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Reproduction Anatomy > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is contained within the female perineum?

A 
Inferior vagina
Perineal muscles
Bartholin's glands
Clitoris
Labia
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2
Q

What pouches are found within the female peritoneum?

A

Vesico-uterine

Recto-uterine (pouch of Douglas)

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3
Q

Where does excess fluid tend to collect in the female peritoneum?

A

Recto-uterine pouch

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4
Q

How can fluid collected in the pouch of Douglas be drained?

A

Via a needle passed through the posterior fornix of the vagina (culdocentesis)

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5
Q

The broad ligament of the uterus is formed from a single/double layer of peritoneum

A

Double

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6
Q

What is the function of the broad ligament?

A

Helps maintain the uterus in midline position

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7
Q

Where does the round ligament attach?

A

Lateral aspect of uterus and superficial tissue of female perineum

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8
Q

What are the three layers of the uterus?

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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9
Q

The cervix makes up what fraction of the uterus in an adult?

A

1/3

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10
Q

Which ligament is important in holding the uterus in position?

A

Uterosacral

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11
Q

What happens if there is weakness of the uterosacral ligament?

A

Uterine prolapse

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12
Q

What is the most common position of the uterus?

A

Anteverted (cervix tipped anteriorly to axis of vagina)

Anteflexed (uterus tipped anteriorly to axis of cervix)

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13
Q

Give a normal variation in uterine position

A

Retroverted and retroflexed (uterus tipped posteriorly to axis of vagina/cervix)

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14
Q

Why must a speculum be used in cervical smears?

A

As the walls of the vagina are usually collapsed

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15
Q

Which anatomical site must be sampled in a cervical smear?

A

Squamo-columnar junction

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16
Q

Where do the fimbrae of the uterine tubes open into?

A

Peritoneal cavity

17
Q

Why is it important that the fimbrae open into the peritoneal cavity?

A

PID can cause peritonitis

Ectopic pregnancy in peritoneal cavity

18
Q

What are the four fornicies of the vagina?

A

Anterior
Posterior
2 lateral

19
Q

On PV, where can the ischial spines be palpated?

A

4 and 8 o’clock positions

20
Q

How can adnexae be palpated on PV?

A

Place examining fingers into lateral fornix and press deeply in iliac fossa of same side

21
Q

What are the anatomical landmarks of the urogenital triangle?

A

Pubic symphysis

2 x ischial spine

22
Q

What are the anatomical landmarks of the anal triangle?

A

Coccyx

2 x ischial spine

23
Q

What are the nerve roots of the nerve to levator ani?

A

S3/4/5

24
Q

The perineum is supplied by which nerve?

A

Pudendal nerve

25
Q

Bartholins gland has the same function as which gland in the male?

A

Bulbourethral gland

26
Q

What is contained within the vestibule?

A

External urethral orifice

Vaginal orifice

27
Q

The female breast extends between which ribs?

A

2-6

28
Q

Breast tissue lies on which structure?

A

Deep fascia

29
Q

What are the four quadrants of the breast?

A

Upper outer
Upper inner
Lower outer
Lower inner

30
Q

Most lymph from the breast drains to which lymph nodes?

A

Ipsilateral axillary nodes

31
Q

Lymph from the lower inner breast can drain to which lymph nodes?

A

Abdominal

32
Q

How are the levels of axillary lymph nodes classified?

A

Relation to pec minor

33
Q

Level I axillary lymph nodes are found where?

A

Inferior and lateral to pec minor

34
Q

Level II axillary lymph nodes are found where?

A

Deep to pec minor

35
Q

Level III axillary lymph nodes are found where?

A

Superior and medial to pec minor

36
Q

What happens if level III lymph nodes are removed?

A

Lymph clearance from levels I and II will be blocked off

37
Q

What is the main arterial supply of the breast?

A

Axillary artery

Internal thoracic

Reproduction Anatomy (8 decks)

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