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Reproductive - Physiology > Female Repro > Flashcards

Female Repro Flashcards

1
Q

1 oocyte makes how many mature egg cells

A

1

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2
Q

how long does the process of a follicle maturing to ovulation take

A

6-9 months

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3
Q

how big is a mature follicle

A

> 17mm

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4
Q

structure of a follicle

A

theca cells surround the oocyte and antrum filled with fluid

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5
Q

what is left when the egg leaves the follicle

A

it turns into corpus luteum

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6
Q

if pregnancy does not occur what happens to corpus luteum

A

it becomes corpus albicans

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7
Q

where is GnRH released from

A

the hypothalamus

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8
Q

action of GnRH

A

stimulate LH and FSH secretion from anterior pituitary

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9
Q

action of FSH

A

stimulate follicular development

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10
Q

action of LH

A

maintain the dominant follicle , induce maturation and ovulation and stimulate corpus luteum

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11
Q

where are granulosa cells

A

in the follicle around the oocyte

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12
Q

secretion of granulosa cells

A

when stimulated by FSH they secrete estrogen

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13
Q

how long is the follicular phase of menstruation

A

~14 days

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14
Q

where is day 0 of the ovarian cycle

A

on egg release, 14 days after period

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15
Q

what is day 0 of uterine cycle

A

start of period

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16
Q

phase that follows follicular phase

A

luteal phase

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17
Q

phases of uterine cycle

A

menses, proliferative and secretory

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18
Q

a surge in what hormone is triggered by estrogen reaching a threshold

A

LH

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19
Q

when is estrogen highest

A

at ovulation (day 14)

20
Q

when is progesterone highest

A

mid secretory phase (~day 21)

21
Q

function of corpus luteum

A

secretion of progesterone

22
Q

role of progesterone

A

to vascularise and further prepare the endometrium for a fertilised egg

23
Q

where are LH and FSH secreted from

A

anterior pituitary

24
Q

when does basal body temperature raise during the cycle and by how much

A

day 14-28 (post ovulation) by 0.3C

25
Q

how does the feedback control of estrogen on LH and GnRH change

A

estrogen give -ve feedback to LH and GnRH most of cycle but switches to +ve feedback in days 12-14 (late follicular phase)

26
Q

what hormone triggers ovulation

A

LH

27
Q

what type of hormone is estrogen

A

steroid

28
Q

which gonadotropin stimulates progesterone release

A

LH

29
Q

estrogen gives what kind of feedback on FSH

A

negative

30
Q

3 main estrogens

A

estradiol, estrone and estriol

31
Q

when does meiosis I happen of the oocyte

A

before birth

32
Q

when does meiosis II of the oocyte happen

A

at puberty

33
Q

the mature (graafian) follicle is FSH in/dependent

A

dependent

34
Q

the primordial follicle is FSH in/dependent

A

independent

35
Q

action FSH on the follicle

A

stimulates recruitment and development

36
Q

when is the peak age for being pregnant

A

~19

37
Q

when the oocyte divides what are the two products

A

secondary oocyte and a polar body

38
Q

how many chromosome in primary oocyte (at menstruation time)

A

46

39
Q

how many chromosomes in secondary oocyte (at menstruation time)

A

23

40
Q

how many chromosomes does the final egg cell have

A

23

41
Q

which half of the cycle is estrogen dominant

A

follicular phase (day 0-14)

42
Q

when is progesterone most dominant

A

luteral phase (day 14-28)

43
Q

describe the process of oogenesis

A

BEFORE BIRTH:
oogonium undergo mitosis into primary oocyte with full chromosomes?
undergoes first meiosis arresting at prophase
AFTER PUBERTY:
respond to hormones of cycle and complete first meiosis to give secondary oocyte (haploid) and polar body.
ON FERTILISATION:
completes second meiotic division when fertilised to form a matur ovum and second polar body

44
Q

true/false egg supply is finite and declines with age

A

TRUE

45
Q

true/false from puberty onwards a group of primary oocytes are hormome responsive and each month one is dominant and with develop into a secondary ooctyte ready for fertilisation

A

TRUE

46
Q

what is released from the ovary in ovulation

A

secondary oocyte

Reproductive - Physiology (3 decks)

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