Feminism Flashcards
What characteristics first wave feminism
19th and 20th century mainly focused on gaining equal legal rights for women - influenced by Mary Wollstonecraft
What characterises second wave feminine?
1960s and 70s started to focus on social issues also took their inspiration from liberal ideas - Betty Friedan
What do liberals believe is the basis for gender equality?
ethical individualism - individuals come first so should be judged by talents not sex
foundational equality - women should have exactly the same tights and freedoms as men
What are the three core liberal feminist beliefs
legal eqaitu for all
political equality for all
equality of opportunity
Why are liberal feminists reformists?
they seek to change society gradually and peacefully
What do liberal feminists think the role of the state is and isn’t?
is;
the state should open up equal opportunities to access the public sphere
remove legal obstacles
actively ban employers from discrimination on the basis of sex
isn’t:
interfere in male-female relationships in the private sphere
What do Orthodox Marxists feminists believe?
capitalism impresses women
- unpaid reproductive labour
- economic power imbalance
women used as a prop to capitalism
- reproduce work force
- reserve army of labour
- gives husbands a high starys
What is the solution marxist feminist propose?
unite with working class men to overthrow capitalism and in a communist society patriarchy will disappear
What do Modern marxist feminist say?
abolishing capitalism isn’t enough to end patriarchy - soviet union
capitalism and patriarchy are distinct but interlocking sources of oppression
What do social democratic feminists say?
do not aim to abolish capitalism
the state should helps to liberate women by kk him state nurses and society sharing domestic tasks
help more for women to get more economic equality
What is radical feminists core belief?
the personal is the political
all aspects of a woman private life might be political
What do radical feminist believe is the biggest problem
gender inequality
in all aspects of society
What is difference feminism?
men and women are significantly difference from each other - women’s emancipation comes from when women embrace their differences instead of trying to be like men
What are the key ideas of post modern feminism?
big differences between women - each women have different life experiences
women are affected by issues to do with ethnicity religion and class as well as gender
women’s oppression is a unique combination of many other fatigue as well as gender
each woman should define for herself what feminism means to her
What do different feminist believe about the personal being political?
radical - all relationships in both spheres where one group of persons is controlled by another - male domination in the home is the basis for patriarchy everywhere
socialist - agree with radical as women’s domestic roles help to prop up capitalism
liberal - it is dangerous to politicise the private sphere and it should be that women should have access to the public sphere
What does patriarchy mean
rule by father or male dominance
What do feminist believe about patriarchy?
radical - society is characterised by gender oppression which is systematic institutionalised and pervasive - it begins in the home where women are confounded to gender roles
socialist - agree with radical but patriarchy is a secondary issues caused by capitalism as patriarchy will be ended after this
liberal - does not use the term because of its connotations about family structure
What do most feminist believe about sex and gender?
sex and gender are too different things
sex is biological while gender is socially constructed
any sex differences are so minor they should have no social significance- human nature should be thought of as politically androgynous
What do all types of feminists believe about sex and gender
liberal - should be up to the individual to make their own life choices regardless of gender
socialist - traditional gender roles have been imposed on women by capitalism once these are abolished
radical - stressed the difference between the two gender roles are shaped through higher and are socially constructed
difference feminisms - disagree as there is a link between biology and social role
What is equality feminism?
seek equality for men and women
biological differences between men and women should be politically and economically irrelevant
what types of feminism are equality feminists
liberal
socialist
radical equality
What do radical difference feminist say about sex and gender?
there are significant differences as women are more compassionate and men are more agressive
what is essentialism?
the belief that biological sex differences lead to significant differences in the behaviour of men and women
what did differences feminists say is dangerous about equality
they see being equal as a male identified mindset as though everything g men have and do is desirable
women should instead celebrate their differences
