Feminism

Question 1

Heaton and Lawson

Answer 1

the patriarchal curriculum

Question 2

Examples of the patriarchal curriculum

Answer 2

lack of positive role models for girls. Despite most teachers being female, there are more male head teachers. This could instill the ideology that men are in authority to women in society.

Question 3

Heaton and Lawson Overview

Answer 3

the main purpose of school is to socialise boys and girls into different gender roles. Essentially they see parallels between what happens in school to gender expectations in wider society (the hidden curriculum).

Question 4

Heaton and lawson evaluation

Answer 4

• the education system is increasingly resulting in female success and male underperformance. If this is a system designed to ensure men are in the top positions in society and women are marginalised into a domestic role, then it would appear to be failing.
• The education system is sending more and more girls into higher education

Question 5

Kelly

Answer 5

focused on a particular aspect of the patriarchal curriculum - gendered language in education

Question 6

Kelly Overview

Answer 6

• women were invisible in science textbooks and dependent on men in Children’s books.
• Teachers reflect patriarchal values when they are speaking about a group of people and tend to use masculine gendered pronouns

Question 7

Kelly evaluation

Answer 7

Education is becoming a more female-dominated field (most teachers are women, an increasing number of managers are women because they are drawn from the available teachers)

Question 8

Culley

Answer 8

School teach girls to accept marginalisation

Question 9

Culley Overview

Answer 9

Culley found that boys ‘colonise’ or take over spaces.
Examples of this are computer rooms and playgrounds.
Boys tend to play ball games centrally and the girls find themselves pushed to the edges.

Question 10

Culley evaluation

Answer 10

it is still clear that there is a glass ceiling and a gender pay gap so the education system might be creating lots of highly-qualified girls, they are still losing out to their male peers when it comes to top jobs and higher incomes. the education system largely normalises this and so even highly-qualified women often accept this as inevitable or normal. At the same time men are socialised to also consider this normal.