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OSPE MSK > Female Reproductive Anatomy > Flashcards

Female Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

3 layers of uterus (outermost > innermost)

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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2
Q

What area of the uterus does upper segment develop from

A

uterine body

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3
Q

What area of the uterine body does lower segment develop from

A

the area between cervix and uterus

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4
Q

What is the normal position of the uterus

A

Anteflexed and anteverted

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5
Q

What is the clinical significance of the posterior fornix?

A

Common site for spread of pathology because it is closely associated to the Pouch of Douglas [lowest part of the peritoneal cavity in the supine position (fluid collects)]. Culdocentesis
Eg ascites, tumor, endometriosis, pus

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6
Q

Name 4 ligaments that anchor uterus and cervix

A

Ligament of ovary
Suspensory ligament of ovary
Round ligament of uterus
Broad ligament

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7
Q

Which ligament is called the cardinal ligament of the uterus? other names of the cardinal ligament

A

Mackenrodt’s ligaments (other names):
lateral
transverse

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8
Q

Apart from pelvic fascia, what other structure in the pelvis is also an important support of the uterus

A

Round ligament
Cardinal ligaments
Pubocervical ligaments
Uterosacal ligament

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9
Q

What is embryological significance of the round-ligament? Where does it attach and insert?

A

remnant of embryonic gubernaculum

Originates from uterus and passes through the inguinal canal

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10
Q

Name 4 parts of fallopian tubes

A

Fimbriae, Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
Intramural/interstitial

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11
Q

Longest and widest part of fallopian tube

A

Ampulla

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12
Q

Fertilisation occurs in which part of the uterine tube

A

Ampulla

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13
Q

What is a cornual ectopic

A

implantation in interstitial part of fallopian tube

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14
Q

What are the 2 ligaments associated with the ovary

A

ligament of ovary

Suspensory ligament of ovary

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15
Q

Which ligament attaches from uterus to ovary

A

ligament of ovary

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16
Q

Which ligament attaches from ovary to lateral pelvic wall?

A

suspensory ligament of ovary

17
Q

What are the 2 arteries that deliver blood supply to gonads and genitalia - 2 major branches from the aorta

A

Gonadal arteries

Internal iliac arteries

18
Q

At what vertebral level do the gonadal arteries originate

A

L1-2

19
Q

Drainage of the left gonadal vein

A

Into left renal vein > IVC

20
Q

Drainage of right gonadal vein

A

IVC

21
Q

At what level does the uterine artery cross over the ureter?

A

level of ischial spine

water under the bridge

22
Q

Lymphatic drainage of fundus and upper uterine body

A

pre-aortic group of lymph nodes

23
Q

Lymphatic drainage of most part of uterine body

A

External iliac LN

24
Q

Lymphatic drainage of uterine cervix, upper vagina

A

internal iliac, sacral

25
Q

Lymphatic drainage of lower vagina

A

superficial inguinal

26
Q

The breast extends from __ rib to __ rib and horizontally from lateral border of sternum to ___ line

A

2-6 rib

Mid axillary line

27
Q

Deep to the breasts are 3 muscles

A

Pec major, pec minor, serratus anterior

28
Q

The breasts are supplied by branches of the subclavian and axillary arteries [3]

A

Internal thoracic artery
Thoracoacromial artery
Lateral thoracic artery

29
Q

3 main groups of LN draining breast tissue

A

parasternal, axillary, supra-clavicular

30
Q

4 functions of placenta

A

Gaseous exchange
Nutrient transfer
Excretion of waste products from fetus
Immunity: maternal IGg at transfer to fetus

31
Q

When does placenta physiologically separate from uterine wall

A

Third stage of labour after delivery of fetus

32
Q

How many umbilical arteries are there in a cross section of the umbilical cord

A

2

33
Q

What is the function of umbilical arteries in fetal circulation

A

Carrying de-oxygenated blood to placenta

34
Q

What is the function of umbilical veins in fetal circulation

A

Carrying oxygenated blood

35
Q

Which umbilical vein persists during fetal criculation

A

umbilical vein > ligamentum teres

falciform ligament of liver

36
Q

What is the name of the fascia that stretches between right and left sides of the pubic arch below the pubic symphysis

A

perineal membrane

37
Q

What lies in the sub peritoneal space?

What lies in the deep perineal space/pouch?

A

Subperitoneal space - internal urethral sphincter

Deep perineal space - deep transverse perineal muscle, external urethral sphincter

38
Q

What lies in the superficial perineal pouch/space?

A

Superficial transverse perineal muscle
Ischiocavernosus
Bulbospongiosus

39
Q

What fascia separates the superficial and deep perineal space?

A

Perineal membrane

OSPE MSK (8 decks)

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