converted to an electrical signal
Node
55
How many feet is equal to 1km
3300 ft
56
Is a water-resistant enclosure that is intended for storing trays of optical fiber splices between incoming outside plant fiber cables and the inside fiber cables going to the fiber patch panels. 
OCEF (Optical Cable Entry Facility) 
57
This cable configuration is the same as unitube, except fibers are arranged side by side
Ribbon
58
FC
Ferruled Connector
59
Attenuation of the wavelength 1310nm per kilometer
.35 dB/km
60
Method of joining two optical fibers of the same type using an electrical arc to form a precision splice
Fusion Splice
61
YEDFA
Ytterbium Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier
62
The twelve fiber and buffer tube colors in order:
* Blue * Orange * Green * Brown * Slate * White * Red * Black * Yellow * Violet * Rose * Aqua
63
The three most important procedures to insure a good splice
Proper CleaningProper CleaveControlled Break
64
This is the sum of all the losses associated with a fiber link between the optical fiber transmitter and the optical fiber receiver
Loss Budget
65
5 types of fiber connections
FC (Ferruled Connector)SC (Standard Connector)UPC (Ultra Polish Connector)APC (Angle Polish Connector)LCSC
66
Output gain of an EDFA 
Over 40dB Possible 
67
Used to visually see the losses, breaks and distance measurements in an optical fiber link 
OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) 
68
One billion cycles per second or 1 billion Hertz
Gigahertz
69
In DWDM, the wavelengths are this far apart
0.8nm or 100GHz
70
Attenuation of the wavelength 1550nm per kilometer
.25 dB/km
71
Color-Coded tubes that house and protect the optical fibers within a fiber optic cable.
Buffer Tubes
72
A method used to lock and mark one end of a line in order to allow someone to safely work on the other end
Lockout Tag-out
73
Typical loss (in dB) of a fusion splice
0.1dB
74
The distance that cannot be seen by the OTDR because the initial pulse doesn't create enough backscattered light and "hides" the first several hundred feet of cable. 
Dead Zone 
75
The preferred method of fiber optic splicing
Fusion Splicing
76
This type of fiber optic cable consists of a single strength member in the center surrounded by color-coded buffer tubers, which contain fibers that are also color-coded.
Loose Tube
77
A temporary joining of two optical fibers of the same type using a plastic form to hold and lock fibers together.
Mechanical Splice
78
The gel from buffer tubes should be cleaned with what?
Isopropyl Alcohol that is at least 90% pure
79
To prevent stress on the fiber, cable manufacturers put about 1% more fiber in the cable than the length of the cable itself, to allow for some stretch.  What is this called? 
Lay Loss Factor 
80
Used to locate faults in jumpers and pigtails
Visible fault locator
81
A Photodiode used to detect light from an optical fiber and converts the light to an electrical source
PIN Diode 
82
When was the Optical Fiber laser invented 
in 1958 at Bell Labs 
83
RIN 
Relative intensity Noise 
84
The interface between the Headend (Hub) and the RF Plant.
Node
85
Optical fiber with erbium, a rare earth material, added to the glass during the manufacturing process, to give fiber useful properties when properly lased 
Doping 
86
Attaches optical fiber from the device to an optical connector 
Pigtail 
87
The difference between transmitted and received power resulting from the loss through equipment, lines, or other transmission devices; usually expressed in decibels
Attenuation
88
The diameter of the fiber optic coating
250 microns
89
Allows many modes of light to propagate through the core.
Multi-Mode Fiber
90
Name the 5 most common fiber optic cable arrangements
Loose TubeFlex TubeUnitubeRibbonRibbon Stranded
91
A cabinet or rack that houses the splices of the outside plant fiber to the inside headend, node or OTN fiber. 
Splice Panel 
92
The diameter range of the fiber optic core
8 to 10 micron
93
Extra fiber connected to the OTDR to make up for the dead zone. 
Launch Cable 
94
What does LASER stand for?
Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation
95
Optical splitter loss is based on _________
Percentages
96
Fiber amplifier that provides the greatest output gain
YEDFA (Ytterbium Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier)
97
Advantage of InGaAs over Ge detectors. 
InGaAs are less noisy and allow measurements down to -65dBm. 
98
Fibers are contained in a plastic tube much larger than the optical fibers.  The fibers can move freely within the tube.
Loose Tube
99
A photo diode used to detect light from an optical fiber and convert the light to an electrical source
PIN Diode

2015 Mark (20 decks)

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