ferrous and non ferrous metals + states of matter

Question 1

what combination makes allotropic

Answer 1

iron and steel

Question 2

what are ferrous metals and alloys

Answer 2

primary constituent is iron

Question 3

what are non ferrous metals and alloys

Answer 3

ALL metals except iron
alloys: when the primary constituent is NOT iron

Question 4

what are alloys

Answer 4

mixture of metal with one or more elements

Question 5

substitutional solid solution

Answer 5

• occur between materials with similar sized atoms
• tend to show higher solubility of one metal in another

Question 6

interstitial solid solution

Answer 6

• atoms diff. sizes
• only need small amt of alloying elements to alter prop.
• structure impede on movement of solvent atoms when deformation tries to occur

Question 7

wrought iron 3

Answer 7

• less than 0.05% carbon
• shape by hammering or beating
• ductile and tough, little strength

Question 8

cast iron (iron carbon alloy) 4

Answer 8

• 2.1-4% c
• liquid that has been cast
• hard but brittle
• low cost, good casting characteristics, high compressive strength, wear resistance and excellent machinability

Question 9

steels

Answer 9

0.1-2% c
- iron heated at high temperature

Question 10

5 carbon steels

Answer 10

low carbon: up to 0.15
mild: 0.15-0.3 c
medium carbon: 0.3-0.6
high carbon; 0.6-1
ultra high; 1-2

Question 11

alloy steels 4

Answer 11

manganese + silicone: increase toughness, strength
nickel: increase toughness and fatigue resistance
chromium: good wear resistance
molybdenum: increase hardness and strength

Question 12

crystalline state

Answer 12

when a material solidifies from a liquid

Question 13

bcc

Answer 13

bodily centered cubic

Question 14

fcc

Answer 14

face centered cubic

Question 15

hcp

Answer 15

hexagonal close packed

Question 16

3 types of bonds

Answer 16

iconic, covalent, metallic

Question 17

non crystalline materials

Answer 17

in solid form, they do not have a regular ordered crystalline pattern
eg polymer, glass, ceramics

Question 18

allotropy of steels

Answer 18

• occur in different physical forms
• mild: cool from liquid, iron forms BCC to FCC back to BCC at room temp
• amt of carbon determines changes and whether they fully occur or partially occur