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Biochemija > Fermentai > Flashcards

Fermentai Flashcards

1
Q

kas yra Kcat

A

dydis apibudinantis fermentu katalitine galia, nurodantis, kiek S molekuliu pavercia P viena fermento molekule per 1 s.

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2
Q

savybes budingos tik biologiniams katalizatoriams

A

specifiskumas
Veikimas svelniomis salygomis
Aktyvumas reguliuojamas
Didelis katalitinis pajegumas

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3
Q

tarptautine fermentu klasifikacija

A

Klase (nurodo katalitines reakcijos tipa), poklasė (substrato prigimti/ donora), popoklase (nurodo veikiama rysi, substrata arba akceptoriu)

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4
Q

Pirmo tipo katalitine reakcija

A

oksidoreduktaze

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5
Q

Antro tipo katalitine reakcija

A

Transferaze

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6
Q

Trecio tipo katalitine reakcija

A

hidrolaze

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7
Q

Ketvirto tipo katalitine reakcija

A

Liaze

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8
Q

penkto tipo katalitine reakcija

A

Izomeraze

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9
Q

6 tipo katalitine reakcija

A

ligaze

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10
Q

baltymine fermento dalis

A

Apofermentas

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11
Q

nebaltymine fermento dalis

A

kofaktorius

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12
Q

Organines kilmes nebaltymine fermento dalis (kofaktorius)

A

Kofermentas

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13
Q

sudetiniai fermentai

A

Holofermentai

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14
Q

Kaip vadinamas junginys, kai tarp apofermento ir kofermento nesusidaro stiprus rysys, pvz?

A

Kosubstratas, NAD, NADP

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15
Q

Kaip vadinamas junginys kai tarp apofermento ir kofermento susidaro stiprus rysys, pvz?

A

Prostetines grupes, FAD

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16
Q

Kokia kofermentu funkcija

A

pernesa chemines grupes

17
Q

Kam reikalingi vitaminai?

A

Vitaminai laateleje modifikuojami ir virsta kofermentais, kurie butini fermentams. Taigi, kai truksta vitaminu, sumazeja fermentu aktyvumas.

18
Q

Tarptautinis vienetas

A

fermento kiekis katalizuokantis 1 mikro moli substrato per min

19
Q

Si sistemoje katalas

A

fermento kiekis katalizuojantis 1 moli substrato per sekunde

20
Q

Sant. Fermento aktyvumas

A

parodo fermento grynuma (fermento aktyvumo vienetu (TV) skaicius 1 mg fermento preparato)

21
Q

Fermento- substrato saveikos galimi modeliai ir paaiskinimas

A

rakto-spynos
Priverstinio atitikmens

22
Q

specifiskumo rusys

A

platus (tam tikram rysiui)
Grupinis (gali katalizuoti kelis tos pacios klases junginiu virsmus)
Absoliutus (katalizuoja viena tam tikra reakcija)
Stereospecifiskas (veikia tam tijra izomera)

23
Q

kodel katalizuojant fermentui sumazeja aktyvacijos energija?

A

Fermentas stabilizuoja pereinamaja reakcija, isstumia vandeni, suartina neaktyviasias grupes, dalyvauja kofermentas

24
Q

Fermentu katalizes mechanizmai

A

Substratu suartinimo ir orientacijos efektas
Rysiu itemptis
Rugstine- bazine katalize
Kovalentine katalize

25
Q

Kaip veikia metalofermentai?

A

Prijungia substrata prie aktyviojo centro
Dalyvauja oksidacijos- redukcijos reakcijose
Dalyvauja elektrostatineje stabilizacijoje, palaiko substratu pereinamaja busena

Biochemija (3 decks)

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