Fetal

Question 1

What is early neonatal death?

Answer 1

Within 1w

Question 2

What is late neonatal death?

Answer 2

Within 1m

Question 3

What is perinatal death?

Answer 3

Stillbirth + early neonatal death

Question 4

What are the prenatal features of Edward’s syndrome?

Answer 4

1st trimester: hight NT, x nasal bone, TR, reversed a wave
2nd trimester
- Gen: early onset FGR, polyhyramnios
- Head: hypertelorism, microcephaly, micrognathia, cleft lip/palate
- GI: omphalocele, esophageal atresia
- UG: multicystic dysplastic kidneys, hydrospadias
- MSK: clenched hands, x radius, rocker bottom feet, clubbed foot

Question 5

How to screen for Edward’s syndrome in maternal serum?

Answer 5

Low b-HCG, low PAPPA

Question 6

What is the prognosis of Edward’s syndrome?

Answer 6

90% abortion/IUD

Median lifespan of 10d

Question 7

What is the etiology of Edward’s syndrome?

Answer 7

Nondysjunction during oocytogenesis (meiosis II)

Question 8

What are the prenatal features of Patau’s syndrome?

Answer 8

1st trimester: high NT, x nasal bridge, TR, reversed a wave in ductus venosus
2nd trimester
- Gen: early onset FGR, polyhydramnios, single umbilical a
- Face: median cleft lip/palate, strawberry head, microcephaly, hypotelorism, holoprosencephaly, cyclopia, proboscis, low set ears
- GI: omphalocele
- UG: multicystic dysplastic kidneys, hypospadias
- MSK: clenched hands, polydactyly, rocker bottom feet

Question 9

How to screen for Patau’s syndrome in maternal serum?

Answer 9

Low b-HCG, low PAPPA