female

Question 1

female reproductive system

Answer 1

-make eggs
-fertilize
-place for fetus
-labour
- female sex hormones
(EFFLS)

Question 2

ovaries

Answer 2

eggs produce and mature
* Produce estrogen and
progesterone

Question 3

Fallopian tubes (oviducts)

Answer 3

carries cell + fertilization

Question 4

uterus

Answer 4

fetal development

Question 5

endometrium

Answer 5

Lining thickens monthly so fertilized egg implants
no fertilization = period starts

Question 6

cervix

Answer 6

Glands secrete mucus.
Blocks bacteria.
Helps sperm move.

Question 7

vagina

Answer 7

Birth canal,
menstrual flow exit, site of intercourse.
Lubricated by cervical mucus.
Acidic pH keeps it healthy.

Question 8

vagina length

Answer 8

8-10 cm

Question 9

egg cell ovum

Answer 9

-bigger than sperm
-1 ovum matures each month

Question 10

follicles

Answer 10

egg development (oogenesis).
matures n releases an egg during ovulation.
Fimbriae move the egg to the fallopian tube.

Question 11

follicles produce

Answer 11

Specialized tissue produces estrogen.

Question 12

how long does egg survive in tube

Answer 12

24 hours

Question 13

corpus luteum

Answer 13

-Forms from follicle after ovulation.
-Produces pregnancy hormones (progesterone & estrogen).
-Breaks down after 10 days if no pregnancy occurs.

Question 14

FSH

Answer 14

-stimulates follicular growth in ovaries
- releases estrogen

Question 15

LH

Answer 15

surge causes ovulation (egg release)
- results in the formation of corpus luteum

Question 16

estrogen

Answer 16

thickens uterine lining (endometrium)
- slows FSH and LH
- stimulates FSH and LH pre ovulation

Question 17

progesterone

Answer 17

produced by CL after ovulation
-thickens uterine lining
slows FSH and LH

Question 18

1. flow phase (menstrual)

Answer 18

days 0-4
Low estrogen and progesterone
- endometrium is shed by uterine contractions (bleeding
- FSH release begins follicular development

day 0-4
high FSH levels = stimulating follicle development.
low E & P so linings sheds

Question 19

2. follicular phase

Answer 19

-day 6-13
FSH from ant pit stimulates growth of ovarian follicles.
-dominant follicle makes estrogen
-Stops FSH (neg fed) to prevent other follicles from growing.
Thickens the uterine lining (endometrium).

day 6-13
FSH stimulates follicles to grow and produce E
which thickens the endometrium. FSH stops so other follicles dont grow (neg feedback)

Question 20

3. ovulatory phase

Answer 20

-day 14
- estrogen stimulates ant pit to secrete hormones (pos fed)
-Leads to an LH increase (and smaller FSH surge).
LH causes dominant follicle to release an egg (ovulation).

day 14
LH increase triggers ovulation.
Estrogen levels peak, and progesterone begins to rise.

Question 21

4. luteal phase

Answer 21

day 15-28
-Corpus Luteum Formed from a ruptured follicle.
-makes progesterone and some estrogen.
Thickens uterine lining.
Stops FSH and LH production.

Day 15-28
Corpus luteum makes E & P
P maintains endometrium and stops FSH & LH.
no fertilization = E & P drop

Question 22

Oogenesis (Egg Development)

Answer 22

develops in follicles:
Each month, one follicle matures and releases an egg (ovulation).
Remaining follicle tissue becomes the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone and estrogen.

Question 23

Hormonal Control in Females

Answer 23

Hypothalamus secretes GnRH, stimulating the pituitary to release:
FSH: Stimulates follicle growth and estrogen production.
LH: Triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum.

Question 24

If fertilization occurs:

Answer 24

Embryo implants, and hormones sustain the corpus luteum

Question 25

If no fertilization occurs:

Answer 25

Corpus luteum degenerates, hormone levels drop, and the cycle restarts.

Question 26

pathway of a egg

Answer 26

Ovary → Fimbriae → Fallopian Tube → Uterus

Question 27

Granulosa Cells:

Answer 27

Surround and nourish the egg.

Question 28

oocyte

Answer 28

immature egg in follicle