Feudalism and the Rise of Towns, etc Flashcards
After Charlemagne died and his government collapsed, most of the power shifted from kings to whom?
Nobles
Under which system did land-owning nobles govern and protect the people in return for services?
Feudalism
In the medieval social pyramid, the noble lords and ladies were immediately above which group?
Knights
Two important farming inventions that made turning over soil faster were the horse collar and what else?
Iron plow
What is the name of the code followed by medieval knights?
Chivalry
After the Battle of Hastings in 1066 C.E., who was crowned king of England?
William the conqueror
What contributed to the idea that people have rights and that the power of government should be limited?
Magna Carta
What kind of jury decides whether an accused person is guilty or innocent?
Trial
In 1098 C.E. Pope Urban II called for a crusade, or holy war, against whom?
Muslim Turks
How did the Christian military crusades against Muslim Turks change western Europe?
1) Gained new knowledge about architecture and art
2) Learned to make better ships and began to use the compass
What did kings, popes, and princes create in the Middle Ages to educate scholars?
Universities
What common school item did students in the first European universities not have?
Books
Religious beliefs that conflict with Church teachings are called what?
Heresy
What was the name of the church court that tried and punished people who were suspected of heresy?
Inquisition
What is antisemitism?
Hostility towards Jews
