Female anatomy

Question 1

central tendon

Answer 1

perineal body

• larger and more prominent than in male
• insertion point: for superficial and deep transverse perinieal mm, bulbospongiosus m. and external anal sphincter

Question 2

vestibular bulb

Answer 2

• homolog of copus psongiosum
• lie along base of labia majora
• covers the greater vestibular gland “bulbourethral glands”

Question 3

corpora cavernosa

Answer 3

• homolog to corpora cavernosa in males

- forms the clitoris

Question 4

muscles of female erectile tissue

Answer 4

bulbospongiosus: wrap around labia minor
ischiocavernosus: from ischiopubic rami to pubic arch forming the crura of the clitoris

Question 5

mons pubis

Answer 5

subcutaneous fat pad overlying pubis symphysis

Question 6

labia majora

Answer 6

• homolog of scrotal folds in male
• forms boundaries of pudendal cleft
• contains round ligament of uterus

Question 7

labia minora

Answer 7

• homolog of urethral folds in male
• creates the vestibule surrounding the vagina and urethral opening
• antero-lateral portions unite to form the prepuce of the clitoris
• medial portions unite to form the frenulum of the glans of the clitoris

Question 8

where are ovaries located?

Answer 8

along the posterior surface of the broad ligament against the lateral pelvic wall

• usually laterally inferior to uterine tube
• usually anterior to ureter

Question 9

what suspends the ovaries?

Answer 9

1. mesovarium from broad ligament
2. suspensory ligament of the ovary
3. round ligament = ovarian ligament = homologue of guvernaculum in male

Question 10

what are four parts of uterine tubes?

Answer 10

1. infundibulum: funnel with fimbrae
2. ampulla: broad thin-walled segment
3. isthmus: thick walled with constricted lumen
4. uterine portion: within muscular wall of uterus, very constricted lumen

Question 11

what are four parts of uterus?

Answer 11

body: larges portion
cavity: traingular shaped lumen of the body
fundus: portion of body projecting above the uterine tubes
cervix: muscular tubular caudal portion projecting into vagina

Question 12

isthmus of uterus

Answer 12

constriction of the lower uterus

Question 13

anterverted

Answer 13

tilted forward on the vagina

Question 14

anteflexed

Answer 14

curve in the body; concavity facing anteriorly inferiorly

Question 15

Vagina

Answer 15

thin walled tube of CT lined with stratified squamous epithelium

Question 16

three portions of broad ligament of uterus

Answer 16

• divides pelvis into anterior and posterior segments
  1. mesovarium: pouch like extension providing support for ovary
  2. mesoslpinx: portion immediately adjacent to uterine tubes
  3. mesometrium: major portion extending from uterus to lateral pelvic wall
• broad ligament forms pathway for aa. vv. nn. and lyphatics to get to uterus and vagina

Question 17

What is the vascular supply of the ovary/

Answer 17

1. ovarian a. - arises from abdominal aorta and travels within syspensory ligament of ovary
2. ovarian branch of uterine a. - passes laterally in broad ligament to anastomose with ovarian a.

Question 18

vascular supply to uterus/uterine tubes?

Answer 18

1. uterine a: branch of internal iliac a.
   - courses through broad ligament to uterus
   - gives off two branhces toward cervix (ceri al and vaginal branch)
   - gives off two branches to fundus (tubala. and ovarian branch of uterine a.)

Question 19

vascular supply to vagina?

Answer 19

1. vaginal branches of uterine a. (supplies upper portion)
2. vaginal a. (usually a branch of internal iliac)
3. internal pudendal a. (supplies lower portion)