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HISTOLOGY FINALS > FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

The function of Female reproductive system

A

✓ Produces female gametes (role of the ovaries)
✓ Provides environment for fertilization
✓ Holds embryo for complete development until birth
✓ Produces steroidal sex hormones

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2
Q

LE of OVARIES:

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

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3
Q

Continues with mesothelium and overlying a
dense connective tissue capsule called

A

TUNICA ALBUGINEA

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4
Q

Parts of ovaries

A

o Cortex
- Highly cellular connective tissue
- Ovarian follicles
- Very important
o Medulla
-Loose connective tissue and blood
vessels

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5
Q

___________ surrounded by flat cells called follicular
cells to form a non-growing ovarian follicle

A

PRIMARY OOCYTES

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6
Q

term for Menopause:

A

atresia

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7
Q

Oocyte + one or more layers of follicular cells within a basal lamina

A

OVARIAN FOLLICLE

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8
Q

The first ovarian follicle that we’ll see which is located
at the superficial ovarian cortex

A

Primordial follicle

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9
Q

Single layer of flattened follicular cells

A

PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES

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10
Q

→ Release of follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) from
pituitary gland

A

FOLLICULAR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

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11
Q

LE of Unilaminar primary follicle

A

→ Simple cuboidal epithelium

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12
Q

LE of Multilaminar primary follicle

A

→ Stratified cuboidal epithelium

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13
Q

Characteristic feature of Multilaminar primary follicle:

A

Zona pellucida

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14
Q
  • Well vascularized, steroid producing
    cells
  • Secretes Androstenedione (estrogen
    precursor)
A

o Theca interna

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15
Q
  • Fibroblasts and smooth muscles
A

o Theca externa

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16
Q

Cells secrete clear follicular fluid (liquor folliculi)

A

ANTRAL FOLLICLES

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17
Q

small fluid-filled spaces fuse forming a cavity

A

Antrum

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18
Q

→ granulosa cells around the oocyte will form a hillock

A

Cumulus oophorus

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19
Q

→ tightly adhering granulosa cells that immediately surround the zona pellucida
→ Accompany the oocyte when it leaves the ovary during ovulation

A

Corona radiata

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20
Q

→ Preovulatory follicle
→ Contains a single large antrum
→ Forms a bulge at the ovarian surface

A

GRAAFIAN/ MATURE FOLLICLES

21
Q

o Detachment of granulosa cells
o Autolysis of oocyte
o Collapse of zona pellucida

A

→ Apoptosis

22
Q

→ Temporary endocrine gland

A

CORPUS LUTEUM

23
Q
  • large pale staining cells
  • Major hormone produced: progesterone
A

Granulosa lutein cells

24
Q
  • Progesterone (primary hormone) &
    androstenedione
  • small dark staining cells
A
25
Q
  • Produces progesterone (majority) &
    androstenedione
A

Theca lutein cells

26
Q

→ Contains mostly collagen, few fibroblasts
→ Scar of connective tissue

A

CORPUS ALBICANS

27
Q

Major regions of UTERUS:

A
  • Fundus
  • Corpus/body
  • Isthmus
  • Cervix
28
Q

→ Rounded upper end of the body
→ Where oviducts join

A
  • Fundus
29
Q

→ Expanded upper portion; bulk

A
  • Corpus/ Body
30
Q

→ Slightly constricted portion below the corpus

A

Isthmus

31
Q

→ Cylindrical lower part

A

Cervix

32
Q

→ Outer connective tissue layer
→ Largely serosa covered by mesothelium

A

PERIMETRIUM

33
Q

→ Thickest, highly vascularized
→ Bundles of smooth muscles (inner circular and outer longitudinal layer)
→ Contains muscles

A

MYOMETRIUM

34
Q

LE: of ENDOMETRIUM

A

LE: simple columnar epithelium
▪ Ciliated cells
▪ Secretory cells (lines the uterine glands)

35
Q

Proliferative phase

A

8 – 10 days

36
Q

Menstrual period

A

3- 4 days

37
Q

Secretory phase

A

– begins at ovulation; about 14 days

38
Q

→ Shedding part of mucosa 14 days after ovulation
→ Corpus luteum regresses
→ Decrease in estrogen and progesterone

A

MENSTRUAL PHASE

39
Q

→ After ovulation
→ Peak of LH: induces ovulation, development of corpus
luteum
→ Epithelial cells secrete glycogen, glands coil
→ Microvasculature thin-walled, blood-filled

A

SECRETORY PHASE

40
Q

→ Follicular or estrogenic phase
→ FSH stimulates rapid growth of follicles
→ Dominant follicle reaches preovulatory stage
→ Endometrium: simple columnar, straight tubular glands empty lumens, spiral A lengthen

A

PROLIFERATIVE PHASE

41
Q

what organ consists of:
o Folded mucosa
o Well-defined muscularis with interwoven circular and
longitudinal layers of smooth muscle
o Thin serosa covered by visceral peritoneum

A

FALLOPIAN TUBES

42
Q

LE of Fallopian Tube:

A

Non-ciliated secretory Peg cells – secrete
glycoproteins

43
Q

LE of Endocervix

A

simple columnar

44
Q

LE of Exocervix (portio vaginalis)

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

45
Q

LE of Vagina

A

stratified squamous

46
Q

LP of Vagina

A

: elastic fibers, lymphocytes, neutrophils

47
Q

Muscular layer of Vagina

A

2 distinct layers of inner circular and outer
longitudinal laye

48
Q

Tunica Adventitia of Vagina

A

o Dense connective tissue and plenty of elastic fibers
o Venous plexus, lymphatic vessels, and nerves

HISTOLOGY FINALS (3 decks)

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