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Reproduction & Sexual Health > Female Reproductive System & Breast Anatomy > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System & Breast Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two pouches formed by the parietal peritoneum in the female?

A

Vesico-uterine pouch

Recto-uterine pouch (of Douglas)

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2
Q

What is the pouch formed by the parietal peritoneum in the male?

A

Recto-vesicle Pouch

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3
Q

What is the parietal peritoneum?

A

The lining of the abdominal cavity - forms a roof over pelvic organs.

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4
Q

What are the two ligaments associated with the uterus?

A

Broad ligament

Round ligament

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5
Q

What does the broad ligament do?

A

Maintains the uterus in the correct midline position.

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6
Q

What does the round ligament do?

A

Passes through the deep inguinal ring to attach to the superficial tissue of the female perineum.

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7
Q

What is the broad ligament actually formed by?

A

Double layer of peritoneum.

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8
Q

What embryological remnant forms the round ligament?

A

Gubernaculum

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9
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus?

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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10
Q

What is found within the myometrium?

A

Thick muscular layer containing neurovasculature and lymphatics.

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11
Q

What is the name of the opening in the cervix?

A

Os

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12
Q

What is the ligament anchoring the uterus to the sacrum?

A

Uterosacral ligament

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13
Q

What is the name of the dark line in the centre of the uterosacral ligament?

A

Transverse Cervical Ligament

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14
Q

What is meant by ‘anteVerted’ and ‘retroVerted’?

A

The Cervic is tipped anteriorly or posterior relative to the axis of the vagina.

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15
Q

What is the axis of the vagina?

A

Straight line between external and internal vagina

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16
Q

What is the axis of the cervix?

A

Straight line between external and internal os.

17
Q

What is meant by the term ‘anteflexed’ or ‘retroflexed’?

A

The uterus is tipped anteriorly or posteriorly to the axis of the cervix.

18
Q

What is the most common position of the uterus?

A

Anteverted and anteflexed

19
Q

What are the parts of the uterine tubes from distal to proximal?

A

Fimbriae, Infundibulum, Ampulla, Isthmus

20
Q

Where is the site of fertilisation normally?

A

Ampulla

21
Q

What is the name of the areas at the superior vagina created by the cervix holding it open?

A

Fornix - plural fornices

anterior, posterior and lateral x2

22
Q

How might the ischial spines be palpated?

A

Intravaginally at 4 and 8 o’clock

23
Q

What is the perineum?

A

Shallow space between the pelvic diaphragm and the skin.

24
Q

What muscle forms the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Levator Ani muscle

25
Q

What is the nerve supply to the levator ani?

A

S3, S4 and S5 from sacral plexus + pudendal nerve

26
Q

What is the name of the cartilaginous and elastic body attached to the perineal muscles?

A

Perineal body

27
Q

What is the name of the glands associated with lubrication and sexual arousal?

A

Bartholins Gland (a.k.a Greater Vestibular Gland)

28
Q

Name the fatty region overlying the pubic bones.

A

Mons pubis

29
Q

What does the vestibule of the vagina contain?

A

The external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice.

30
Q

From which ribs do the bed of the breast extend?

A

2-6

Lateral border of sternum to mid-axillary line.

31
Q

Over what muscles does the breast lie?

A

Deep fascia over pectorals major and serrated anterior.

32
Q

What is the area between the breast and the underlying fascia called?

A

Retromammary space

33
Q

What structures attach the breast tissue to the overlying skin?

A

Suspensory ligaments

34
Q

How are the quadrants of the breast named?

A

Upper outer
Upper inner
Lower outer
Lower inner

35
Q

Asking the patient to assume what position may help in breast examination?

A

Placing hands firmly on hips.

36
Q

Which lymph nodes drain the breasts?

A

Axillary Lymph nodes (75%)
Parasternal lymph nodes
Abdominal lymph nodes - lower inner quadrant only

37
Q

What are the levels of axillary node clearance?

A

Level I - inferior and lateral to pectorals major
Level II - deep to pectorals major
Level III - superior and medial to pectoralis minor

38
Q

Which arteries supply the breast?

A

Internal thoracic and anterior intercostal arteries.

Reproduction & Sexual Health (4 decks)

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