fetal pig

Question 1

Pancreas

Answer 1

Secretes glucagon and insulin (hormones that regulate blood sugar levels).
Secretes various enzymes in pancreatic juice that digest protein, carbohydrates and lipids

Question 2

Small Intestine

Answer 2

Digestion of chyme via pancreatic enzymes.

Absorption of nutrients i.e., amino acids, glucose and fatty acids.

Question 3

Kidney cortex

Answer 3

More superficial region of the kidney that includes the glomeruli of the nephrons (where blood is filtered into a fluid that is processed into urine).

Question 4

Kidney medulla

Answer 4

Deeper region of the kidney containing the loop of Henle region of the nephrons - this is where urea, other wastes and some water are removed from the filtrate and passed into collecting ducts as urine.

Question 5

Ureter

Answer 5

Tube formed by merging of all kidney collecting ducts. Carries urine to the urinary bladder.

Question 6

Urinary bladder

Answer 6

Storage organ for urine prior to excretion.

Contraction of its muscles forces urine into the urethra.

Question 7

Urethra

Answer 7

Tube leading from bladder to external orifice. Carries urine from bladder to site of excretion. In males, it carries sperm for ejaculation.

Question 8

Ovary

Answer 8

Female - site of egg production and maturation. Also releases sex hormones (e.g. estrogen, progesterone).

Question 9

Uterus

Answer 9

Female - the womb where fetal development occurs.

Question 10

Large Intestine

Answer 10

Formation of solid feces. Absorption of water.

Question 11

Spleen

Answer 11

An organ located inferior to the diaphragm and dorsal to the stomach. Produces red and white blood cells, primarily during fetal life. In the
adult, it serves as a reservoir for blood cells. Old and damaged red blood cells accumulate here and are destroyed.

Question 12

Pyloric Sphincter

Answer 12

A ring of muscle that regulates the movement of chyme from stomach into small intestine.

Question 13

Stomach

Answer 13

Mechanical digestion via peristaltic waves and contractions. Chemical digestion via the enzymes pepsin and hydrochloric acid converting food to chyme (semiliquid substance).

Question 14

Gall bladder

Answer 14

Stores bile made in liver. Releases bile into small intestine where digestion of fats occur.

Question 15

Liver

Answer 15

Host of metabolic functions including: production of bile that aids in digestion of fats. Helps maintain normal blood glucose levels. Synthesizes lipoproteins, phospholipids and cholesterol. Metabolizes protein, and produces urea

Question 16

Peritoneum

D

Answer 16

Lines the abdominal cavity. Holds organs in place and its slippery surface reduces friction between the organs and the abdominal wall.

Question 17

Diaphragm

Answer 17

Contraction increases size of thoracic cavity, causing inspiration (inhaling). Relaxation leads to expiration (exhaling).

Question 18

Lungs

Answer 18

Gas exchange between air and blood via capillary-encased alveoli (single-cell layered air sacs).
O2 inhaled and goes into alveoli and diffuses into capillaries. CO2 diffuses from capillaries to alveoli, and is then exhaled out of body.

Question 19

Esophagus

Answer 19

Moves food by way of peristaltic waves from the throat (pharynx) to the stomach.

Question 20

Trachea

Answer 20

Airway. Filters and moistens air, Removes mucous

Question 21

larynx

Answer 21

Airway. Switching point for food and air. Voice production via vocal cords.

Question 22

Thyroid gland

Answer 22

Secretes hormones involved in metabolism (breakdown of carbohydrates to obtain energy, synthesizing proteins and breaking down and mobilizing lipids).
Secretes calcitonin (hormone) when blood is high in calcium which stimulates formation of bone tissue. Removes iodine from the blood

Question 23

Thymus gland

Answer 23

Secretes Thymosin and Thymopoietin (hormones involved in production of white blood cells called T-lymphocytes). Activates T-lymphocytes, important in immune responses

Question 24

Epididymis

Answer 24

Male - region where sperm mature and are stored.

Question 25

Ductus deferens

Answer 25

Male - tube that carries sperm to the urethra for ejaculation.

Question 26

Bulbourethral glands

Answer 26

Male - secrete a clear mucous prior to ejaculation that neutralizes acid in urethra.