Fetal and Neonatal Assessment Ch. 6 Flashcards
The mean duration of a singleton pregnancy (birth of only one child during a single delivery with a gestation of 20 weeks or more) is what?
The mean duration of a singleton pregnancy (birth of only one child during a single delivery with a gestation of 20 weeks or more) is 280 days/40 weeks
What is term defined as in pregnancy?
Term is defined as the period from 37 weeks to 42 weeks (optimal time for delivery)
What are preterm births and post term birth associated with?
Both preterm births (delivery before 37 weeks) and post term births (after 42 weeks) are associated with increased perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, with variation occurring within this 5 week gestational age range.
Early term?
37 to 38 weeks
Full Term ?
39 to 40 Weeks
Late Term?
41 to 42 weeks
Determinations of gestational age is most accurate when ?
Determinations of gestational age is most accurate when ultrasonographic measurement of the fetus or embryo is performed in the first trimester (up to and including 14 weeks)
When is the risk for stillbirth further increased when fetal growth restriction occurs?
The risk for stillbirth is further increased when fetal growth restriction occurs in the context of oligohydramnios or abnormal diastolic blood flow in the umbilical artery.
What is the most serious consequence of fetal macrosomia?
Shoulder dystocia, defined as a failure of delivery of the fetal shoulder(s) after initial attempts at downward traction, is the most serious consequence of fetal macrosomia,
What causes the risk of shoulder dystocia to increase at birth weights of 4500 g or more?
0.2%-3% –> shoulder dysticia with vaginal deliveries
9% to 14% –> shoulder dystocia with birth weight >4500g
20% to 50% –> shoulder dystocia with maternal _______
●Compared with a prevalence of 0.2% to 3.0% for all vaginal deliveries, the risk for shoulder dystocia at birth weights of 4500 grams or more is 9% to 14%, and increases further in the setting of maternal diabetes to 20% to 50%.
What is Placenta Previa?
Placenta previa àwhen the placenta covers the opening in the mother’s cervix
What is placental abruptions?
Placental abruption àcomplication in which the placenta detaches from the womb
What is vasa previa?
Vasa Previa à fetal blood vessels cross or run near the internal opening of the uterus
What does the amniotic fluid contain?
●It contains electrolytes, proteins, and desquamated fetal cells (amniocytes).
What is the sampling of amniotic fluid?
What can it be used to measure?
●Sampling of amniotic fluid (amniocentesis) can be used to measure various substances such as:
-lecithin and sphingomyelin for assessing fetal lung maturity,
-to look for pathogenic bacteria for confirmation of an intra-amniotic infection,
-and to obtain fetal cells for determination of fetal karyotype or performance of specific genetic analyses.
