FH II Lab 4

Question 1

Professional definition of waster

Answer 1

• Materials generated during the everyday life, work, business activity of man
• becoming redundant on the site of generation
• Not directly utilisable on the site of generation
• of various quality and phase ( product, remains, object, separated pollutant, polluted, extracted soil
• whose direct utilisation or marketing by their own owner is not possible
• and whose treatment and elimination shall be seperately arranged

Question 2

Legal definition of waste

Answer 2

Waste - any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard

Municipal waste - waste from households, as well as other waste, which because of its nature or composition, is smilier to waste from households

Biodegradable waste - any waste that is capable of undergoing aerobic or anaerobic decomposition, such as food and and garden waster, paper and paper board

Waste oil - any mineral or synthetic oil not suitable anymore for its original purpose

Question 3

Waste (vs byproduct)

Answer 3

• generated inevitably
• further sue is uncertain
• rules of food hygiene do not (necessarily) apply to its further fate
• the produces own decision or legal requirement

Question 4

By product (vs waste)

Answer 4

• it is not generated inevitably
• rules of food hygiene strictly apply to its further fate
  the producers own decision

Question 5

Industry, main product, secondary raw material, by product

Answer 5

Meat, carcass, bone, glues

Dairy, cheese, whey, milk beverages

Fruit drink production, apple juice, Marc, pectin

milling industry, flour, bran, diet foods

sugar industry, sugar, molasses, rum

Question 6

General characteristics of the wastes from the food industry

Answer 6

• Organic materials subject to decomposing;
• Their majority can get back to the soils with the natural cycling of biomass, where these
decompose and the organic material content builds back to the environment;
• Except the hazardous wastes of animal origin;
• Many of them has large volume and high moisture content;
• These are generated in high quantities but scattered;
• Costs of collection and transport limit frequently the range economic utilization;
• These can be perishable and in these cases their storage life is limited.

Question 7

Waste treatment

Answer 7

• Waste treatment: technology of waste elimination, waste (re)use and waste management, covering:
• Collection of waste in the place it was generated;
• Temporary storage;
• Transport;
• Disposal in a facility created for this purpose (dumping);
• Pre-treatment and/or processing;
• And (re)use.

Question 8

Waste elimination

Answer 8

• Rendering the waste harmless in an environmentally friendly way;
• Via chemical treatment, incineration, reuse, final, or temporary storage, or dumping;
• With or without retrieving the useful components.

Question 9

Waste utilization

Answer 9

processing and utilizing or re-selling the waste within the given industry (reuse), or into different industries (recycling).